1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 795及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Building a Good Teacher-Student Relationship 1. 良好的师生关系是教学成功的根本保障。 2. 以个人经历举例说明良好的师生关系是双方共同努力的结果。 3. 如何对待师生可能存在的误解。 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go ove
2、r the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not g
3、iven in the passage. 1 AIDS Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), is a kind of human viral disease (病毒病 ) that damages the immune system, weakening the bodys ability to defend itself from infection and disease. Caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), AIDS leaves an infected person vul
4、nerable to opportunistic infections. Such infections are harmless in healthy people, but in those whose immune systems have been greatly weakened, they can prove fatal. Although there is no cure for AIDS, new drugs are available that can lengthen the life spans and improve the quality of life of inf
5、ected people. Infection with HIV does not necessarily mean that a person has AIDS. Some people who have HIV infection may not develop any of the clinical illnesses that define the disease of AIDS for ten years or more. Physicians prefer to use the term AIDS for cases where a person has reached the f
6、inal, life threatening stage of H1V infection. AIDS was first identified in 1981 among homosexual (同性恋 ) men and drug users in New York and California. Shortly after its detection in the United States, evidence of AIDS epidemics (流行 ) grew among heterosexual (异性恋 ) men, women, and children in Africa
7、. AIDS quickly developed into a worldwide epidemic, affecting virtually every nation. By 2002 an estimated 38.6 million adults and 3.2 million children worldwide were living with HIV infection or AIDS. The World Health Organization (WHO), a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN), estimates th
8、at from 1981 to the end of 2002 about 20 million people died as a result of AIDS. About 4.5 million of those who died were children under the age of 15. North America In the United States about 40,000 new HIV infections occur each year. More than 30 percent of these infectious occur in women, and 60
9、 percent occur in ethnic minorities. In 2001 mere than 800,000 U.S. residents were infected with HIV, and more than 300,000 people were living with full-blown (全面的 ) AIDS. In Canada about 4,200 new HIV infectious occur each year. Nearly 25 percent of these infections occur in women. In 2002 about 55
10、,000 Canadians were living with HIV infection and about 18,000 people were living with full-blown AIDS. The incidence of new cases of HW infections and AIDS deaths has significantly decreased in Canada and the United States since 1995. This decrease is attributed to the availability of new drug trea
11、tments and public health programs that target people most at risk for infection. But while the overall rate of HIV infection seems to be on a downturn (低迷时期 ), certain populations appear to be at greater risk for the disease. In the United States in 1987, Caucasians (白种人 ) accounted for 60 percent o
12、f AIDS cases and blacks and Hispanics only 39 percent. But by 2000 the trend had reversed: 26 percent of new eases were diagnosed in Caucasians and 73 percent in blacks and Hispanics. Likewise the number of female AIDS patients in the United States has increased significantly in recent years, from 7
13、 percent of all AIDS cases in 1985 to 30 percent in 2000. In the United States, African American and Hispanic women accounted for 82 percent of AIDS cases among women in 2000. Europe In western Europe the first cases of AIDS were detected in the early 1980s, and by the late 1990s, at least 30,000 ne
14、w HIV infections occurred each year. In 2002 about 570,000 western Europeans were HIV positive, and 25 percent of these cases were women. Before the dissolution (解散 ) of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (US.SR) in 1991, eastern Europe reported few HIV cases. But since 1995, HIV infection has
15、spread rapidly in cities of several eastern European countries. The WHO estimates that the total number of HIV infections in this region may have risen from less than 30,000 in 1995 to about 1 million in 2002. Developing Nations While eases of AIDS have been reported in every nation of the world, th
16、e disease affects some countries more than others. More than 95 percent of all HIV-infected people live in the developing world. In these areas, the disease has infected the populations of young men and women who form the foundation of the labor force. Most die while in the peak of their reproductiv
17、e years. Moreover, the epidemic has overwhelmed health-care systems, increased the number of orphans, and caused life expectancy rates to fall. These problems have reached crisis proportions in some parts of the world already burdened by war, political disorder, or creel poverty. Nowhere is this bet
18、ter demonstrated than in sub-Saharan Africa, where the number of AIDS cases far exceeds that of all other geographic regions. Of the estimated 14,000 HIV infections that occur each day worldwide, about half of these infections occur in sub-Saharan Africa. About 70 percent of all people infected with
19、 HIV live in this region. In some countries in the southern part of the continent, including Botswana, Lesotho, Swaziland, and Zimbabwe, mare than 30 percent of the population has HW infection or AIDS. In Asia and the Pacific Islands an estimated 7.2 million people were living with HIV infection by
20、2002. Health officials fear that as the virus spreads through China and India, the worlds two most populous countries, cases of HIV infection in this region may surge up to 25 million cases by the year 2010, dwarfing (相形之下使矮小 ) the problems seen in sub-Saharan Africa. In 2002 the Chinese government
21、reported that China had about 1 million HIV-positive people in a population of more than 1 billion. However, public health experts are concerned by the fast-rising number of new infections among drug users who share infected needles. The incidence of HIV infection will likely be worsened by the grow
22、ing sex industry in China. In rural areas of China the incidence of HIV infection is rising because many poverty-stricken people regularly sell their blood. The people who buy the blood use reusing dirty needles, which can spread HIV infection. 2 Because the disease of AIDS damages the immune system
23、 of a person, the person has less ability to defend himself from infection and disease. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Opportunistic infections are harmful to all the people. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 Only by curing AIDS can people lengthen their life spans and improve the quality of life. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C）
