1、山东省成人本科英语模拟试卷 14及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresp
2、onding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 Though it is merely 1 to 3 percent of the population, the upper class possesses at least 25 percent of the nation s wealth. This has two segments; upper-upper and lower-upper. Basically, the upper-upper class is the “old rich
3、“ families that have been wealthy for several generations an aristocracy of birth and wealth. Their names are in the Social Register, a listing of acceptable members of high society. A few are known across the nation, such as the Rockefellers, Roose-velts, and Vanderbilts. Most are not visible to th
4、e general public. They live in grand seclusion(过 着显赫的退隐生活 ), drawing their income from the investment of their inherited wealth. In contrast , the lower-upper class is the “ new rich“. Although they may be wealthier than some of the old rich, the new rich have hustled(拼命干 )to make their money like e
5、verybody else beneath their class. Thus their prestige is generally lower than that of the old rich, who have not found it necessary to lift a finger to make their money, and who tend to look down upon the new rich. However its wealth is acquired, the upper class is very rich. They have enough money
6、 and leisure time to cultivate an interest in the arts and to collect rare books, paintings, and sculptures. They generally live in exclusive areas, belong to exclusive social clubs, communicate with each other, and marry their own kind all of which keeps them so distant from the masses that they ha
7、ve been called the out-of-sight class. More than any other class, they tend to be conscious of being members of a class. They also command an enormous amount of power and influence here and abroad, as they hold many top government positions, run the Council on Foreign Relations and control multinati
8、onal corporations. Their actions affect the lives of millions. 1 All the following statements are true except that_. （ A） the upper class owns at least a quarter of the country s wealth （ B） the “old rich“ enjoy higher prestige than the “new rich“ （ C） the “old rich“ isolate themselves and lead a lo
9、nely life （ D） the upper-upper class is of aristocratic origin 2 The “old rich“get richer_. （ A） through the Social Register （ B） by investing their inherited wealth （ C） through their reputation （ D） by collecting paintings and sculptures 3 The reason why the “old rich“ look down upon the “new rich
10、“ is that_. （ A） the former are wealthier than the latter （ B） the latter sweat themselves to make money （ C） the “old rich“ are conscious of being members of the upper class （ D） the “new rich“ have no interest in arts 4 The upper class is also called the out-of-sight class because_. （ A） they don
11、t communicate with any people （ B） they spend most of their time abroad （ C） they move frequently from the general public （ D） they keep away from the general public 5 We can learn from the passage that_. （ A） the upper class is powerful and influential （ B） the upper class collects rare books to ma
12、ke money （ C） the “old rich“ make much more money than the “new rich“ （ D） the upper class holds all top government positions 5 We all know that DNA has the ability to identify individuals but, because it is inherited, there are also regions of the DNA strand which can relate an individual to his or
13、 her family(immediate and extended), tribal group and even an entire population. Molecular Genealogy(宗谱学 )can use this unique identification provided by the genetic markers to link people together into family trees. Pedigrees(家谱 )based on such genetic markers can mean a breakthrough for family trees
14、 where information is incomplete or missing due to adoption, illegitimacy or lack of records. There are many communities and populations which have lost precious records due to tragic events such as the fire in the Irish courts during Civil War in 1921. or American slaves for whom many records were
15、never kept in the first place. The main objective of the Molecular Genealogy Research Group is to build a database containing over 100,000 DNA samples from individuals all over the world. These individuals will have provided a pedigree chart of at least four generations and a small blood sample. Onc
16、e the database has enough samples to represent the world genetic make-up, it will eventually help in solving many issues regarding genealogies that could not be done by relying only on traditional written records. Theoretically, any individual will someday be able to trace his or her family origins
17、through this database. In the meantime, as the database is being created, molecular genealogy can already verify possible or suspected relationships between individuals. “For example, if two men sharing the same last name believe that they are related, but no written record proves this relationship,
