1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 99及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Urban Waterlogging(内涝 )following the outline given below. You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words. 1如今不少大城市一下暴雨就出现城市内涝的现象 2出现这一现象的原因 3我对这一现象的看法
2、和建议 On Urban Waterlogging Section A （ A） The area is for passengers only. （ B） The man is asking the woman to leave. （ C） The man feels sorry for the woman. （ D） The woman is a member of the staff. （ A） He is late for his work on the first day. （ B） It takes a long time for him to go to work. （ C） H
3、e is very excited for driving to work. （ D） He drove to make sure the time to get to work. （ A） It is pleasant. （ B） It is constant. （ C） It is always windy. （ D） It is changeable. （ A） The man thought the paper was easy. （ B） They both had a hard time writing the paper. （ C） The woman thought the a
4、ssignment was easy. （ D） Neither of them has finished the paper yet. （ A） He hasnt decided what to do this weekend. （ B） He will spend the weekend with his sister. （ C） He thinks everything is all right up till now. （ D） He has already decided to travel abroad by air. （ A） He feels satisfied with it
5、. （ B） He thinks the distance is too far. （ C） The road is good but theres heavy traffic. （ D） 30 minutes driving is a piece of cake for him. （ A） He thinks the students are quite fair. （ B） He flunks the new teacher is good. （ C） Reactions to the new teacher are different. （ D） The woman should bel
6、ieve what is told. （ A） Spend more time outdoors. （ B） Take short naps in day time. （ C） Try to go to bed earlier. （ D） Stay indoors until she feels better. （ A） The color doesnt suit him. （ B） He finds it much too big. （ C） It is too small for him now. （ D） The quality is not good. （ A） Give his mo
7、ney back. （ B） Explain the washing instructions to him. （ C） Wash the shirt for him. （ D） Exchange for another shirt for him. （ A） Angry. （ B） Indifferent. （ C） Satisfied. （ D） Regretful. （ A） Monday and Thursday. （ B） Monday, Wednesday, and Friday. （ C） Wednesday and Friday. （ D） Tuesday and Thursd
8、ay. （ A） The first lecture. （ B） A class meeting. （ C） The opening ceremony. （ D） An orientation. （ A） He has another class at 4:30. （ B） He has to go for a part-time job. （ C） He needs time to prepare for it. （ D） He has to attend a meeting at that time. （ A） Attendance is flexible. （ B） Attendance
9、 is not required. （ C） Attendance should be at least 90%. （ D） Full attendance is required. Section B （ A） In 766 B.C. （ B） In 776 B.C. （ C） In 676 B.C. （ D） In 667 B.C. （ A） To display the ancient Greek civilization. （ B） To let more nations and athletes to take part in. （ C） To present the worlds
10、most important athletic contests. （ D） To refresh the ideals of excellence of body, mind, and spirit. （ A） Any qualified athlete can enter for the game freely. （ B） It is organized by the International Olympic Committee. （ C） It has been held every four years since it was revived. （ D） Any nation ca
11、n enter a team in the Games unconditionally. （ A） Smoke. （ B） Tar. （ C） Nicotine. （ D） Ashes. （ A） Because they feel nervous when not smoking. （ B） Because they have nothing to do when not smoking. （ C） Because they feel no taste in their mouths without cigarettes. （ D） Because they dont know how to
12、 establish new contacts without cigarettes. （ A） The better taste that is less addictive. （ B） The reduced risk to their health. （ C） The higher status they symbolize. （ D） The less smoke they give out. （ A） It is a popular sport. （ B） It has a long history. （ C） It is rarely tried a second time. （
13、D） It is an adventurous activity. （ A） Everyday life makes people bored. （ B） Too much work exhausts people. （ C） People are suffering too much stress. （ D） Theyre mentally and physically healthy. （ A） It was quite stable and carefree. （ B） It was not easy to survive. （ C） People enjoyed a long heal
14、thy life. （ D） People neednt work hard for a living. （ A） They are effective as long as people take care. （ B） They are not a recommended way to relax. （ C） They are all right for some people. （ D） They are difficult to be accepted. Section C 26 Today we talk about the difference between a college a
15、nd a university. Colleges and universities have a lot in common. They prepare young【 B1】 _for work. They provide a greater understanding of the world and its past. And they help students learn to【 B2】 _the arts and sciences. Students who attend either a college or a university【 B3】 _ take four years
