1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 470及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Solve The Energy Crisis. You should write at least 120 words according to the guidelines given below in Chinese: 1. 能源在人类的生存和发展中的重要作用 ; 2. 描述目前的能源现状，并指出引起全球能源危机的
2、原因 ; 3. 如何解决能源危机。 How to Solve The Energy Crisis 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the state
3、ment agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Time To Panic? Nobody needed to read George Bushs lips when he visited Russia recently as the gues
4、t of Goldman Sachs to mark the opening of the U.S. investment banks Moscow outpost. Bush declared his faith in “the power of freedom“ and of free markets. “I am optimistic,“ he proclaimed. “I believe Russia is going to thrive. “Bush may yet be proved right. But coming as the countrys stock market hi
5、t a new record low and interest rates leapt skyward, the former Presidents speech was ill-timed. For anyone who has invested in Russia, this is the summer of sleepless nights as the dreaded word devalvatsiya-Russian for devaluation makes an unwelcome comeback. “Its taboo to say it,“ says one promine
6、nt Russian banker, “but this threat hangs over us like a nightmare.“ Last week, Finance Minister Mikhail Zadornov declared devaluation unavoidable unless tax collection improves “by a third“ in the coming months. With billions of dollars in unpaid taxes, the government has launched yet another despe
7、rate crackdown on tax evaders, even freezing the assets of the country s top debtor, gas giant Gazprom which owes some $ 2.5 billion. The showdown was dramatic, with the tax police storming Gazproms Moscow skyscraper and salivating over its vast collection of yachts, planes and holiday villas. But w
8、ithin hours, the confrontation was over. On Friday, Gazproms CEO Rem Vyakhirev won a private audience with President Boris Yeltsin, where he defused attempts to rip up the agreement granting him control of 35 % of the states 40% stake in Gazprom and promised, in due time, to pay off the debt. But as
9、 every sentient observer knows, the clock is ticking fast. “When treasury bill rates rise to 80 %, it means we re in a pre-collapse state,“ says Vladimir Potanin, so-called oligarch and founder of Unexim Bank, one of Russias largest. “Its logical what could come next: devaluation, the crash of the b
10、anking system, huge lines of people trying to get their money out, unpaid wages and heightened social tension.“ Everybody agrees that a devaluation would devastate Russia as it struggles to retain its fragile financial credibility earned over six years of haphazard reform. Particularly hard hit woul
11、d be Russia s banking system, which has debts of at least $ ,200 billion and dangerously few assets. What assets the banks do have could be wiped out thanks to their exposure to so-called “dollar forward contracts“ signed with Western banks. “If there s a devaluation,“ says Potanin, “it s clear that
12、 there is this massive amount of future obligations that will have to be paid off, and of course the method will be by defaulting.“ Little wonder then that the crisis has reduced Russias financial elite, once a pride of chest-beating fat cats, to a threatened species screeching about the coming apoc
13、alypse. Their counterparts in the political arena are no less panicked. On June 23, Yeltsin warned his opponents in parliament that if an austerity package was not passed before they recessed on July 16, he would resort to “other means-a hint that he would rule by decree. Yet last week, the Russian
14、President informed his subjects and stunned international observers: “We have no crisis.“ Yeltsin may be the only person in Russia who believes that, as devaluation rumors hit fever pitch. “This week,“ predicts a top financial journalist, who boasts close ties to the Central Bank. Even as they brace
15、 for the coming storm, many are looking to the International Monetary Fund to save the day. After twice delaying it, on June 25 the IMF, citing its faith in the cabinet of Prime Minister Sergei Kiriyenko, released a $ 670 million tranche of a previous $ 9.2 billion credit. But Russias chances for a
16、world-class bailout-the $ 10-15 billion that Anatoli Chubais, Yeltsins envoy to the IMF talks, deems the bare minimum Russia needs to escape catastrophe-look slim. In the meantime, Kiriyenko is fighting to hang on to his new job, and his blueprint for rescuing Russia. By midweek, the beleaguered Pri
17、me Minister had submitted his anti-crisis plan to the Duma including measures to cut corporate taxes and introduce a single value-added tax of 20%. The package, Western financial experts warned, is long on generalities, short on implementation. The Duma, however, has other ideas. Sergei Baburin, the
18、 Communist vice speaker, denounced the proposed laws as “lethal medicine cooked up by vengeful Western economists.“ Some optimists are looking to the long term. “We ve been able to get more cuts out of this new government,“ muses one IMF official in private, “than we did from the Chernomyrdin govern
19、ment in the last three years.“ But in the short term, the crisis threatens to consume everything in its path. Among those clamoring loudest for a bailout are the Western bankers who find themselves embarrassingly exposed. Of Russia s $ 72.2 billion in outstanding loans, German banks alone hold $ 30.
