1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 996及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Returning of Traditional Chinese Culture. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1近来社 会上出现国学热 2国学回归的意义 3我们应该怎样做 The Returning of Traditi
2、onal Chinese Culture 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the informa
3、tion given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Preparing for More Expensive Degrees in England Balancing a tight budget is one of the most difficult aspects of being a stude
4、nt. A recent survey from the European Council of Doctoral Candidates and Junior Researchers found that money issues are the most critical concerns for young researchers in Europe, ahead of working conditions, training, and supervision. Starting in 2012, money is likely to become an even more importa
5、nt concern for students as universities in England are allowed to charge undergraduates up to 9 000 per year in tuition fees as a way of dealing with government funding cuts. Thats a nearly threefold increase from the current fees, which are capped at 3 375. The funding cuts are set to affect postgr
6、aduate education, too, with most English universities expected to increase postgraduate tuition to cover any remaining shortfall. Just how severe the changes will be for postgraduates is uncertain, but many experts advise caution. “All universities are trying to encourage students to think more seri
7、ously about how theyre going to manage,“ says Sheila King, financial support coordinator at Cardiff University in Wales. So, what do students need to know about the changes? Details and debt The details are complicated. Universities in Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales will be allowed to raise t
8、uition to the same extent as in England, but in those places the new fees will apply only to students coming from the rest of the United Kingdom. For example, Scottish students do not currently pay tuition and will not be expected to do so after 2012 unless they attend universities in England, Wales
9、, or Northern Ireland. A further inequity is that under EU regulations, universities must charge students from the rest of the European Union the same amount as home students. This means that fees for EU students will be heavily subsidized(补贴 )by universities in Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales
10、(but not England), while English students in these three countries will pay more than EU students attending the same universities. Whatever the tuition bill, full-time undergraduates in England will have to either pay up front or apply for a loan from the government, which they need not begin paying
11、 back until they have completed their degree and are earning more than 21 000 per year. Full-time undergraduates can apply, in addition, for a maintenance loan to contribute to accommodation, food, and travel costs. Part-time students will be able to apply for a tuition loan but not a maintenance lo
12、an. The main concern of career advisers and student-support workers is the substantial debt that most students in England will face after graduation. For a standard 3-year degree charged at 9 000 per year science courses are among the most expensive to run-the average debt from student loans, includ
13、ing maintenance, is expected to be around 43 000. The British Medical Association estimates that medical students could graduate more than 70 000 in debt. The benefits of part-time work One way of dealing with the new financial burden would be to work part time. According to the 2010 Sodexo Universi
14、ty Lifestyle Survey, more than one-quarter of all undergraduate students in the United Kingdom worked part time during their studies that year a percentage that is now expected to rise. For those doing a second undergraduate degree, a job may be the only option, as they will not be eligible for gove
15、rnment loans. Juggling part-time work and studies can be tough but a job or paid internship can have benefits beyond the financial. “There is a recognition and a demand for students to be as employable as possible when they finish their degree, and part of that is gaining relevant work experience,“
16、King says. “My internships helped me during my masters as I had already had 3 months of experience using different equipment and writing a lab book,“ says Mike Stock, who began a Ph. D. in geology this year after doing internships with the Atomic Weapons Establishment, the international oil and natu
17、ral gas company Petro-Canada, and a research assistantship at the University of Southampton. Planning for postgraduate studies Ongoing uncertainty over the impact of the funding cuts means that many universities havent yet set their postgraduate charges for 2012. According to a recent National Surve
18、y of UK Tuition Fees, the average cost of a taught masters degree program across 147 UK higher education institutions rose 24% in just 1 year, from 4 989 in 20102011 to the current 6 184. The fee is expected to increase even more dramatically in 2012. “Ultimately, the decision on postgraduate fees w
19、ill depend on calculations about what they need to do to survive as a university,“ says a University of Southampton Student Services representative who prefers not to be named. In the United Kingdom, approximately 19 000 Ph. D. s are partly or fully funded by the research councils. Universities and
20、industry partners also offer funded postgraduate positions and a range of bursaries(助学金 ), scholarships, and awards. However, many universities are now unsure how many positions they will be able to support in 2012. This could leave some Ph. D. students struggling for funding, since the government d
21、oes not provide loans to support postgraduate study. One view held by careers specialists is that an increasingly competitive job market, paired with difficult economic times, might encourage more students to pursue postgraduate degrees. “If there are fewer funding opportunities available for postgr
22、aduate study and more applicants, each available position will become very competitive,“ says the Southampton University Student Services representative. This makes it all the more important for aspiring postgraduate students to seek funding early, especially if they have financial commitments such
23、as a mortgage(抵押 )or a family. One approach is to apply for funding as broadly as possible. “After my undergraduate degree in mathematics, I was awarded a 4 000 scholarship from the Society for Underwater Technology,“ says Graeme MacGilchrist, who began a Master of Science in oceanography this year.