16、 to complete a program of study. But one difference is that many colleges do not offer additional study programs or support research【 B4】 _. Universities often are much larger than colleges. Universities【 B5】 _ a lot of research. They offer more programs in different areas of study, for undergraduat
17、e and graduate students.【 B6】 _ universities developed from those of the Middle Ages in Europe. The word “university“ came from the Latin “universitas“. This described a group of people organized for a common【 B7】 _. “College“ came from a Latin word with a similar meaning, “collegium“. In England, c
18、olleges were 【 B8】 _to provide students with places to live. Usually each group was studying the same thing, so the word “college“ came to mean one area of study. Today, most American colleges offer an area of study called liberal arts. The liberal arts are subjects first developed and taught in anc
19、ient Greece. They trained a persons mind. They【 B9】 _different from subjects that were considered more【 B10】 _in everyday life. Another meaning of “college“ is a part of a university. The first American universities divided their studies into many areas and called each one a college. This is still t
20、rue. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 The United States predominance in science and technology is fading, a report released this month by the National Science Board warns. The report underlines what a powerhouse the United States
21、【 C1】 _in knowledge- and technology-intensive industries, including high-tech manufacturing, energy and drug industry. All in all, those industries【 C2】 _for about 40 percent of American economic output, more than in any other developed country, it finds. But with the rise of increasingly【 C3】 _emer
22、ging economies, the report suggests, underinvestment in research and development might translate into a less【 C4】_, less productive American economy in the future. The world is【 C5】 _a “dramatic shift in the global scientific landscape,“ said Dan E. Arvizu, chairman of the National Science Board “Em
23、erging economies understand the【 C6】 _science and innovation play in the global marketplace and in economic competitiveness and have increasingly placed a【 C7】 _on building their capacity in science and technology,“ he said. The Asian economies now perform a larger【 C8】 _of global research and devel
24、opment than the United States does. China carries out about as much high-tech manufacturing as the United States does, the report found. But the report also highlights some important market sectors where the United States appears to be falling behind. More【 C9】 _, the report finds that the United St
25、ates might be【 C10】 _in the research and development spending that scientists say is the most important fuel for future innovation. Moreover, many countries spend larger and faster-growing proportions of their economic output on research. A)account B)role C)decays D)share E)lagging F)effect G)domina
26、nt H)directly I)worryingly J)remains K)priority L)concern M)limited N)undergoing O)competitive 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Schools outside cities A)With its sandy beaches, charming ruins and occasionally blue waters, the Isl
27、e of Wight is a perfect spot off Englands southern coast. Wealthy Londoners sail their boats there. It seems odd that such a place should contain some of the worst-performing schools in England. But it does; and in this, the Isle of Wight is not quite as strange as it seems. B)Provisional figures sh
28、ow that last year just 49% of 16-year-olds on the island got at least five C grades, including in English and maths, in GCSE exams. That is fewer than in any of Londons 32 boroughs(行政区 ), or indeed anywhere in the southern half of England apart from nearby Portsmouth. In the previous year the Isle o
29、f Wight was second to bottom in the whole country. Just 23% of pupils entitled to free school meals(a representative of poverty)got five decent grades, compared with a national average of 36%. In September the islands schools were deemed so bad that Hampshire County Council took them over. C)Part of
30、 the explanation is distinctively local. Luring good teachers to an out-of-the-way spot is hard. In 2011 the island endured a confused transition from the sort of three-tier school system common in America, with primary, middle and secondary schools, to the two-tier one that is standard in England.
31、But its results were bad even before that change. The Isle of Wights real problems are structural. It suffers from three things that might appear to be advantages but are actually the opposite. The island lacks a large city; it has some, but not many, poor children; and it is almost entirely white.
