1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 477及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How Are Students Doing Exercises. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 描述下列图表所表达的信息 2.
2、然后谈谈你对此现象的看法 How Are Students Doing Exercises 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statemen
3、t agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 The Ancient Greek Olympics Todays Olympic Games are based on what took place at Olympia, in Greece, n
4、early three millennia ago. What were the ancient Olympics like, and how different were they from those of modern times? Origins Traditionally it has always been said that the Games started at Olympia in 776 BC, about the time that Homer was born. But for several centuries before that date Olympia ha
5、d been a cult(祭祀仪式 ) site for the worship of Zeus, a numinous (精神上的 ) location away from human dwellings, overlooked by a hill, with the sacred River Alph flowing through it. What was it that caused people to change from honouring Zeus solely with dedicatory offerings, to honouring him through athle
6、tics? Several factors seem to have been involved. One is the rise of the Greek polls(城邦 ), or city-state. As city-states in different locations grew, each wanted a means of asserting its supremacy, so would send representatives to Olympia to become supreme in physical competition. Connected with thi
7、s is the development of military training. The Games were an attractive means of getting men fit. Another factor is the traditional Greek view that the gods championed a winner, so by establishing a competition aimed at producing supreme winners, they were thereby asserting the power and influence o
8、n humans of the supreme god, Zeus. Earliest Races For the first 13 Olympics there was only one event, the stadium race, which was a running race up one length of the stadium. How long this race was is a matter for conjecture(猜想 ), as the ancient stadium, 192 meters long, visible at Olympia now, did
9、not exist then. Boxing, wrestling, and the pancration (the all-power race, combining all types of physical attack) soon followed, along with the pentathlon (五项全能 ), and horse-and-chariot racing. A race while wearing armour was introduced in 520 BC, and even a mule race ( in 500 BC, but it was not ge
10、nerally popular). Religion and Politics Religion pervaded the ancient Olympics. Zeus was thought to look down on the competitors, favouring some and denying victory to others. You could spur on a man with natural talent to strive to wards great glory with the help of the gods, says Pindar in a victo
11、ry-ode. If an athlete was fined for cheating or bribery (human nature stays much the same over a few millennia) , the money exacted was used to make a cult statue of Zeus. A grand sacrifice of 100 oxen was made to Zeus during the Games. Olympia was home to one of Greeces great oracles, an oracle to
12、Zeus, with an altar to him consisting of the bonfire-heap created by burnt sacrificial offerings. As the offerings were burnt, they were examined by a priest, who pronounced an oracle - an enigmatic and often ambiguous prediction of the future - according to his interpretation of what he saw. Some a
13、thletes consulted the oracle to learn what their chances in the Games were. The Greeks tried to keep some aspects of politics out of the Olympics, but their efforts met then, as such efforts do now, with limited success. The Olympic truce was meant to lead to a cessation of hostilities throughout Gr
14、eece, to allow competitors to travel and participate safely, but it was not al ways observed. And it is clear from the victory odes of Pindar and Bacchylides that the Sicilian tyrants in the fifth century aimed to strengthen their grip on affairs by competing in the equestrian events at the Games, a
15、nd by commissioning famous poets to compose and publicly perform odes celebrating their victories. Nakedness and Women Sow naked, plough naked, harvest naked, the poet Hesiod ( a contemporary of Homer) advises. He might have added compete in the Games naked , for that is usually understood to be the
16、 standard practice among the ancient Greeks. Some dispute this, for although the visual evidence for it - the painted decorations on vases - generally shows athletes performing naked, all sorts of other people (e. g. soldiers departing for war, which they would presumably have done clothed) are also
17、 shown unclad. Also, some vases do show runners and boxers wearing loin-cloths, and Thucydides says that athletes stopped wearing such garments only shortly before his time. Another argument is that it must have been impractical to compete naked. On balance, however, it is generally thought probable
18、 that male athletes were naked when competing at the Games. Women did not participate at the main Olympic festival. They had their own Games, in honour of Hera, where the sole event was a run of five-sixths of the length of the stadium - which would have preserved in male opinion the inferior status
19、 of women. Whether women could even watch the festival is disputed. Unmarried virgins, not soiled by sex or motherhood and thus maintaining the religious purity of the occasion, probably could. Festivals (and, for example, funerals) were among the limited occasions when women, especially virgins, or
20、 parthenoi, had a public role. At the Games unmarried girls, besides helping with the running of the festival, may have taken the opportunity to find a fit future husband. Athletics Fans and Haters Not all Greeks admired athletes. It isnt right to judge strength as better than good wisdom, writes Xe
21、nophanes (sixth to fifth century BC). Just because someone has won an Olympic victory, he says, they wont improve the city. The tragedian Euripides expressed similar sentiments in his play Autolycus, now only surviving in fragments. In it he describes how athletes are slaves to their stomachs, but t
22、hey cant look after themselves, and although they glisten like statues when in their prime, become like tattered old car pets in old age. Galen, physician and polymath of the first century AD, also attacked athletics as un natural and excessive. He thought that athletes eat too much, sleep too much
23、and put their bodies through too much. But in the end the detractors of athletics lost out to the sympathisers. The person who most idealised tile Olympics was Pindar, from Thebes, midway between Delphi and Athens. Pindar composed odes for victors at the Olympic and other Games in the fifth century
24、BC, comparing their achievements to those of the great heroes of the past - such as Heracles or Achilles - thus raising them to an almost divine level. He thought that, though mortals, their superhuman feats of strength had temporarily elevated them to another realm and given them a taste of incompa