24、 NG 5 Only when a person has reached the final, life-threatening stage of HIV infection, we use the term AIDS. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 AIDS was first identified in 1981 among homosexual men and drug users in western Europe. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 The decrease of new cases of HIV infections and AIDS
25、 deaths in Canada and the United States since 1995 is not only attributed to the availability of new drug treatments and public health programs but also the law to ban sex industry. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 Caucasians and Hispanic women accounted for 82 percent of AIDS cases among women in 2000. （ A）
26、 Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 The number of AIDS cases in _, far exceeds that of all other geographic regions. 10 The incidence of HIV infection will likely be worsened by _ in China. 11 In rural areas of China the incidence of HIV infection is rising because poor people regularly _. Section A Directions: In
27、this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you mus
28、t read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） A shop assistant. （ B） A telephone operator. （ C） A waiter. （ D） A postal clerk. （ A） She doesnt want to lend it out and wont. （ B） She will lend it next time but not now. （ C） She remembers the last time she len
29、t it to him. （ D） She will lend it this time, but never again. （ A） She is full. （ B） She has problems digesting apples. （ C） She is afraid there arent enough apples. （ D） She just wants a small one. （ A） Food processing. （ B） Environmental protection. （ C） Shopping habits. （ D） Over-packaging probl
30、ems. （ A） They help people save time on housework. （ B） They go into the garbage heap. （ C） They are harmful to the environment. （ D） They make products more expensive. （ A） Take their bags to the grocery store. （ B） Buy things that are over-packaged. （ C） Not buy cloth towels. （ D） Not throw away t
31、heir cloth towel. （ A） Teacher and student （ B） Employer and employee （ C） Friends （ D） Classmates （ A） In a hospital （ B） In Joan s office （ C） In Mr. Sherwins office （ D） At home （ A） To ask for a few days off （ B） To talk about her daughter. （ C） To send her husband to hospital. （ D） She isnt sat
32、isfy with her job. （ A） Tomorrow （ B） The day after tomorrow （ C） In a few days. （ D） Friday Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a
33、question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） An official of the UN. （ B） A coffee shop owner. （ C） A friend of the speaker. （ D） Alexs friend from California. （ A） In Africa. （ B） In Chicago. （ C） In Washington. （ D） In California. （ A） It is found that
34、people who work at mental jobs experience fewer heart attacks than other people. （ B） It is found that people who work at physical jobs experience fewer heart attacks than other people. （ C） It is found that people who work at heavy jobs experience fewer heart attacks than other people. （ D） It is f
35、ound that people who work at easy jobs experience fewer heart attacks than other people. （ A） Machines can do all the physical work for man. （ B） Machines can do all the mental work for man. （ C） All heavy labor should be replaced by machines. （ D） All heavy labor shouldnt be replaced by machines. （
36、 A） In New York. （ B） In a bank. （ C） Near a prison. （ D） In the countryside. （ A） A policeman. （ B） Mr. Blake s old friend. （ C） A prison official. （ D） A runaway criminal. （ A） At least 14 miles an hour. （ B） At least 40 miles an hour. （ C） At most 40 miles an hour. （ D） At most 14 miles an hour.
37、（ A） Because a police-car followed his. （ B） Because he wanted the man in his car arrested. （ C） Because it grew darker and darker. （ D） Because he wanted to return home earlier. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time,
38、you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these bla
39、nks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 29 A 【 B1】 _of the physical and chemical nature of life must begin; not on the Earth,: but in the Sum In fact, it is. at the Sun% very center. It is here that is to be found the source of the energy that the Sun【 B2】 _pour
40、s out into space as light and heat. This energy is liberated at the center of the Sun as billions upon billions of nuclei of【 B3】 _atoms collide with each other and fuse together to form nuclei of helium(氦 ). And, in doing so, it【 B4】 _some of the energy that is stored in the nuclei of atoms. The ou
41、tput of light and heat of the Sun requires that some 600 million tons of hydrogen be【 B5】 _into helium in the Sun every second. This the Sun has been doing for several thousands of millions of years. The nuclear energy is released at the Suns center as high-energy gamma【 B6】_, a form of electro-magn
42、etic radiation like light and radio waves, only of very much shorter【 B7】 _. This gamma radiation is【 B8】 _by atoms inside the Sun, to be re-emitted at slightly longer wavelengths. This radiation, in its turn, is absorbed and reemitted.【 B9】 _, it passes through the X-ray part of the spectrum(频谱 ),
43、eventually becoming light. At this stage, it has reached what we call the solar surface and can escape into space,【 B10】 _. A very small fraction of the Suns light and heat is emitted in such directions【 B11】 _. 30 【 B1】 31 【 B2】 32 【 B3】 33 【 B4】 34 【 B5】 35 【 B6】 36 【 B7】 37 【 B8】 38 【 B9】 39 【 B1
44、0】 40 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is iden
45、tified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 40 To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too
46、many years ago, most industries concentrated 【 S1】 _ on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on “persuasive salesmanship“ to 【 S2】 _ as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then 【 S3】 _ them into money. Mar
47、keting, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the 【 S4】 _ and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the- consumer approach is known as the marketing 【 S5】_ , which simply means that instead of trying to sell w
48、hatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first 【 S6】 _ to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase. This concept does not imply that business is benevolent or that consumer satisfaction is given 【 S7】 _ over profit in a
49、 company. There are always two sides to every business 【 S8】 _ the firm and the customer and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest 【 S9】 _ to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its dr
