1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 693及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Diligence Helps to Achieve Success by commenting on the famous saying, “ Genius is 99% perspiration and 1% inspiration. “ You should write at least 120 words but no more th
2、an 180 words. Diligence Helps to Achieve Success 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the state
3、ment agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 The Gulf Between College Students and Librarians Students rarely ask librarians for help, even whe
4、n they need it. This is one of the sobering truths the librarians have learned over the course of a two-year, five-campus ethnographic (人种学的 ) study examining how students view and use their campus libraries. The idea of a librarian as an academic expert who is available to talk about assignments an
5、d hold their hands through the research process is, in fact, foreign to most students. Those who even have the word “librarian“ in their vocabularies often think library staff are only good for pointing to different sections of the stacks. The ERIAL (Ethnographic Research in Illinois Academic librar
6、ies) project contains a series of studies conducted at Illinois Wesleyan, DePaul University, and Northeastern Illinois University, and the University of Illinoiss Chicago and Springfield campuses. Instead of relying on surveys, the libraries included two anthropologists (人类学者 ), along with their own
7、 staff members, to collect data using open-ended interviews and direct observation, among other methods. The goal was to generate data that, rather than being statistically significant yet shallow, would provide deep, subjective accounts of what students, librarians and professors think of the libra
8、ry and each other at those five institutions. Exploding the “Myth of the Digital Native“ The most alarming finding in the ERIAL studies was perhaps the most predictable: when it comes to finding and evaluating sources in the Internet age, students are extremely Internet-dependent. Only 7 out of 30 s
9、tudents whom anthropologists observed at Illinois Wesleyan “ conducted what a librarian might consider a reasonably well-executed search,“ wrote Duke and Andrew Asher, an anthropology professor at Bucknell University, who led the project. Throughout the interviews, students mentioned Google 115 time
10、smore than twice as many times as any other database. The prevalence of Google in student research is well-documented, but the Illinois researchers found something they did not expect: students were not very good at using Google. They were basically clueless about the logic underlying how the search
11、 engine organizes and displays its results. Consequently, the students did not know how to build a search that would return good sources. “I think it really exploded this myth of the digital native, “ Asher said. “Just because youve grown up searching things in Google doesnt mean you know how to use
12、 Google as a good research tool. “ Even when students turned to more scholarly resources, it did not necessarily solve the problem. Many seemed confused about where in the constellation (云集 ) of library databases they should turn to locate sources for their particular research topic: Half wound up m
13、isusing databases a librarian “ would most likely never recommend for their topic.“ For example, “Students regularly used JSTOR, the second-most frequently mentioned database in student interviews, to try to find current research on a topic, not realizing that JSTOR does not provide access to the mo
14、st recently published articles. “ Unsurprisingly, students using this method got either too many search results or too few. Frequently, students would be so discouraged they would change their research topic to something that requires a simple search. “Many students described experiences of anxiety
15、and confusion when looking for resourcesan observation that seems to be widespread among students at the five institutions involved in this study,“ Duke and Asher wrote. There was just one problem, Duke and Asher noted: “ Students showed an almost complete lack of interest in seeking assistance from
16、 librarians during the search process. “ Of all the students they observedmany of whom struggled to find good sources, to the point of despairnot one asked a librarian for help. In a separate study of students at DePaul, Illinois-Chicago, and Northeastern Illinois, other ERIAL researchers deduced se
17、veral possible reasons for this. The most basic was that students were just as unaware of the extent of their own information illiteracy as everyone else. Some others overestimated their ability or knowledge. Another possible reason was that students seek help from sources they know and trust, and t
18、hey do not know librarians. Many do not even know what the librarians are there for. Other students imagined librarians to have more research-oriented knowledge of the library but still thought of them as glorified ushers. Influence of Professors and Librarians However, the researchers did not place
19、 the blame solely on students. Librarians and professors are also partially to blame for the gulf that has opened between students and the library employees who are supposed to help them, the ERIAL researchers say. Instead of librarians, whose relationship to any given student is typically ill-defin
20、ed, students seeking help often turn to a more logical source: the person who gave them the assignmentand who, ultimately, will be grading their work. Because librarians hold little sway with students, they can do only so much to reshape students habits. They need professors help. Unfortunately, fac
21、ulty may have low expectations for librarians, and consequently students may not be connected to librarians or see why working with librarians may be helpful. On the other hand, librarians tend to overestimate the research skills of some of their students, which can result in interactions that leave
22、 students feeling intimidated and alienated (疏远的 ). Some professors make similar assumptions, and fail to require that their students visit with a librarian before carrying on research projects. And both professors and librarians are liable to project an idealistic view of the research process onto
23、students who often are not willing or able to fulfill it. By financial necessity, many of todays students have limited time to devote to their research. Showing students the pool and then shoving them into the deep end is more likely to foster despair than self-reliance. Now more than ever, academic
24、 librarians should seek to “save time for the reader“. Before they can do that, of course, they will have to actually get students to ask for help. “That means understanding why students are not asking for help and knowing what kind of help they need,“ say the librarians. “This study has changed, pr
25、ofoundly, how I see my role at the university and my understanding of who our students are,“ says Lynda Duke, an academic librarian at Illinois Wesleyan. “ Its been life-changing, truly. “ 2 What have the librarians learned from a two-year five-campus ethnographic study? （ A） Library computers are f
26、requently hacked. （ B） Students rarely turn to librarians for help. （ C） Rare collection books are often destroyed. （ D） Important book pages are often torn down. 3 What is the special research method used in the ERIAL project? （ A） Open-ended interviews and direct observation. （ B） Detailed survey
27、questions and phone interview. （ C） Computer analysis and data accumulation. （ D） Repeated experiments and result comparison. 4 What is the most alarming finding in the ERIAL studies? （ A） Students ignorance of library resources. （ B） Students prejudice against the librarians. （ C） Students heavy re
28、liance on the Internet. （ D） Students poor command of search engines. 5 What finding fell out of the expectation of the Illinois researchers? （ A） Google was the most frequently mentioned database. （ B） Many students thought little of Google. （ C） Google was students only choice. （ D） Students did b
29、ad in using Google. 6 According to the researchers, what is the problem with JSTOR? （ A） Some of its articles are charged. （ B） It doesnt offer the newest articles. （ C） Its download speed is not stable. （ D） It contains misleading information. 7 When searching for resources, many students have expe
30、rienced the feeling of_. （ A） helplessness and despair （ B） anxiety and confusion （ C） happiness and excitement （ D） comfort and satisfaction 8 According to the separate study, why dont students ask librarians for help? （ A） They dont realize their information inadequacy. （ B） They feel ashamed to a
31、sk questions in the library. （ C） They consider the librarians as book keepers. （ D） They dont like depending on the guidance. 9 As to the gap between students and library employees, besides students, _should also be blamed. 10 The faculty fail to connect students to librarians, because they have_.
