1、大学英语四级(阅读)模拟试卷 46及答案与解析 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 0 Over a hundred years ago, Charles Dickens sho
2、cked many of his readers when he described the conditions under which young children worked in British factories. The conditions Dickens described continue almost【 1】 today in many parts of the world. The only difference is that today【 2】 of children is limited to small industries and family busines
3、ses, such as hotels, restaurants and 【 3】 farms, rather than to large factories. Girls【 4】 more from child labor practices man boys. Many of them are forced to start work when they are only ten years old. Although the work they are given to do is often【 5】 , it is often harmful to their health.【 6】
4、, children as young as six years were found to be working in Asian factories, and the children were working from eight to fourteen hours a day in overcrowded and unhealthy working【 7】 . Sometimes a whole family group is employed, with the【 8】 going to a parent or older relative. The children not onl
5、y receive nothing or very little for their long hours of work, but also they are prevented from attending school. Therefore, when they become older they are unable to do any other kind of work. The【 9】 to the problem of child labor is clearly better laws to protect young children, greater supervisio
6、n of industry and heavier fines for those who break the laws. Only in this way can young boys and girls be allowed to enjoy the most【 10】 time of their lives children. A. elsewhere B. employment C. dissolved D. light E. recently F. solution G. unchanged H. suffer I. conditions J. perspective K. impa
7、tient L. valuable M. particularly N. proceed O. payment 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 10 One lunchtime, May Ward was going round the local supermarket in Parkside Road, Liverpool, doing her shopping, when she suddenly slipped and fell. She was badly shaken a
8、nd bruised but【 1】 nothing serious resulted. It turned out that she has slipped on some ice-cream which had been【 2】 on the floor. Two weeks later she wrote to the firm to【 3】 compensation (赔偿 ) to make up for the pain and【 4】 she had suffered. She asserted that they had been negligent (忽视的 ) and ca
9、reless in not keeping the floor clean. The firm denied that they had been negligent and 【 5】 that they had a proper system for keeping the floor clean. They had given instructions that when a member of staff found a spillage, he or she was to stand by it, and call someone else to clear up the mess.
10、Since Mrs. Ward felt that she was【 6】 to compensation, she sued (起诉 ) the firm in the Law Courts. Here the firm claimed that it did not【 7】 , just because someone has slipped on the floor, that they must have been negligent carrying out their duties. They said that unless the customer could prove ho
11、w the icecream came to be on the floor, and how long it had been left there before the accident happened, she had not made out a proper【 8】 against them. But the judge took a different view. He said that, on the face of it, the accident would not have happened at all if the firm had taken reasonable
12、 care. It was something that in the ordinary course of events does not happen if floors are kept clean and spillages are dealt with as soon as they occur. It was up to the firm, he said, to provide【 9】 , if they could, that the accident did not【 10】 from any negligence on their part. They would obvi
13、ously be in a better position than the customer to establish how long the ice-cream had been spilt and explain the circumstances to the Courts. The final result was that Mrs. Ward won her case and received 137 and 10 pence as payment for damages. A. claim B. spilt C. evidence D. case E. innocent F.
14、inconvenience G. derive H. maintained I. entitled J. arise K. follow L. unexpectedly M. determine N. fortunately O. credited 11 【 1】 12 【 2】 13 【 3】 14 【 4】 15 【 5】 16 【 6】 17 【 7】 18 【 8】 19 【 9】 20 【 10】 20 Last years economy in the United States should have won the Oscar for best picture. Growth
15、in gross domestic product was 4.1 percent profits【 1】 up exports flourished and inflation (通货膨胀 ) stayed around 3 percent for the third year. So why did so many Americans give the picture only a B rating? The answer is jobs. The macroeconomic (宏观经济的 ) situation was good, but the microeconomic (微观经济的
16、 ) numbers were not. Yes, 3 million new jobs were there, but not enough of them were【 2】 , good jobs paying enough to support a family. Job insecurity was serious. Even as they【 3】 higher sales and profits, corporations acted as if they were operating at a【 4】 , cutting 516,069 jobs in 1994 alone, a
17、lmost as many as in the bad year of 1991. Yes, unemployment went down. But over 1 million workers were so【 5】 they left the labor force. More than 6 million who wanted full time work were only partially【 6】 and another large group was sheltered behind self-employment. We lost a million good manufact
18、uring jobs between 1990 and 1995, continuing the【 7】 that has reduced the blue-collar work force from about 30 percent in the 1950s to about half that today. White-collar workers found out they were no longer【 8】 . In 1995, for the first time, they were let go in numbers【 9】 equal to those for blue-
19、collar workers. Many turn to【 10】 work with lower pay, fewer benefits and less status. All this is a country where people meeting for the first time say, “What do you do?“ A. announced B. trend C. performed D. temporary E. permanent F. virtually G. technical H. employed I. exposure J. originally K.
