1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 88及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Test for Civil Servant based on the outline below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1近几年兴起了一股报考公务员的热潮。 2分析产生这一现象的原因。 3你的看法。 Section A （ A
2、） He usually assigns homework. （ B） He didn t teach class today. （ C） He usually talks quietly. （ D） He noticed that the students didnt do their homework. （ A） They didnt like the restaurant. （ B） The woman generally eats more than the man. （ C） The man eats more than the woman. （ D） They ate all th
3、e meals. （ A） He is indifferent to the interview. （ B） He is worried about the result. （ C） He is confident about his performance. （ D） He is angry with the HR. （ A） The woman has trouble getting along with the professor. （ B） The woman regrets having taken up much of the professor s time. （ C） The
4、woman knows the professor has been busy. （ D） The woman knows the professor has run into trouble. （ A） He doesnt enjoy business trips as much as he used to. （ B） He doesn t think he is capable of doing the job. （ C） He thinks the pay is too low to support his family. （ D） He wants to spend more time
5、 with his family. （ A） The man thought the essay was easy. （ B） They both had a hard time writing the essay. （ C） The woman thought the essay was easy. （ D） Neither of them has finished the assignment yet. （ A） In the park. （ B） Between two buildings. （ C） In his apartment. （ D） Under a huge tree. （
6、 A） Her overcoat is as stylish as Jill s. （ B） Jill missed her class last week. （ C） Jill wore the overcoat last week. （ D） She is in the same class as the man. （ A） Theyre partners. （ B） They re roommates. （ C） Theyre classmates. （ D） Theyre cousins. （ A） He couldnt decide on a topic for his paper.
7、 （ B） He thought the woman would not finish the paper on time. （ C） He hadnt heard from his family in a while. （ D） He thought his paper was late. （ A） To identify their relatives. （ B） To locate plant fibers. （ C） To find their way back to the nest. （ D） To identify kinds of honey. （ A） Visit his p
8、arents. （ B） Write his paper. （ C） Research how bees build nests. （ D） Plan a family reunion. （ A） A popular television program. （ B） A new electronics store. （ C） A breakthrough in technology. （ D） A recent purchase. （ A） Ask for a cheaper price on the television. （ B） Be satisfied with what he has
9、. （ C） Try a different store. （ D） Research what television is best for him. （ A） Watch less television. （ B） Return the television to the store. （ C） Pay for the television. （ D） Accept the television as it is. Section B （ A） Countries of America and Europe. （ B） Countries in the Middle East. （ C）
10、Jewish countries. （ D） India. （ A） On January first. （ B） The first day of March. （ C） On Spring Festival. （ D） At the end of summer. （ A） People made noise in ancient times to drive away the evil spirits from the home. （ B） People made noise to welcome evil spirits. （ C） People made noise to drive
11、away sadness. （ D） People made noise to be happier on New Year s Day. （ A） Most of the early diamond miners became wealthy later. （ B） Diamonds couldnt be formed without great heat and pressure of the volcano. （ C） The earliest known diamonds were discovered in the River Amazon. （ D） Explosions of t
12、he volcano can damage diamonds as well. （ A） Under the river bed. （ B） On the floor of the sea. （ C） In the volcanoes. （ D） At the foot of the mountains. （ A） Diamond Hunting. （ B） Diamond A Precious Stone. （ C） Diamond Symbol of Fortune. （ D） How Is Diamond Formed and Found? （ A） The development of
13、 electronic musical instruments. （ B） The relative costs of different types of musical instruments. （ C） The performance of classical music on synthesizers. （ D） The replacement of the harpsichord by the piano. （ A） At the beginning. （ B） In the middle. （ C） Near the end. （ D） Just after the end. （
14、A） He thinks it is too soon to tell. （ B） He disagrees with it. （ C） He is prized by it. （ D） He is alarmed by it. （ A） In the early nineteenth century. （ B） In the late nineteenth century. （ C） In the early twentieth century. （ D） In the late twentieth century. Section C 26 American visitors to Eas
15、tern Asia are often surprised and【 B1】 _by how Asian cultures and customs【 B2】 _from those in the United States. Whats considered typical or proper social conduct in one country may be regarded as【 B3】_, improper or even rude in the other. For example, people from some Eastern Asian countries may be
16、gin a【 B4】 _with a stranger by asking personal questions about family, home or work. Such questions are thought to be friendly, whereas they might be considered【 B5】 _in the United States. On the other hand, people in most Asian cultures are far more guarded about expressing their feelings【 B6】 _ th
17、an most Americans are. Openly displaying annoyance or anger, yelling, arguing loudly and so forth is considered ill-mannered in countries such as Japan. Many Eastern Asians prefer to hold their emotions in check and instead express themselves with great politeness. They try not to be blunt and avoid
