1、笔译三级实务模拟试卷 5及答案与解析 一、 PART 1 English-Chinese Translation (60 points) Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this part is 120 minutes. 1 I leave the vault, and as the guard closes the door, a marine archaeologist asks if I want to see anything else. As an example he shows me an as
2、trolabe, a navigation tool that preceded the sextant. Few have survived. “We have three of the oldest known,“ he says. He directs me to a paper on astrolabes written by a Cuban colleague, who quoted a 16th-century instruction: “He who wants to take the sun with an astrolabe at sea, must be seated ne
3、ar the main mast, the place where the boat oscillates the least and is quiet.“ I want to take the measure of Cubas past, so I tell the archaeologist I would like to go to the place where the plain things are. I am here not only to see treasures that glitter but also to see and touch objects that ill
4、umine moments of the past. Smiling, he takes me into storage rooms where he and other archaeologists preserve cargoes from four centuries of wrecks. Jumbled on these shelves is the stuff of Cubas long reign as counting house and command center for Spains New World colonies. I see knickknacks destine
5、d for one of the annual 18th-century trade fairs, where Cubans bought imports from Spain. I also see, pallid from centuries in the sea, dozens of little painted ceramic dogs, lions, cats, and deer later shipped from England. Stacked nearby are sets of dinner dishes, tankards, an hourglass, a bottle
6、of very Old Spanish wine. On another day, in fading light, I walk the ramparts of E1 Morro, its lighthouse standing tall over Havanas harbor. The old fortress, by day a warren of tourist stops, changes by night, looming deeper into the shadows of Havanas past. As torches light the darkness, I watch
7、Cuban soldiers, costumed as 18th-century Spanish sentries, march along the ramparts of the Castillo de San Carlos and fire a cannon that salutes the end of day. In Spanish times the cannon signaled the closing of the city gates and the drawing of a great chain across the harbor. Now the nightly ritu
8、al keeps open the sea-lane of memory between colonial past and present nationhood. Near the waterfront of Old Havana stands the Palace of the Captains General. Once the headquarters of the Spanish bureaucracy that governed Cuba, the palace now is the Museum of the city. Light and shadow play along i
9、ts walls of coral limestone. Royal palms rustle in its lust courtyard. Up a stone stairway a gallery leads to the spacious office of Eusebio Leal Spengler, historian of the city of Havana and preserver of its past. A slight, precise man in a well-tailored dark suit, he is the obvious ruler of the pa