25、rable bliss. For the rest of his life the victor enjoys a honey-sweet calm, he writes. For Pindar, the Olympics stood out among the Games. Water is best; gold like fire that is burning during the night is conspicuous outshining great wealth; but if, my heart, you desire song to celebrate the Games,
26、look no further than the sun for an other radiant star hotter in the empty day-time sky, nor let us proclaim a contest better than Olympia. 2 The earliest Olympic Games started 3,000 years ago at Olympia. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 The original purpose of Olympia is to be used as a playground for choos
27、ing the best athletes. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 The original running race is about 12 meters long. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 There is a fine for those who cheat in the Games. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 Good athletes would not consult the oracle to know if they will win or not. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 The
28、Greeks managed to get politics out of the Olympics. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 Women could neither participate nor watch at the main Olympic Festival. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 Xenophanes considered that it wasnt right to judge strength as better than _. 10 Galen attacked athletics as _. 11 Pindar admire
29、s victors greatly, raising them to an almost _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only o
30、nce. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） She didnt like accountancy. （ B） She liked accountancy very much. （ C） She was no good at doing business. （ D） She didnt like working in a
31、large company. （ A） He wanted Cathy to come, but he couldnt. （ B） He invited Cathy to the party. （ C） He didnt invite Cathy to the party. （ D） He couldnt invite Cathy because he was not the holder. （ A） Talk to Mr. Miller. （ B） Type some letters. （ C） Help the man. （ D） Go home. （ A） He will drink c
32、offee after the discussion. （ B） He will have coffee later. （ C） He will have a coffee break at once. （ D） He will wait a while before the discussion. （ A） It makes Susan look younger than she really is. （ B） It makes Susan look older than she really is. （ C） It makes Susan look better than she look
33、s in person. （ D） It looks exactly like Susan. （ A） He believes what the announcer says. （ B） He thinks that the announcer is very good at her work. （ C） He does not have a good opinion of the announcer. （ D） He thinks that they should do what the announcer says. （ A） The repairmans phone was not wo
34、rking. （ B） Her phone wasnt working. （ C） She couldnt wait at home. （ D） Her husband wasnt at home. （ A） He will have a talk with the woman. （ B） He will go home now. （ C） He will go to the library. （ D） He will read the book for the woman. （ A） To a park. （ B） To a movie theater. （ C） To a musical.
35、 （ D） To a museum. （ A） In five minutes. （ B） In ten minutes. （ C） In fifteen minutes. （ D） In twenty minutes. （ A） To a party. （ B） To a restaurant. （ C） To a play. （ D） To a business meeting. （ A） A taxi driver. （ B） A bus driver. （ C） A truck driver. （ D） A passenger. （ A） She is having a heart a
36、ttack. （ B） She was hurt in an accident. （ C） She is having a baby, （ D） She is dying. （ A） On the freeway. （ B） Downtown in traffic. （ C） In the airport parking lot. （ D） In a busy street. （ A） Help the woman breath easier. （ B） Keep the lady passenger calm and warm. （ C） Put something soft under t
37、he womans head. （ D） Give her some water. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the
38、four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） 4,000 years ago. （ B） 3,000 years ago. （ C） 2,000 years ago. （ D） 1,000 years ago. （ A） The small bowl was put above the large bowl. （ B） The large bowl was put above the small bowl. （ C） The small bowl was put inside the large bowl. （ D） The large bowl consis
39、ted of two equal parts. （ A） Horsemen. （ B） Brass doors. （ C） Drops of water. （ D） Metal balls. （ A） They are the most attractive women in Britain. （ B） They are the most popular film stars. （ C） They are the first women news announcers on British television. （ D） They appear almost every night in T
40、V plays. （ A） At l0 in the evening. （ B） At 9 in the evening. （ C） At 9 in the morning. （ D） At 10 in the morning. （ A） People still talk a lot about it. （ B） Fewer people watched Susans programme from then on. （ C） Annas photographs appeared frequently in newspapers. （ D） The number of viewers of h
41、er programme that day increased by millions. （ A） For protection against other animals. （ B） For protection against other dogs. （ C） Just for fun. （ D） For the purpose of guarding the house. （ A） Because they did not eat other animals. （ B） Because they were useful for protection. （ C） Because they
42、were good hunters. （ D） Because they always obeyed their masters. （ A） For companionship. （ B） For amusement. （ C） For protection against robbery. （ D） For hunting. （ A） The city can be a lonely place. （ B） Life in the West can be very dangerous. （ C） People in the West are fond of animals. （ D） The
43、 dog is a useful and friendly animal. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks number
44、ed from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Some years ago, an American policeman found a woman lying ne
45、ar a lonely road. She did not appear to have had an【 B1】 _. But she was【 B2】 _and clearly in a state of shock. So he【 B3】 _her to the nearest hospital. She began to tell the doctor on duty the story which was astonishing and【 B4】 _. She had been driving along a country road when she had been stopped
46、 by a flying saucer landing in front of her. She had been forced to leave the car and enter the flying saucer by【 B5】 _which looked like human beings and which could easily make themselves understood although they could not speak. It was as though they could read her thoughts and she could read thei
47、rs. They【 B6】 _her politely and allowed her to leave after carrying out a number of tests on her. As she otherwise seems to be【 B7】 _, the doctor decided that she was probably【 B8】 _from the side effects of some drug. The woman insisted on being allowed to go home.【 B9】 _. The police then started to
48、 make inquiries and soon discovered that there was already a search going on for the woman, whose husband had reported that she had disappeared.【 B10】 _. In front of the car, the surface of the road had been completely destroyed not by an explosion or anything of that kind,【 B11】 _ 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】
49、 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. 47 Hard work has been an important part of the American belief from the nations beginning. The American idea that hard work was to be esteemed
