1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 29及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Key to Be Useful following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. 1有些人认为成才的关键是
2、个人能力 2有些人认为成才的关键是外部机遇 3我的观点 The Key to Be Useful Section A （ A） The woman is the managers secretary. （ B） The man found himself in a wrong place. （ C） The man is the managers business associate. （ D） The woman was putting up a sign on the wall. （ A） He needs more time for the report. （ B） He needs h
3、elp to interpret the data. （ C） He is sorry not to have helped the woman. （ D） He does not have sufficient data to go on. （ A） A friend from New York. （ B） A message from Tony. （ C） A postal delivery. （ D） A change in the weather. （ A） She is not available until the end of next week. （ B） She is not
4、 a reliable source of information. （ C） She does not like taking exams. （ D） She does not like psychology. （ A） He will help the woman carry the suitcase. （ B） The womans watch is twenty minutes fast. （ C） The woman shouldnt make such a big fuss. （ D） There is no need for the woman to be in a hurry.
5、 （ A） Mary is not so easygoing as her. （ B） Mary and she have a lot in common. （ C） She finds it hard to get along with Mary. （ D） She does not believe what her neighbors said. （ A） At an information service. （ B） At a car wash point. （ C） At a repair shop. （ D） At a dry cleaners. （ A） The woman cam
6、e to the concert at the mans request. （ B） The man is already fed up with playing the piano. （ C） The piece of music the man played is very popular. （ D） The mans unique talents are the envy of many people. （ A） Touching the head of a child. （ B） Eating food with the left hand. （ C） Receiving a gift
7、 with the right hand. （ D） Using the left hand to shake hands. （ A） Because people think their own behaviors are proper. （ B） Because people treat the same manners differently in different cultures. （ C） Because people often consider other cultures inferior. （ D） Because people dont think about thin
8、gs in the same way. （ A） Learn and respect other cultures. （ B） Spread our cultures to other countries. （ C） Bear cultural differences in mind. （ D） Consider other cultures superior. （ A） There will be no problems in communication. （ B） Culture differences will disappear soon. （ C） People will learn
9、 a foreign culture quickly. （ D） People of different cultures dont vary much. （ A） She likes to go to parties very much. （ B） Shes approachable and sociable. （ C） She cares too much about cleanness. （ D） She likes drama very much. （ A） She behaves as if she were a queen. （ B） She often argues about
10、cleaning apartment. （ C） She likes to make a fuss over small things. （ D） She likes to make deals when doing work. （ A） Those who dont share with others. （ B） Those who throw weight around. （ C） Those who dont work hard. （ D） Those who profit at others expense. Section B （ A） To give customers a wid
11、er range of choices. （ B） To make shoppers see as many items as possible. （ C） To supply as many varieties of goods as it can. （ D） To save space for more profitable products. （ A） On the top shelves. （ B） On the bottom shelves. （ C） On easily accessible shelves. （ D） On clearly marked shelves. （ A）
12、 Many of them buy things on impulse. （ B） A few of them are fathers with babies. （ C） A majority of them are young couples. （ D） Over 60% of them make shopping lists. （ A） Sales assistants promoting high margin goods. （ B） Sales assistants following customers around. （ C） Customers competing for goo
13、d bargains. （ D） Customers losing all sense of time. （ A） Teaching mathematics at a school. （ B） Doing research in an institute. （ C） Studying for a college degree. （ D） Working in a hi-tech company. （ A） He studied the designs of various clocks. （ B） He did experiments on different materials. （ C）
14、He bought an alarm clock with a pig face. （ D） He asked different people for their opinions. （ A） Its automatic mechanism. （ B） Its manufacturing process. （ C） Its way of waking people up. （ D） Its funny-looking pig face. （ A） It is often caused by a change of circumstances. （ B） It actually doesnt
15、require any special treatment. （ C） It usually appears all of a sudden. （ D） It generally lasts for several years. （ A） They cannot mix well with others. （ B） They irrationally annoy their friends. （ C） They depend heavily on family members. （ D） They blame others for ignoring their needs. （ A） They
16、 lack consistent support from peers. （ B） They doubt their own popularity. （ C） They were born psychologically weak. （ D） They focus too much on themselves. Section C 26 The average college student in America spent an estimated $ 700 on textbooks last year. The National Association of College Stores
17、【 B1】 _more than 5 billion dollars in sales of textbooks and course materials. Association spokesman Charles Schmidt says【 B2】 _textbooks now, according to a recent report,【 B3】_just 2% to 3% of sales. But he says that is【 B4】 _to reach 10% to 15% by next year. Online versions are now【 B5】 _many of