18、 making direct【 B7】 _. In fact, they often keep their differences of opinion to themselves and merely smile and remain silent rather than engage in a confrontation. By【 B8】 _, Americans are often frank about【 B9】 _both positive and negative emotions on the street and in other public places. American
19、s visiting Asia should keep in mind that such behavior may cause offense. A major difference between American culture and most Asian cultures is that in Asia, the 【 B10】 _is more important than the individual. Most Americans are considered a success when they make a name for themselves. 27 【 B1】 28
20、【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 Some time ago, an interesting discovery was made by【 C1】 _on the Aegean island of Kea. An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini. The city at one time
21、must have been【 C2】 _, for it enjoyed a high level of【 C3】 _. Houses often three storeys high were built of stone. They had large rooms with beautifully【 C4】 _walls. The city was equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found【 C5】 _the narrow streets. The temple which the ar
22、chaeologists explored was used as a place of【 C6】_from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times. In the most sacred room of temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found. Each of these【 C7】 _a goddess and had, at one time, been painted. The body of one statue was found among remains datin
23、g from the fifteenth century B.C. Its missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C. This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully【 C8】 _. It was very old and precious even then. When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were【 C9】 _to find that
24、the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman. She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips. She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground. Despite her great age, she was very【 C10】 _indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identi
25、ty. A)preserved B)civilization C)graceful D)beneath E)matching F)rested G)worship H)occasions I)decorated J)qualification K)represented L)prosperous M)amazed N)according O)archaeologists 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Caring fo
26、r Elderly Parents Catches Many Unprepared A)Last July, Julie Baldocchi s mother had a massive stroke and was paralyzed. Baldocchi suddenly had to become a family caregiver, something that she wasnt prepared for. “I was flying by the seat of my pants,“ says Baldocchi, an employment specialist in San
27、Francisco. Both of her parents are 83, and she knew her father couldnt handle her mothers care. The hospital recommended putting her mother in a nursing home. Baldocchi wasnt willing to do that. But moving her back into her parents home created other problems. Baldocchi, 48, is married and lives abo
28、ut a mile away from her parents. She has a full-time job and has back problems that make it difficult for her to lift her mother. “I couldnt do it all,“ she says. “But I didnt even know how to find help.“ B)With help from the Family Caregiver Alliance, she eventually hired a live-in caregiver. “But
29、even if you plan intellectually and legally, youre never ready for the emotional impact,“ Baldocchi says. In the first two months after her mothers stroke, she lost about 30 pounds as stress mounted. More than 42 million Americans provide family care-giving for an adult who needs help with daily act
30、ivities, according to a 2009 survey by the AARP. An additional 61.6 million provided at least some care during the year. And many are unprepared. C)While many parents lack an advance care directive, it s the most basic and important step they can take. The directive includes several parts, including
31、 a durable power of attorney, which gives someone legal authority to make financial decisions on anothers behalf; a health care proxy, which is similar to the power of attorney, except it allows someone to make decisions regarding medical treatment; and a living will that outlines instructions for e
32、nd-of-life care.(For example, parents can say if they want to be kept alive by artificial measures.)“Its invaluable for the kids, because its hard to make those decisions for a parent,“ says Jennifer Cona, an elder-law attorney at Genser Dubow Genser rather, virtually any person may be recognized as
33、 a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group. Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group
34、 members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done“. Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-beings of a social group s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support
35、to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them. Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give others and may discipline group members who inhibit(阻碍 )attainment of the group s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate
36、 a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the difference in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from grou
37、p members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect. 62 What does the passage mainly discuss? （ A） The problems faced by leaders. （ B） How leadership differs in small and large groups. （ C） How social groups determine who will lead them.