18、 we can verify this possibility by collecting a sample of DNA from both and looking for common markers(in this case we can look primarily at the Y chromosome(染色体 ),“ explains Ugo Perego, a member of the BYU Molecular Genealogy research team. 6 People in a large area may possess the same DNA thread b
19、ecause_. （ A） DNA is characteristic of a region （ B） they are beyond doubt of common ancestry （ C） DNA strand has the ability to identify individuals （ D） their unique identification can be provided via DNA 7 The possible research of family trees is based on the fact that_. （ A） genetics has achieve
20、d a breakthrough （ B） genetic information contained in DNA can be revealed now （ C） each individual carries a unique record of who he is and how he is related to others （ D） we can use DNA to prove how distant an individual is to a family, a group or a population 8 The Molecular Genealogy Research G
21、roup is building a database for the purpose of_. （ A） offering assistance in working out genealogy-related problems （ B） solving many issues without relying on traditional written records （ C） providing a pedigree chart of at least four generations in the world （ D） confirming the assumption that al
22、l individuals are of the same origin 9 If two men suspected for some reason they have a common ancestor, _. （ A） we can decide according to their family tree （ B） we can find the truth from their genetic markers （ C） we can compare the differences in their Y chromosome （ D） we can look for written r
23、ecords to prove their relationship 10 Which of the following CANNOT be inferred from the passage? （ A） We are a walking, living, breathing record of our ancestors. （ B） Many American slaves did not know who their ancestors were. （ C） An adopted child generally lacks enough information to prove his i
24、dentity. （ D） Molecular Genealogy can be used to prove a relationship between individuals. 10 The faces of elderly, happily-married people sometimes resemble each other. Dr. Aiken studied a number of couples who had been married for at least twenty-five years. Each couple provided four photographs o
25、ne photo of each partner at the time of their marriage and another photo of each partner twenty-five or more years later. All background was cut from the photos to remove any clues. The photos were then displayed in groups; a random grouping of the persons at the time of their marriage and another r
26、andom grouping of the same persons who took photographs later. Some testees were asked to pick out the partners. They failed totally with the first group. Their judgments were no better than chance. But with the photos taken twenty-five or more years after the marriage, the testees were quite succes
27、sful in deciding who was married to whom. They were particularly successful with the most happily-married couples. Dr. Aiken believes there are several reasons why couples grow alike. One reason has something to do with imitation. One person tends to copy or do the same as someone else without knowi
28、ng it. He says human begins to imitate the expressions of the faces of their loved ones. Another possible reason, he says, is the common experience of the couples. There is a tendency for people who have the same life experience to change their faces in similar ways. For example, if a couple suffere
29、d from a lot of sad experiences, their faces are likely to change in a similar way. 11 The main purpose of the passage is to _. （ A） tell how couples like each other （ B） show the life experience of husband and wife （ C） explain why couples grow alike （ D） describe the study on a number of married p
30、eople 12 In the testing, Dr. Aiken cut the background from those photos for the purpose of_. （ A） grouping those couples again （ B） leaving no trace for the testees （ C） imitating those couples life （ D） leaving the testees more chances 13 The testees failed to_. （ A） tell couples by looking at thei
31、r photos taken when they got married （ B） distinguish happily-married couples from sadly-married couples （ C） discover the difference of each partner （ D） understand Dr. Aiken s study thoroughly 14 It can be inferred from the study that （ A） life experiences tend to change one s expression （ B） shar
32、ed experiences may leave good impressions （ C） couples may learn from each other in sharing experiences （ D） couples tend to love and hate the same thing in life 15 From the passage we can draw a conclusion that_. （ A） happily-married couples are often richer than other couples （ B） couples who look
33、 alike can live longer （ C） the influence between couples can be quite strong （ D） all couples have been proved to grow alike 15 “High tech“ and “state-of-the-art“ are two expressions that describe very modern technology. High tech is just a shorter way of saying high technology. And high technology