18、the most popular college textbooks. E-textbooks can cost half the price of a new print textbook. But students usually lose【 B6】 _after the end of the term. And the books cannot be placed on more than one【 B7】 _, so they are not easy to share. So what do students think of e-textbooks? Administrators
19、at Northwest Missouri State University made an investigation. The students in the survey reported that【 B8】 _the books from the Internet was easy. They liked the idea of carrying lighter backpacks. And 56% said they were better able to find information. But most found that using e-textbooks did not
20、change their study habits. And 60% felt they read more when they were reading on paper. In all, almost half the students said they still liked physical textbooks better. But the survey found that cost could be a big【 B9】 _55% said they would choose e-textbooks if using them meant their textbook rent
21、al fee would not increase. Roger Von Holzen heads the Center for Information Technology in Education at Northwest Missouri State. He tells us that administrators are【 B10】 _the e-textbooks now available because the majority are not interactive. He thinks growth will come when more digital books incl
22、ude video, activities, games and other ways to interact with the information. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 A leading biologist has compared the physiology(生理学 )of flighted species with the representations of spiritual and myt
23、hical creatures in art. He found the angels and fairies that sit atop of Christmas trees did not get there under their own power【 C1】_. Prof. Roger Wotton, from University College London, found that flight would be impossible for angels【 C2】 _with arms and bird-like feathered wings. “Even a【 C3】 _ex
24、amination of the evidence in representational arts shows that angels and fairies(小天使 )cannot take off and cannot use powered【 C4】 _, and even if they used gliding flight, they would need to be exposed to very high wind speed at take offsuch high winds that they would be【 C5】 _away and have no need f
25、or wings. “ Angels, fairies adorn some of the worlds most famous religious paintings and【 C6】_, hovering in the air to【 C7】 _the deeds of God and men. Their power to capture the imagination is so strong that a survey last year【 C8】 _that most Americans believe in angels. Prof. Wotton explores the re
26、ason in his paper: “Angels are very【 C9】 _religious icons for people with faith. Their similarity to humans adds to their power. At the same time, they have wings on them because they are more than human. They take【 C10】 _to heaven and therefore have to fly. “ A)cursory F)finally K)architecture B)wi
27、tness G)blown L)curious C)pushed H)messages M)portrayed D)flight I)actually N)prove E)powerful J)apparently O)revealed 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 The Peak Time for Everything A)Could you pack more into each day if you did e
28、verything at the optimal time? A growing body of research suggests that paying attention to the body clock, and its effects on energy and alertness, can help pinpoint the different times of day when most of us perform our best at specific tasks, from resolving conflicts to thinking creatively. 1. Ke
29、ep pace with natural rhythms. B)Most people organize their time around everything but the bodys natural rhythms. Workday demands, commuting, social events and kids schedules frequently dominateinevitably clashing with the bodys circadian(生理节奏的 )rhythms of waking and sleeping. C)Disruption of circadi
30、an rhythms has been linked to such problems as diabetes, depression, dementia(痴呆 )and obesity, says Steve Kay, a professor of molecular and computational biology at the University of Southern California. When the bodys master clock can synchronize(使同步 )functioning of all its metabolic(新陈代谢的 ), cardi
31、ovascular and behavioral rhythms in response to light and other natural stimuli, it “gives us an edge in daily life,“ Dr. Kay says. D)When it comes to doing cognitive work, for example, most adults perform best in the late morning, says Dr. Kay. As body temperature starts to rise just before awakeni
32、ng in the morning and continues to increase through midday, working memory, alertness and concentration gradually improve. Taking a warm morning shower can jump-start the process. E)The ability to focus and concentrate typically starts to slide soon thereafter. Most people are more easily distracted
33、 from noon to 4 p.m. , according to recent research led by Robert Matchock, an associate professor of psychology at Pennsylvania State University. Alertness tends to slump after eating a meal, Dr. Matchock found. Sleepiness also tends to peak around 2 p. m. , making that a good time for a nap, says