24、 As UK students brace for tough times, the key message from career advisers and student representatives is that students can ease the situation by starting to plan now. “We cant do anything about the level of fees, but we can do something to help students help themselves,“ King says. 2 University st
25、udents in England will be probably charged higher tuition fees to_. （ A） handle the reduced government funding （ B） cover the rising living expenses （ C） improve their learning environment （ D） gain more internship opportunities 3 What are students encouraged to do in face of postgraduate tuition ch
26、anges according to Sheila King? （ A） To find a job immediately after graduating from college. （ B） To ponder over dealing with the likely rise in tuition fees. （ C） To put off the pursuit of postgraduate education. （ D） To have a rather clear picture of the future career. 4 If a Scottish student wan
27、ts to attend a university in Wales, he will probably pay_. （ A） no tuition fees before 2012 （ B） the same tuition fees as in Scotland （ C） more tuition fees than in Scotland （ D） fewer tuition fees than in Scotland 5 Who can apply for a maintenance loan as well as a tuition loan? （ A） Full-time post
28、graduates. （ B） Part-time postgraduates. （ C） Full-time undergraduates. （ D） Part-time undergraduates. 6 What do career advisers and student-support workers mainly concern? （ A） Students find it hard to afford the high costs of living. （ B） Students have great difficulty in completing their masters
29、degree. （ C） Students may be offered low salary in their first job. （ D） Students will have to bear the huge debt after graduation. 7 The undergraduates who want to pursue a second degree_. （ A） dont have to work part-time （ B） cant apply for government loans （ C） will have a hard time paying back t
30、he loans （ D） are qualified for a maintenance loan 8 What does King say to those who have just finished their degree? （ A） They should land a job as soon as possible. （ B） They need to be careful in getting employed. （ C） They should make learning a lifelong experience. （ D） They need to pay back th
31、e loans as soon as possible. 9 The Southampton University Student Services representative thinks that postgraduate fees will be based on calculations to maintain_. 10 Without loans from the government to postgraduate study, some Ph.D. students have to_ 11 Career advisers and student representatives
32、imply that students can start to plan now in order to_. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoke
33、n only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） She holds an important position. （ B） She likes young people. （ C） She expects to look young. （ D） She is confident of her looks. （
34、 A） She should focus more on study. （ B） She should go out with friends. （ C） She concentrates too much on her schoolwork. （ D） She is very important to her friends. （ A） It gives people something to think about. （ B） It teaches important lessons to children. （ C） It should be removed from every hom
35、e. （ D） It has a bad influence on children. （ A） Improve her energy level. （ B） Eat different foods. （ C） Change her ideas. （ D） Exercise a lot more. （ A） In a book publishing company. （ B） In a car dealers lot. （ C） In the street. （ D） In an agents office. （ A） It gives him a little bit more spare
36、time. （ B） It makes him feel much better when hes at work. （ C） It provides him with a chance to have a new house. （ D） It is a way to express his love to his family. （ A） Work more hours in a day. （ B） Try to do everything all at once. （ C） Only do what is the most important. （ D） Pass her work on
37、to important people. （ A） Because she cares very little about rest. （ B） Because she feels well enough to work on. （ C） Because she has to finish her work first. （ D） Because she loves her job very much. （ A） She attended a training class. （ B） She learned it by herself. （ C） She learned it from a f
38、riend. （ D） She learned it by watching videos. （ A） The constant exercises. （ B） The experienced coacher. （ C） The pleasant study surroundings. （ D） The advanced equipment. （ A） It takes no pains to do. （ B） Its difficult to keep doing it. （ C） Its wonderful and worth it. （ D） It takes so much time.
39、 （ A） Walk the dog. （ B） Clean the house. （ C） Go to the doctors. （ D） Finish her assignment. （ A） 12: 30 p.m. （ B） 2: 00p.m. （ C） 4: 30 p.m. （ D） 5: 30 p.m. （ A） Excited. （ B） Grateful. （ C） Disappointed. （ D） Exhausted. （ A） They cant decide which movie to watch. （ B） Susans mother is going to use
40、 it. （ C） Susans mother is going to ask her to do something else. （ D） The video machine doesnt work. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After yo
41、u hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） To prepare the kids to school. （ B） To prepare the kids to succeed. （ C） To prepare the kids to love and work. （ D） To prepare the kids to be parents. （ A） To talk with them supportively. （ B） To talk
42、 with them seriously. （ C） To set a model for them. （ D） To be strict with them. （ A） To turn to be a single-parent family. （ B） To maintain a two-parent family. （ C） To teach the kids how to work. （ D） To treat the kids with support. （ A） It is useful for developing professional skills. （ B） It hel
43、ps people develop some communication skills. （ C） It helps people develop useful social contacts. （ D） It is necessary for an employee to get promoted. （ A） Through formal job interviews. （ B） Relying on opportunities. （ C） Through their family contacts. （ D） Through their social connections. （ A） M
44、ost women find new jobs through informal recruitment. （ B） Most women find new jobs through formal job search. （ C） Work experience is equally important for men and women. （ D） Most women are less likely to benefit from work experience. （ A） A visit to a prison. （ B） The influence of his father. （ C
45、） A talk with some miserable slaves. （ D） His experience in the war between France and Austria. （ A） He sent surgeons to serve in the army. （ B） He provided soldiers with medical supplies. （ C） He recruited volunteers to care for the wounded. （ D） He helped to flee the prisoners of war. （ A） All men
46、, poor or rich, should be created equal. （ B） The wounded and dying should be treated for free. （ C） A wounded soldier should surrender before he receives treatment. （ D） A suffering person should be entitled to help regardless of race, religion or political beliefs. （ A） To honor Swiss heroes who d
47、ied in the war. （ B） To show Switzerland was neutral. （ C） To pay tribute to Switzerland. （ D） To show gratitude to the Swiss government. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its gener
48、al idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words y
49、ou have just heard or write down the 36 The world is not only hungry, but thirsty for water. That may seem【 B1】 _to you, since nearly 75% of the earths surface is【 B2】 _with water, but about 97% of this【 B3】_amount is sea water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%the fresh water from rivers, lakes, underground, and other【 B4】 _. And we cannot even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of【 B5】 _and glaciers. Even worse, some of it h
