1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 41及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Honesty Should Be Treasured by commenting on the saying “A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth“. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 word
2、s. Honesty Should Be Treasured Section A （ A） Give his ankle a good rest. （ B） Treat his injury immediately. （ C） Continue his regular activities. （ D） Be careful when climbing steps. （ A） On a train. （ B） On a plane. （ C） In a theater. （ D） In a restaurant. （ A） A tragic accident. （ B） A sad occasi
3、on. （ C） Smiths unusual life story. （ D） Smiths sleeping problem. （ A） Review the details of all her lessons. （ B） Compare notes with his classmates. （ C） Talk with her about his learning problems. （ D） Focus on the main points of her lectures. （ A） The man blamed the woman for being careless. （ B）
4、The man misunderstood the womans apology. （ C） The woman offered to pay for the mans coffee. （ D） The woman spilt coffee on the mans jacket. （ A） Extremely tedious. （ B） Hard to understand. （ C） lacking a good plot. （ D） Not worth seeing twice. （ A） Attending every lecture. （ B） Doing lots of homewo
5、rk. （ C） Reading very extensively. （ D） Using test-taking strategies. （ A） The digital TV system will offer different programs. （ B） He is eager to see what the new system is like. （ C） He thinks it unrealistic to have 500 channels. （ D） The new TV system may not provide anything better. （ A） She ha
6、s packed it in one of her bags. （ B） She is going to get it at the airport. （ C） She has probably left it in a taxi. （ D） She is afraid that she has lost it. （ A） It ends in winter. （ B） It will cost her a lot. （ C） It will last one week. （ D） It depends on the weather. （ A） The plane is taking off
7、soon. （ B） The taxi is waiting for them. （ C） There might be a traffic jam. （ D） There is a lot of stuff to pack. （ A） At home. （ B） In the mans car. （ C） At the airport. （ D） By the side of a taxi. （ A） She is thirsty for promotion. （ B） She wants a much higher salary. （ C） She is tired of her pres
8、ent work. （ D） She wants to save travel expenses. （ A） Translator. （ B） Travel agent. （ C） Language instructor. （ D） Environmental engineer. （ A） Lively personality and inquiring mind. （ B） Communication skills and team spirit. （ C） Devotion and work efficiency. （ D） Education and experience. Sectio
9、n B （ A） To explain a new requirement for graduation. （ B） To interest students in a community service project. （ C） To discuss the problems of elementary school students. （ D） To recruit elementary school teachers for a special program. （ A） He advises students participating in a special program. （
10、 B） He teaches part-time in an elementary school. （ C） He observes elementary school students in the classroom. （ D） He helps students prepare their resumes. （ A） Contact the elementary school. （ B） Sign up for a special class. （ C） Submit a resume to the dean. （ D） Talk to Professor Howard. （ A） Th
11、e use of oversized freight containers. （ B） Safety problems with railroad tracks. （ C） The growth of the automotive industry. （ D） The high cost of meeting environmental regulations. （ A） To make the railway operation safer. （ B） To offer passengers more comfortable journeys. （ C） To meet the demand
12、 of shipping larger loads. （ D） To connect the railway network with the highways. （ A） It contributes less to air pollution than truck industry. （ B） Its competitors are inconsiderate of customers. （ C） It preserves a traditional way of doing business. （ D） It creates personal fortunes for investors
13、. （ A） They took objective tests. （ B） They specialized in one subject. （ C） They spoke instead of writing. （ D） They were timed by electric clocks. （ A） Modern industry must have developed before the Middle Ages. （ B） Modern industry must have developed around the 19th century. （ C） Modern industry
14、 must have developed in Greece or Rome. （ D） Modern industry must have developed machines to take tests. （ A） Objective tests. （ B） Spoken tests. （ C） Personal tests. （ D） Subjective tests. （ A） The features of the exams in the Middle Ages. （ B） How did the forms of exams evolve. （ C） How to perform
15、 well in both spoken and written exams. （ D） The different exams designed for people of different ages. Section C 26 According to a new study, a major ingredient to taking the pain out of a stressful day at work is a supportive partner at home. It may not seem like a【 B1】_conclusion but the study is
16、 the first to【 B2】 _the effects that a sympathetic ear can have at home and at work. They found that highly stressed employees had a 25 percent higher level of【 B3】_levels if they had a harmonious home life. They were also 33 percent more likely to have positive relationships with colleagues, and a
17、20 percent higher level of job satisfaction. 【 B4】 _studies have linked work-related stress to【 B5】 _mental and physical illnesses, such as depression and【 B6】 _But this study shows how stress can be a vicious circle adversely affecting the way employees perform at work, which can【 B7】 _even more wo
18、rkplace stress. One expert said the mental and physical wellbeing of employees were【 B8】_if they came to work still stressed from the day before. He said: “When youre still angry or upset from yesterdays stress, your workday will likely go in only one direction down.“ And there were obvious benefits