34、Martin Moore-Ede, chairman and chief executive of Circadian, a Stoneham, Mass., training and consulting firm. 2. Make good use of fatigue. F)Surprisingly, fatigue may boost creative powers. For most adults, problems that require open-ended thinking are often best tackled in the evening when they are
35、 tired, according to a 2011 study in the journal Thinking 6 a. m. messages are most likely to be read, says Dan Zarrella, social-media scientist for HubSpot, a Cambridge, Mass. I)Reading Twitter at 8 a. m. or 9 a. m. can start your day on a cheery note. Thats when users are most likely to tweet upbe
36、at, enthusiastic messages, and least likely to send downbeat tweets steeped in fear, distress, anger or guilt, according to a study of 509 million tweets sent over two years by 2. 4 million Twitter users, published last year in Science. One likely factor? “Sleep is refreshing“ and leaves people aler
37、t and enthusiastic, says Michael Walton Macy, a sociology professor at Cornell University and co-author of the study. The cheeriness peaks about 1-1/2 hours later on weekends perhaps because people are sleeping in, Dr. Macy says. J)Other social networking is better done later in the day. If you want
38、 your tweets to be re-tweeted, post them between 3 p. m. and 6 p. m., when many people lack energy to share their own tweets and turn to relaying others instead, Mr. Zarrella says. And posts to Facebook at about 8 p. m. tend to get the most “likes,“ after people get home from work or finish dinner.
39、At that time of day, theyre likely to turn to Facebook feeling less stressed. “You have less stuff to do and more time to give,“ says Mr. Zarrella. K)Late-night drama can be found on Twitter, where emotions heat up just before bedtime, between 10 p. m. and 11 p. m., says Scott Andrew Golder, a Ph. D
40、. candidate at Cornell University and co-author of the Twitter study. At that time, people tended to send more emotion-laden tweets, both positive and negative. Tired out by the workday, but also freed from its stresses and demands, people become “more alert and engaged, but also more agitated,“ Dr.
41、 Macy says. 4. Choose the right exercise time. L)When choosing a time of day to exercise, paying attention to your body clock can also improve results. Physical performance is usually best, and the risk of injury least, from about 3 p. m. to 6 p. m., says Michael Smolensky, an adjunct professor of b
42、iomedical engineering at the University of Texas, Austin, and lead author with Lynne Lamberg of “The Body Clock Guide to Better Health,“ M)Muscle strength tends to peak between 2 p. m. and 6 p. m. at levels as much as 6% above the days lows, improving your ability to grip a club(高尔夫球杆 )or racquet. A
43、nother boost for physical strength comes from the lungs, which function 17.6% more efficiently at 5 p. m. than at midday, according to a study of 4 756 patients led by Boris Medarov, an assistant professor of medicine at Albany Medical College in New York. N)Eye-hand coordination is best in late aft
44、ernoon, making that a good time for racquetball or Frisbee. And joints and muscles are as much as 20% more flexible in the evening, lowering the risk of injury, Dr. Smolensky says. These body rhythms hold true regardless of how much youve slept or how recently youve eaten. 47 Due to different body c
45、locks, people may feel it difficult to match their natural rhythms with everyday plans. 48 Most peoples time organization often conflicts with their physical rhythms. 49 It is most reasonable to take a nap around 2 oclock in the afternoon. 50 People are more creative when they are tired because tire
46、dness may help people think more freely. 51 Taking a warm shower in the morning can help people to improve their performance at work. 52 The benefit of sending e-mails early in the morning is that people tend to read these messages. 53 The body rhythms have nothing to do with our sleep and diet. 54
47、Posts to Facebook at a time when people experience less stress will be more likely to get “likes“. 55 The cheeriest moment on weekends is later than that on weekdays. 56 The late afternoon is the best time to exercise in order to suffer least injury. Section C 56 When your family wants to buy or rep
48、lace a car, a television, or a washing machine, you find the money either from savings or by borrowing from the bank, a hire-purchase company or perhaps a friend. Similarly, a family buying a house for the first time commonly borrows from a building society(房屋互助协会 ). If you own a private business, a
49、 garage, a shop, or a farm, you will need, from time to time, to buy new equipment, new furnishings, or, if you are doing well, new premises(房屋 )so that you can expand. Some of the cost you can meet from the profits you have kept in the business, but often you will need help. You will go to your bank, to a finance house, or perhaps to a relative or friend for finance provided from his savings. When you borrow money or raise money in this way yo