20、soared L. significance M. secure N. discouraged O. loss 21 【 1】 22 【 2】 23 【 3】 24 【 4】 25 【 5】 26 【 6】 27 【 7】 28 【 8】 29 【 9】 30 【 10】 30 They call them the new bread earners. They are women, and they are set to take over. Women are beginning to rise【 1】 to the top in the workplace all over the de
21、veloped world. New figures show that in almost a third of American【 2】 with a working wife, the woman brings home more money than her husband and that they now occupy half the countrys “high-paying, executive, administrative and【 3】 occupations“, compared with 34 per cent 20 years ago. The trend is【
22、 4】 by two main factors, experts say a【 5】 acceptance of men as househusbands and mass unemployment of male white-collar workers from the technology, finance and media industries in the last three years. The University of Maryland has【 6】 a report that shows women to be the chief earner in 11 per ce
23、nt of all US marriages. Pushing a buggy (婴儿车 ) on a sunny afternoon in New Yorks Central Park last week, Jonathan Blinderman, 33, said, he was【 7】 he had been able to see every moment of his daughter Lindsays first six months of life while his wife, Sage, was out working. It is a sign of these times
24、 of【 8】 that when he mentions his status at parties he is either praised as a saint or【 9】 as a slave-cum-freeloader (爱占便宜的奴隶 ). For the revolution is nowhere near complete. But Maria Cancian, an economist at the University of Wisconsin, said【 10】 women were increasingly looking for househusbands. A
25、. caused B. proud C. carelessly D. mocked E. produced F. managerial G. greedy H. precaution I. argued J. transition K. ambitious L. tackled M. growing N. steadily O. households 31 【 1】 32 【 2】 33 【 3】 34 【 4】 35 【 5】 36 【 6】 37 【 7】 38 【 8】 39 【 9】 40 【 10】 大学英语四级(阅读)模拟试卷 46答案与解析 Section B Direction
26、s: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 【知识模块】 阅读 1 【正确答案】 G 【试题解析】 此处应为形容词,表明 continue的状态。由本句的 almost和下一句的 the only difference可知
27、这种情况几乎没有改变,只有 unchanged最合适。 【知识模块】 阅读 2 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 此处应为名词。本句提到的 industries and family businesses,hotels, restaurants等都是小孩受雇的地方,由此可推断空白处应为employment。 【知识模块】 阅读 3 【正确答案】 M 【试题解析】 此处应为副词或形容词。词库中没有符合本句句意的形容词,因此答案应从副词中寻找。作者在列举了一系列小孩受雇的地方后,把 farm放在最后是为了强调, particularly就是答案。 【知识模块】 阅读 4 【正确答案】 H 【试题解析
28、】 此处应为动词,可与 from搭配。本文说的是童工问题,工作对童工来说都是折磨,本句中的 labor practices和下一句中的 are forced to都暗示了这一点,因此空白处应为 suffer。 【知识模块】 阅读 5 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 此处应为形容词,修饰 work。从本句 Although一词形成的对比关系可以推断空白处的形容词与主句中的 harmful应为词义色彩相反的单词,词库中只有 light既符合本句的句意,也符合本句要求的词义色彩。 【知识模块】 阅读 6 【正确答案】 E 【试题解析】 此处应为副词,作全句的状语。本句表明童工的情况现在仍然存在于亚洲