34、 describes any invention, system of device that uses the newest ideas or discoveries of science and engineering. What is high tech? A computer is high tech. So is a communications satellite. A modern manufacturing system is surely high tech. High tech became a popular expression in the United States
35、 during the early 1980 s. Because of improvements in technology, people could buy many new kinds of products in American stores, such as home computers, microwave ovens, etc. “State-of-the-art“ is something that is as modern as possible. It is a product that is based on the very latest methods and t
36、echnology. Something that is “state-of-the-art“ is the newest possible design or product of a business or industry. A state-of-the-art television set, for example, uses the most modern electronic design and parts. It is the best that one can buy. “State-of-the-art“ is not a new expression. Engineers
37、 have used it for years, to describe the best and most modern way of doing something. Millions of Americans began to use the expression in the late 1970 s. The reason was the computer revolution. Every computer company claimed that its computers were “state-of-the-art“. Computer technology changed s
38、o fast that a state-of-the-art computer today might be old tomorrow. The expression “state-of-the-art“ became common and popular as computers themselves. Now all kinds of products are said to be “state-of-the-art“. 16 What is the purpose of the passage? （ A） To tell how “high tech“ and “state-of-the
39、-art“ have developed. （ B） To give examples of “high tech“. （ C） To tell what “high tech“ and “state-of-the-art“ are. （ D） To describe very modern technology. 17 What can we infer from the passage? （ A） American stores could provide new kinds of products to the people. （ B） High tech describes a tec
40、hnology that is not traditional. （ C） State-of-the-art is not as popular as “high tech“. （ D） A modern plough pulled by oxen is “ state-of-the-art“. 18 All the following examples are high tech except_. （ A） a microwave oven （ B） a home computer （ C） a hand pump （ D） a satellite 19 Which of the follo
41、wing statements is not true? （ A） Since the computer revolution, the expression “ state-of-the-art“ has become popular. （ B） State-of-the-art means something that is the best one can buy. （ C） With the rapid development of computer technology, a state-of-the-art computer may easily become out of dat
42、e. （ D） All kinds of products are “state-of-the-art“ nowadays. 20 The best title for the passage is_. （ A） Computer Technology （ B） High Tech and State-of-the-Art （ C） Most Advanced Technology （ D） Two New Expressions 二、 Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%) Directions: In this part, there are 30 i
43、ncomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 21 More importance needs to be given to sports, and a careful choi
44、ce of_forms are most suitable should be made; this calls for close cooperation between physical education instructor and the school physician. （ A） whose （ B） which （ C） whether （ D） why 22 Electronic computers,_many advantages, cannot carry out creative work or replace man. （ A） though having had （
45、 B） which have （ C） even if having （ D） over which have 23 It was no_that his car was seen near the bank at the time of the robbery. （ A） coincidence （ B） convention （ C） certainty （ D） complication 24 Success in life does not depend so much on one s school record_on one s honesty and diligence. （ A
46、） but （ B） whereas （ C） as （ D） like 25 He wrote_song, which turned out to be rather popular with_young. （ A） the; the （ B） a; 不填 （ C） a; the （ D） the; 不填 26 Jim was just about to_the question when he suddenly got the answer. （ A） submit to （ B） work out （ C） arrive at （ D） give up 27 It is necessar
47、y to put bottles of pills out of_. （ A） reach （ B） hand （ C） hold （ D） place 28 He spends several months_the wild horse. （ A） to tend （ B） cultivating （ C） breeding （ D） to breed 29 It is because she is too inexperienced_she does not know how to deal with the situation. （ A） so （ B） that （ C） so tha
48、t （ D） which 30 Though_in a big city, he s good at working in the farm. （ A） grown （ B） raised （ C） tended （ D） cultivated 31 She was_of stealing in the shop. （ A） accused （ B） charged （ C） scolded （ D） cursed 32 We_our new neighbors yet, so we dont know their names. （ A） dont meet （ B） wont meet （
49、C） havent met （ D） hadnt met 33 Your mind should be_on work and study. （ A） guided （ B） aimed （ C） directed （ D） focused 34 Do you know her? I remember_. （ A） somewhere having seen her （ B） having somewhere seen her （ C） having seen her somewhere （ D） having seen somewhere her 35 We should do as much as we can_our country better and more beautiful. （ A） make （ B） to make （ C） makes （ D） making 36 When people tal