32、D)Englands worst schools used to be urban, poor and black or sometimes Asian. But these days pupils, including poor ones, often fare better in inner cities than elsewhere. In Tower Hamlets, an east London borough that is the third most deprived place in England, children entitled to free school meal
33、s do better in GCSE exams than do all children in the country as a whole. Bangladeshis, who are concentrated in that borough, used to perform considerably worse than whites nationally; now they do better. E)Poor whites are now the countrys signal educational underachievers. Just 31% of white British
34、 children entitled to free school meals got five good GCSEs two years ago, fewer than poor children from any other ethnic group. They fare especially badly in suburbs, small towns and on the coast places like the Isle of Wight. F)Although the island contains pockets of poverty, it is hardly poverty-
35、stricken: overall it comes 106th out of 326 local authorities in England on the governments deprivation index. A bigger problem is a pervasive lack of faith in education as a means of self-improvement. Steph Boyd, who runs a new free school on the island, says some parents doubt whether the educatio
36、n system can help their children not altogether surprising given the islands failings. A few are more anxious for their offspring to go out and get jobs. And nearby career options are limited, points out Pat Goodhead, the headmistress of Christ the King College, the islands best secondary school. Th
37、e jobs pages of the County Press, the local newspaper, are filled with advertisements for care workers, barmen and cleaners. The advantage of deep poverty G)Oddly, the Isle of Wight might do better if it were poorer. Truly poor parts of England receive large amounts of government cash. Schools in To
38、wer Hamlets get 7,014 a year for each child, compared with 4,489 in the Isle of Wight. In addition, secondary schools get 900 for each poor child thanks to the “pupil premium“ introduced by the coalition government. Poverty-stricken spots also benefit from energetic, idealistic young teachers. Teach
39、 First, a programme that sends top graduates into poor schools for at least two years, started in London in 2002. Then it expanded to other big cities such as Manchester. Last year it started sending teachers to south coast towns, but in tiny numbers. Of the 1,261 graduates who joined the programme
40、last year, just 25 were placed on the entire south coast, compared with 553 in London. H)Poor children do best in schools where they are either scarce or very numerous. Where they are few, teachers can give them plenty of attention. Where they are numerous, as in the East End of London, schools have
41、 no choice but to focus on them. Most ill-served are those who fall in between, in schools where they are insufficiently numerous to merit attention but too many to succeed alone. The Isle of Wights six state secondary schools are all stuck in the unhappy middle: between 9% and 17% of the children i
42、n them are entitled to free school meals. I)One woman, who moved to the island from east London with her young daughter, suspects that the Isle of Wights lack of diversity is itself a problem. She may be right about that. Illiteracy among white British children can be easier to overlook than illiter
43、acy among immigrants. Where schools are forced to help the latter, natives often benefit too, says Matthew Coffey of Ofsted, the schools inspectorate. That seems to have happened in Lincolnshire, which has seen a surge in Portuguese and east European immigration. J)The government and Ofsted are incr
44、easingly worried about the gap in attainment between poor white Britons and the rest. The Department for Education reckons changing the way schools success is measured could help. The current emphasis on grades of C and above encourages teachers to focus on children on the edge of attaining that gra
45、de, at the expense of those who do really badly. Beginning in 2016 schools will have to track more closely the progress of each child, no matter what grades they are predicted to get. That should raise attentions of schools that have been able to coast along, ignoring the neediest, to give them more
46、 attention. But such reforms may not make much difference on the Isle of Wight. Schools there have struggled even against the current benchmark. K)They might look to east London for inspiration. The dramatic improvement in Tower Hamlets resulted partly from efforts to change local culture. Schools r
47、an programmes through mosques to tackle absenteeism(旷课 ). Parents were encouraged to become governors. But change will be harder outside the capital. Tower Hamlets benefits from nearby Canary Wharf, the capitals second financial district, which supplies good jobs and middle-class advisers. The lever
48、s of change are less obvious where poor children are scattered thin. And there are fewer obvious institutions through which to try and improve the lot of the godless white majority. 47 Changing the way schools success is measured may of little help to improve the education of the Isle of Wight. 48 C
49、ompared with the illiteracy among immigrants, British white illiterates are easier to be neglected. 49 Poor children can receive enough attention either in schools with large number of poor students or those with few poor students. 50 More than half of the 16-year-old students on the Isle of Wight failed to get at least five C grades in GCSE exams last year. 51 Parents in the Isle of Wight generally lack confidence in the education system. 52 Poor scho