29、,因此答案为 recently。 【知识模块】 阅读 7 【正确答案】 I 【试题解析】 此处应为名词。本句中的 overcrowded和 unhealthy都表明童工的工作条件,因此空白处应为表明 “条件 ”的名词,即 conditions。 【知识模块】 阅读 8 【正确答案】 O 【试题解析】 此处应为名词。从下一句提到的 The childrenreceive nothing 可以推断本句表明童工的工资付给了他们的父母或年长的亲人,因此 payment是本题答案。 【知识模块】 阅读 9 【正确答案】 F 【试题解析】 此处应为名词。句中提到的 better laws, greater
30、 supervision和heavier fines等都表明这些是解决童工问题的方法,因此答案为 solution。 【知识模块】 阅读 10 【正确答案】 L 【试题解析】 此处应为形容词,修饰 time一词。本句表明解决了童工问题,儿童就能重获美好的时光,因此空白处应是一个积极意义的形容词,词库中只有valuable符合词性、词义与色彩的要求。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 11 【正确答案】 N 【试题解析】 此处需要填一个评论性副词。根据转折语气,在词库中的两个副词中, fortunately比较合适,意为 “所幸的是 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 12 【正确答案】 B 【试题
31、解析】 此处需要过去分词,表示 ice-cream所承受的动作, spilt最合适,意为 “溢出,洒落 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 13 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 此处需要及物动词,且为原形,可以和 compensation搭配。由此可得出答案为 claim。 claim compensation意为 “索赔 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 14 【正确答案】 F 【试题解析】 此处需要名词,并与 pain并列,由此可知该词表消极意义。根据其后的定语从 she had suffered,可确定答案为 inconvenience(不便 )。 【知识模块】 阅读 15 【正确答案】 H 【试题解析】
32、 根据前半句的 denied(否认 ),可知此处需要动词的过去式,词义应该与 deny相反。由此可知答案为 maintained,意为 “坚持认为 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 16 【正确答案】 I 【试题解析】 此空是在 was后面,所以有两种可能性,一种是填形容词,另一种是填动词的被动态,即过去分词形式。词库中的形容词不能构成 beto sth 结构,可排除。动词的过去分词形式中,只有 entitled符合条件。 be entitledto sth意为 “有 的权利 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 17 【正确答案】 K 【试题解析】 根据 did not,可知此处需要动词原形。 it为形式主语,
33、真实主语是后面的 that从句,故此词可以和 it that构成搭配。而 it follows that意为 “由此得出结论 ,因而断定 ” ,显然 follow最为合适。 【知识模块】 阅读 18 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 此处需填一个名词,而且和 judge有关,与 make out形成搭配,显然 case最为合适。 make out a case意为 “找到充分的理由 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 19 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 此处需填一个名词。 he指的是上文提到的 the judge。法官一般需要当事人提供的是 “证据 ”,故用 evidence。 【知识模块】 阅读 20
34、 【正确答案】 J 【试题解析】 根据 did not和 from,可知此处需要不及物动词原形。符合条件的动词原形有 arise和 derive,且都可以和 from 搭配。 arise from意为 “由 引起 ”,而 derive from意为 “从 起源 ”。根据上下文,不难发现 arise一词比较合适。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 21 【正确答案】 K 【试题解析】 此处需填不及物动词,可以和 up构成词组。上下文都在讲经济发展良好,所以该词应表积极意义,词库中符合条件的词是 soared。 soared up意为“高涨,剧增 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 22 【正确答案】
35、 E 【试题解析】 此处需要形容词,与 good并列修饰 jobs。由此可知该词与 good一样表积极意义,可先排除 temporary。词库中符合条件的形容词有 secure和permanent。 secure不能如此搭配,用法不对; permanent较为合适,表明薪水高的、稳定持久的工作。 【知识模块】 阅读 23 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 此处需要及物动词的过去式,作谓语。 Even在这里有转折之意,所以根据主句中的谓语动词 acted(行动,表现 )可知该动词与言语行为有关,由此可知 announced一词比较合适,意为 “宣布 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 24 【正确答案】 O