20、5 billion. At home, the so-called oligarchs are also running scared. With the conflagration encroaching, they have put aside personal rivalry to form a “cooperation council“ to advise Kiriyenko. But Yeltsin has yet to give his blessing to this “shadow cabinet.“ Although there have been no runs on Ru
21、ssian banks so far, there are reasons to fear a panic: the stock market has plunged by 63% since January; Russias debt pyramid of compounding treasury bills has grown dangerously; interest rates hover above 80%; while more than a third of the budget goes to service the governments burgeoning debt. I
22、n July, Russia will have to pay out $ 6.5 billion to redeem maturing loans, while cash reserves have sunk to $ 11.5 billion. The government is finding it difficult to raise new funds and has had to cancel its latest treasury bill auctions. “No one believes in this paper,“ says the head of one of Rus
23、sias largest banks. Those fretting the loudest may be the foreigners-the fund managers and deal makers who rail against the “fools in Washington“ who tend to Asia s woes while ignoring Russia s. They warn darkly of the danger of “losing Russia.“ Without help from abroad, they claim, the pro-reform K
24、iriyenko cabinet will fall and in the post-crash wake a “nationalist-patriot will rise. A dark scenario, but one taken seriously of late. As a senior IMF official, whod love to see Western governments give large loans to Russia, puts it: “No doubt about it, a bailout is expensive, but it s our cheap
25、est insurance policy.“ Maybe, but just the premiums on such a policy could prove extortionate. 2 Privatization of the banking system makes devaluation unnecessary. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Devaluation will cause the crash of the banking system. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 If theres a devaluation, the Rus
26、sian banks will afford to pay off the massive, amount of future obligations. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 The crisis has reduced Russias financial elites economic benefits. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 The writer compare President Yeltsin to a king by using the words “private audience“ and “subjects“. （ A） Y
27、（ B） N （ C） NG 7 Yeltsins envoy to the IMF talks show Russia will get more help from the INF. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 The sales of banks to foreigners will cause a panic. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 To counter the coming economic crisis, many are expecting to seek help from_. 10 To pay the debts which a
28、re due in July, Russia will have to pay out a sum of_. 11 The foreigners who advocate to give large loans to Russia are the_ Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about
29、 what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） His job was very interesting. （ B） He didnt like the job. （ C）
30、 His job was easy to do. （ D） He was satisfied with his job. （ A） Most pilots dont want to settle down. （ B） Most pilots dont really have families. （ C） He doesnt want to get married. （ D） He doesnt want to go home. （ A） She is going to a lecture. （ B） She is going to the theater. （ C） She is going
31、to see the performance （ D） She is going to the East Auditorium. （ A） They will give a ride to David. （ B） Davids car was repaired just now. （ C） Davids car will be ready tonight. （ D） David cant do what he has promised. （ A） Interviewer and interviewee. （ B） Teacher and student. （ C） Boss and secre
32、tary. （ D） Husband and wife. （ A） A lot of men have interesting jobs. （ B） A lot of men have equally boring jobs. （ C） A lot of men have freedom to their jobs. （ D） A lot of men think that to be a housewife is easy. （ A） It makes Carol look older than she really is. （ B） It makes Carol look younger
33、than she really is. （ C） It makes Carol look better than she looks in person. （ D） It looks exactly like Cresol. （ A） Helen prefers shopping to working. （ B） Helen prefers working to staying home. （ C） Helen has much work to do. （ D） Helen dislikes to go shopping. （ A） He has a cold. （ B） He has the