32、11 Before librarians can realize the goal of “saving time for the reader“ , they first should get students to_. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was sai
33、d. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） How to hold weights firmly. （ B） When to exercise arms. （ C） Way to do push
34、-ups. （ D） How to do some exercises. （ A） She plans the wedding until the last minutes. （ B） She hasnt got a wedding dress yet. （ C） She has just started organizing the wedding. （ D） She has got everything ready. （ A） Make a call to David at once. （ B） Have argument with close friends. （ C） Dont be
35、mad with David. （ D） Go to make peace with David. （ A） Buy plenty of food and snacks. （ B） Attend a party at Elenas home. （ C） Have some fun with Elenas neighbors. （ D） Make some noise at Elenas neighbors house （ A） Get some service from an ATM. （ B） Buy something from a vending machine. （ C） Buy th
36、e machine that she is using. （ D） Withdraw some money for the man. （ A） People could send money in post offices years ago. （ B） People cant send mails in post offices now. （ C） Post offices are offering more and more service. （ D） Post offices have become banks. （ A） The rising price structure shoul
37、d be controlled. （ B） Raw material costs more than labors high wages. （ C） The economic news always doesnt look good. （ D） Production should be increased to cut the costs. （ A） The traditional communication is fast and convenient. （ B） The traditional communication will disappear. （ C） The telecommu
38、nication will have the upper hand. （ D） The cellphone will take the place of letters. （ A） The girl fails to play in the tournament. （ B） The girl will miss classes for one week. （ C） The girl gets a bad mark in her studies. （ D） The girl will suffer from hard practice. （ A） Teach her in advance. （
39、B） Advise the learning way. （ C） Talk about the final exam. （ D） Propose learning schedule. （ A） To get the information of missing classes. （ B） To set practice time for the tournament. （ C） To know the schedule of the tournament. （ D） To fix learning time for every subject. （ A） A summer holiday sh
40、es been longing for. （ B） A research project that might interest her. （ C） A job she will take after graduation. （ D） A graduation speech shes going to deliver. （ A） They are being well protected by humans. （ B） They are offered more food by tourists. （ C） They are physically adapted to the harsh wi
41、nter. （ D） They are enabled by the paths to find more food. （ A） They may attack human beings in the farm. （ B） They caused abortion of farm animals. （ C） They destroy the farm crops. （ D） They have valuable furs and meat. （ A） Because she is well-informed with red foxes. （ B） Because she once visit
42、ed the red fox national park. （ C） Because she majors in animal disease prevention. （ D） Because shes been conducting relevant researches. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questio
43、ns will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） The longest street in the world. （ B） An advertisement on TV. （ C） A place of interest. （ D） A TV program. （ A） Children have learned a lot from watching it. （ B）
44、It is very popular around the world because it is funny. （ C） Only American children like watching it. （ D） Teachers dont think it is helpful to children. （ A） Educational ideas of its creators. （ B） Creation in TV tricks. （ C） Motivating children to learn more. （ D） Popular stars liked by children.
45、 （ A） Their roots are unknown to us. （ B） They came from France and Great Britain. （ C） They came from European countries. （ D） They came from America. （ A） To welcome the kings arrival. （ B） To harvest more foods. （ C） To help the king walk through their countryside. （ D） To avoid their lands being
46、 destroyed by the kings roads. （ A） By pulling down the fence. （ B） By accepting the punishment. （ C） By pretending to be mad. （ D） By overthrowing the kings rule. （ A） Their lifestyle and culture. （ B） Their mood and condition. （ C） The dining environment. （ D） The amount of working time. （ A） The
47、bad environment of restaurants. （ B） The wide access to unhealthy foods. （ C） Promotion of unprocessed food products. （ D） Lack of regular physical examination. （ A） Remove food labels. （ B） Eat foods high in fiber. （ C） Look for foods high in salt. （ D） Weigh yourself every day. （ A） They become mo
48、re upset and worried. （ B） They watch their health more carefully. （ C） They are likely to intake more calories. （ D） They tend to eat some junk foods. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully
49、 for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Youve been working out regularly for quite a while, but youre nowhere near your fitness goals. So now its time to bring your【 B1】 _weapon in your