36、 【试题解析】 此处需填可数名词, 能与 at a一起连用。根据句首的 Even,可知此处应该与前面的 higher sales and profits相反,由此很容易确定 loss最为合适。at a loss意为 “亏损 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 25 【正确答案】 N 【试题解析】 此空在 were后面,且由副词 so修饰,所以有两种可能性,一种是形容词,另一种是分词。前文说到失业率下降,此处的形容词是 100多万工人自己离职的原因,由此可确定该词表消极意义。词库中的四个形容词都不合适,而动词的过去分词形式中, discouraged符合条件 ,意为 “灰心的,丧气的 ”。 【知识模块】
37、阅读 26 【正确答案】 H 【试题解析】 此空在 were后面,且由副词 partially修饰,所以为形容词或动词过去分词。上文提到 unemployment下降,联系下文提到的 self-employment,可知此处指 “就业 ”,由此可确定答案为 employed。 【知识模块】 阅读 27 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 此处需填可数名词。根据其后的 that定语从句,显然 trend最为合适,意为 “趋势,势头 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 28 【正确答案】 M 【试题解析】 此处需要形容词或动词过去分词。上下文都在说工作不稳定,所以答案显然是 secure(安全的。有安全感的 )
38、。 【知识模块】 阅读 29 【正确答案】 F 【试题解析】 此处需要副词,修饰 equal to 。比较词库中的两个副词 virtually和 originally,显然 virtually比较合适,意思是 “实际上,事实上 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 30 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 此处需要填入形容词。根据破折号后面对 work的解 释,可知该词表消极意义。上下文都在说工作不稳定,被裁员,所以可确定答案为temporary(临时的 )。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 31 【正确答案】 N 【试题解析】 此处需要副词作状语,修饰动词 rise。根据其谓语动词 are begi
39、nning,可知 steadily较合适。 rise steadily意为 “稳步上升 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 32 【正确答案】 O 【试题解析】 此处需要名词作介词 of的宾语。根据下文的 the woman和 her husband,可知答案为 households。 【知识模块】 阅读 33 【正确答案】 F 【试题解析】 此处需要形容词作定语,且与 and前面的 executive,administrative形成并列关系,因此答案为 managerial。 managerial occupations意为 “经理的职位 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 34 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析
40、】 此处需要动词的过去分词,作谓语的一部分。根据其后的factors(因素 ),可得出答案为 caused。 be causedby two main factors意为 “由两个主要因素引起 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 35 【正确答案】 M 【试题解析】 此处需要形容词作定语。前文提到 “女性开始在工作场所稳步上升到高层位置 ”,所以可推断男性逐步接受做家庭主男,因此 growing最为合适。 a growing acceptance意为 “越来越接受 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 36 【正确答案】 E 【试题解析】 此处需要及物动词的过去分词。文章前面已经指出女性是新的bread earne
41、r,本句提到有报告进一步证实,因此 可知 produced显然更合适。produced a report意为 “拿出报告 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 37 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 此处需要积极意义的形容词作表语。本句是家庭主男的一个例子,根据上下文语义的逻辑性,可知答案为 proud。 【知识模块】 阅读 38 【正确答案】 J 【试题解析】 此处需要名词作介词 of的宾语。根据上下文语义搭配,可知transition正确。 times of transition意为 “过渡时期 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 39 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 此处需要动词的过去分词,和 praised并列作谓语的一部分,而且两者是反义关系。 mocked显然最合适。 【知识模块】 阅读 40 【正确答案】 K 【试题解析】 此处需要形容词作定语,修饰主语 women。根据下文 “寻找家庭主男 ”,可知这个形容词是肯定意义的,所以选用 ambitious。 ambitious women意为“有抱负的女性 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读