34、 flu. （ C） He has a stomachache. （ D） He had a headache. （ A） It works quite well. （ B） It seems helpless. （ C） It helps to get rid of bad colds. （ D） It helps to get rid of the fever. （ A） She suggests that he should go to see the doctor again. （ B） She suggests that he should have more rest. （ C）
35、She suggests that he should dance with her. （ D） She suggests that he should take some herbal tea. （ A） A customer. （ B） A travel agent. （ C） A bank clerk. （ D） A passenger. （ A） To go sightseeing. （ B） To attend a conference. （ C） To visit a friend. （ D） To go to college. （ A） 1,104. （ B） 1,004. （
36、C） 1,204. （ D） 1,304. （ A） At a television studio. （ B） On a radio program. （ C） In a job interview. （ D） In a factory. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken o
37、nly once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） The great numbers of people engaged in cigarette producing. （ B） The rapid development of cigarette-making machine. （ C） The rapid development of cigarette-making factories. （ D） The
38、 increasing output of tobacco. （ A） Forty-three. （ B） Thirty-one. （ C） Seventy-five. （ D） Forty-six. （ A） Income, years of schooling, and job type. （ B） Income and work environment. （ C） Education and mood. （ D） Occupation and influence of family members, （ A） Under 18. （ B） Under 16. （ C） Over 19.
39、（ D） Under 1 （ A） In a registry office. （ B） In a church. （ C） By a public announcement. （ D） Secretly with the company of two passers-by. （ A） Look carefully before one jumps. （ B） Think carefully before one makes any decision. （ C） Think carefully before they make the decision to get married. （ D）
40、 Take longer time to make up ones mind to divorce. （ A） The Arctic coast. （ B） The west coast. （ C） The east coast. （ D） The central plain. （ A） Ten-month frost. （ B） Modification. （ C） Humidity. （ D） No summer. （ A） The west coast. （ B） The Arctic coast. （ C） Southern Ontario. （ D） Atlantic Canada.
41、 （ A） Cold and dry. （ B） Humidity mid heat. （ C） Light rain. （ D） Variation. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you ar
42、e required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 You know you need to
43、eat nutritious foods, exercise and even play safe to stay physically healthy. But, sleep for physical【 B1】 _How can that be an essential part of physical fitness? Sleep is【 B2】 _important for your health and safety. You need to get enough sleep as well in order for your brain to work【 B3】 _. Did you
44、 know that sixty percent of adults in our country have sleep problems? Thats definitely not an【 B4】_statistic. Have you ever heard of the term sleep deprivation? That term means lack of sleep. If sleep deprivation occurs for a lengthy time, many【 B5】 _things may happen. Sleep deprivation can make li
45、fe seem more【 B6】 _and therefore makes it more difficult for the person to deal on a day-to-day basis. Sleep deprivation increases the【 B7】 _that a person will get sick be cause it【 B8】 _the bodys ability to fight infections. Finally,【 B9】 _So how much sleep is enough? Well, it depends on the person
46、.【 B10】 _The average teenager needs a little more than 9 hours. Changes in a teenagers body are tile reason for this. Their body clock is delayed during this time of great change and they naturally want to go to sleep later at night and therefore wake up later.【 B11】 _, so they need to work on gradu
47、ally adjusting their sleeping patterns. 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a
48、 word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 4
49、7 Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives【 S1】 _in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our possibility to give and【 S2】 _support from one another under stressful conditions. Social support makes up of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to【 S3】 _