38、 （ D） The role of leaders in social groups. 63 The passage mentions all of the following ways by which people can become leaders EXCEPT _. （ A） recruitment （ B） formal election process （ C） specific leadership training （ D） traditional cultural patterns 64 Which of the following statements about lea
39、dership can be inferred from Paragraph 2? （ A） A person who is an effective leader of a particular group may not be an effective leader in another group. （ B） Few people succeed in sharing a leadership role with another person. （ C） A person can best learn how to be an effective leader by studying r
40、esearch on leadership. （ D） Most people desire to be leaders but can produce little evidence of their qualifications. 65 In mentioning “natural leaders“ in Line 7, the author is making the point that_. （ A） few people qualify as “natural leaders“ （ B） there is no proof that “natural leaders“ exist （
41、 C） natural leaders are easily accepted by the members of a group （ D） natural leaders share a similar set of characteristics 66 The passage indicates that instrumental leaders generally focus on_. （ A） ensuring harmonious relationships （ B） sharing responsibility with group members （ C） identifying
42、 new leaders （ D） achieving a goal 二、 Part Translation 67 清洁的空气对于健康是至关重要的。空气中含有杂质 (impurities)，这些杂质会被我们的身体吸收，使人生病。我们需要清洁的空气，但不幸的是，目前普遍存在着空气污染，尤其是在城市里。城市里有许多食品厂、服装厂和制造其他东西的工厂。每天这些工厂把 千百万吨烟灰排人空气，大大污染了空气。现今，世界上还没有一个彻底摆脱了空气污染的地区。我们必须采取措施来控制空气污染。 大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 88答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 【
43、正确答案】 Test for Civil Servant In recent years, there are people in expanding numbers who have participated in the test for civil servants. Millions of students choose civil servant as their most ideal occupation after graduation. And among them, the high-educated, like masters and doctors, take quite
44、 a large percentage. The craze in civil servant test has attracted widespread attention. The following fundamental causes can account for this kind of craze. First and foremost, nowadays college students face great employment pressure. Civil servant, as one of the most stable professions in today s
45、China, becomes their preferable choice. Moreover, recently, the welfare and salary of civil servants have been improved greatly, which undoubtedly attracts many people. Last but not least, the high social position of civil servants is a crucial factor drawing many people to take part in the civil se
46、rvant test. In my opinion, the craze in civil servant test will continue in the following years. However, from the long run, it does not do good to the development of our nation. If most high quality talents gather in the government department, it might lead to a waste of resources. Accordingly, bot
47、h the individuals and the government should have a more objective recognition of the civil servant test craze. Section A 2 【听力原文】 W: Professor Smith was so strange today. M: I noticed that, too. He was talking so quietly and then not giving us any homework at all. Can you believe that? Q: What can b
48、e inferred about Professor Smith? 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 综合推断题。女士说 Professor Smith今天很奇怪，男士说Professor Smith今天说话轻声细语而且根本没有留作业。由此可 知， Professor Smith平时都是要留作业的，所以 A正确。 3 【听力原文】 M: Be glad you aren t at the other restaurant. They serve the biggest meals. W: This is more than I can eat. Even you can t finish i
49、t all. Q: What do you learn from the conversation? 3 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 综 合推断题。男士说你应该庆幸没有去另一家餐馆，这个餐馆的饭菜分量很足。女士说她吃不完这些即使是男士也吃不完这么多食物。由此可推断出男士比女士吃得多。 4 【听力原文】 W: How did your interview go? M: I couldnt feel better about it! The questions were very fair, and I seemed to find an answer for all of them. Q: What is the man s attitude about the interview? 4 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 综合推断题。由男士的话推断出他对自己在面试中的表现很满意。即他对这场面试很有信