19、 at home as well. Employees with strong home support were 25 percent less likely to suffer from after-work【 B9】 _. Having an awareness of a partners daily work demands such as deadlines, a lack of adequate resources and bad bosses could ensure that【 B10】 _always communicated, and a partner could see
20、 when their loved one was underplaying or exaggerating a problem. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 If it were only necessary to decide whether to teach elementary science to everyone on a mass basis or to find the gifted few and
21、take them as far as they can go, our task would be fairly simple. The public school【 C1】 _, however, has no such choice, for the job must be【 C2】 _on at the same time. Because we depend so【 C3】_upon science and technology for our progress, we must produce【 C4】 _in many fields. Because we live in a d
22、emocratic nation, whose citizens make the policies for the nation, large numbers of us must be educated to understand, to support, and when necessary, to【 C5】 _the work of experts. The public school must educate both producers and users of scientific services. In education, there should be a good ba
23、lance among the branches of knowledge that contribute to effective thinking and wise judgment. Such balance is【 C6】 _by too much emphasis on any one field. This question of balance involves not only the relation of the natural sciences, the social sciences, and the arts but also relative【 C7】_among
24、the natural sciences themselves. Similarly, we must have a balance between current and【 C8】 _knowledge. The attention of the public is【 C9】 _drawn to new possibilities in scientific fields and the discovery of new knowledge; these should not be allowed to turn our attention away from the sound,【 C10
25、】 _materials that form the basis of courses for beginners. A)awarded I)continually B)heavily J)specially C)classical K)emphases D)display L)establishment E)established M)specialists F)system N)carried G)involved O)judge H)defeated 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C
26、8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Universities Branch Out A)As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of edu
27、cating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stabil
28、ity. B)In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more selfconsciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering
29、 courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative(合作的 )research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity. C)Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the numbe
30、r of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to
31、developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at Amer
32、icas best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.
33、 D)Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the Unite
34、d States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships(实习 )abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity and providing the financial resources to make it possible.
35、 E)Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghais Fuda
36、n University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-squarc-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty, postdoctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconfcrence seminars with scientist
37、s from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xus Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team. F)As a result of i
38、ts strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure(基础设施 )and applications software of the 1990s. The link between university-based
39、science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this mode
40、l, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university. G)For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research-university model. Most politicia
41、ns recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflations since then. Support for the physical scienc
42、es and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent
43、per year. H)American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the
44、 levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and
45、business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students. 1)Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nations well-being through their scientific research, but many fear
46、that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and like immigrants throughout history s
47、trengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished(珍视 )values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peac
48、e and stability as welcoming international university students. 47 American universities prepare their undergraduates for global careers by giving them chances for international study or internship. 48 Since the mid-1970s, the enrollment of overseas students has increased at an annual rate of 3.9 pe
49、rcent. 49 The enrollment of international students will have a positive impact on America rather than threaten its competitiveness. 50 The way research is carried out in universities has changed as a result of globalization. 51 Of the newly hired professors in science and engineering in the United States, twenty percent come from foreign countries. 52 The number of foreign students applying to U.S. universities decreased sharply after September 11 due to