10、lace. We had hardly shaken hands before he began rapidly talking about Havana, a city he sees simultaneously in past and present. The jewels I had viewed in the vault were about to become part of the treasure he guards for Cuba. He has selected an old fort to be their new home. “This,“ he said with
11、a sweep of his hand, “is the city that changed history. Because of a decision by Philip all ships had to gather here to carry treasure back to Spain. And what treasure! Silk and aromatic wood from China, emeralds, silver.“ 二、 PART 2 Chinese-English Translation (40 points) Translate the following pas
12、sage into English. The time for this part is 60 minutes. 2 就业是民生之本，是人们赖以生存和发展的基本经济资源。由于人口众多，劳动力资源丰富和经济结构调整等原因，中国目前面临巨大的就业压力。中国政府始终将促进就业作为国民经济和社会发展的战略任务，将控制失业率列入国民经济宏观调控的主要目标，合理调整就业结构，建立市场导向的就业机制，大力促进就业总量的增加，总体上保持了就业形式的基本稳定。 在增加基本建设投资，积极扩大内需，保持国民经济快速发展的同时，中国政 府通过产业政策的调整，重视发展具有比较优势和市场潜力的劳动密集型企业，积极发展多种
13、所有制经济，鼓励灵活多样的就业形式，增加就业岗位，拓宽就业渠道。 为解决农村劳动力的就业问题，中国政府积极调整农业和农村经济结构，鼓励发展效益农业和劳动密集型农业，积极引导农村富余劳动力的合理流动。 为提高劳动者的文化素质和职业技能，中国政府通过多种途径，努力发展各类教育事业，努力建立一个全方位多层次的职业技术教育和培训体系。 笔译三级实务模拟试卷 5答案与解析 一、 PART 1 English-Chinese Translation (60 points) Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this par
14、t is 120 minutes. 1 【正确答案】 我离开地窖，当卫兵关上门的时候，一位海洋考古学家问我是否还想看点别的什么，比如星盘，译一比六分仪还早的航海工具，这种工具现存的已经很少了。他说： “现在所知的年代最久远的星盘，我们就占据了三只。 ”他带我去看他的一位古巴同事所著的关于星盘的文章，文中摘引了一段 16世纪关于星盘的说明： “在海上，若要测定太阳，你必须靠近主桅坐着，因为这个位置受到来自船的震荡最小，也最安静。 ” 我想了解的是古巴的过去，因此，我告诉这位考古学家我想去看看那些普通的东西。我到这儿来的目的不仅仅是为了参观这些闪光的珍宝，还想看一看并感触一下那些展示了古巴过去的东
15、西。他微笑着带我进了几间储藏室。在这些储藏室里，我看到了他和其他的考古学家们珍藏的从近 400年来的沉船残骸中搜集到的货物，杂乱地堆在架子上的东西表明了古巴曾作为西班牙新大陆殖民地的帐房和指挥中心的漫长时期。 在储藏室里 ，我看到了那些为 18世纪一年一度的贸易博览会而准备的小装饰品。通过博览会，古巴人从西班牙进口货物。我还看到了数十件从英国海运回来的彩色的陶瓷小狗、狮子、小猫、小鹿等，经过数百年海水的冲刷，它们都已褪色不少。堆在近旁的还有好几套餐具，大啤酒杯，一只沙漏和一瓶很有年头的西班牙酒。 又一天傍晚，在暮色中，我在 EI Morro堡垒的防护墙散步，堡垒的灯塔高高屹立在哈瓦那的港口边。
16、这古老的边塞，白天迎来一批批游客，夜晚若隐若现，昭示着哈瓦那久远的过去。当火把燃起照亮黑夜时，我看到身着 18世纪西班牙哨兵服饰的古 巴士兵们沿着圣 卡洛斯城堡的防护墙走过，开炮宣告一天的结束。在西班牙时代，开炮就表示关城门并拉起环绕港口的长铁链子。而现在，在夜晚继续这一仪式，让人们更加铭记古巴作为殖民地的过去和它今天作为一个国家的地位。 在哈瓦那老城的海边伫立着总督府。它曾经是西班牙统治古巴的总部，现在却是这座城市的博物馆。光与影在珊瑚礁灰砌的墙上斑驳地舞动着。皇家的棕榈树在青草丛生的院子里发出沙沙的响声。拾级而上，一条走廊通向历史学家兼历史保护者奥 斯宾格勒的办公室。瘦削的他身着做工精细的
17、黑色的礼服显得 有些严谨。显而易见地，他统治着这座宫殿。 我们刚刚握完手，他已经飞快地讲起了哈瓦那，这座他见证了过去和现在的城市。我在地下室里参观过的珠宝将被置于他的保护之下。他已经挑选了一座古堡作为它们的新家。他的手一挥，说： “就是这座城市改变了历史。因为菲力普二世的一个决定，所有的船就不得不聚集于此将所有的珍宝都运回西班牙。那些宝贵的珍宝啊 !有中国的丝绸和香料，还有猫眼石，银子等等。 ” 二、 PART 2 Chinese-English Translation (40 points) Translate the following passage into English. The
18、time for this part is 60 minutes. 2 【正确答案】 Employment is the basis of peoples livelihood and the basic economic resource that people rely on for subsistence and development. At present, China faces a great employment pressure, due to its huge population, abundant labor resources and economic restruc
19、turing. The Chinese Government has always regarded increasing employment opportunities as a major strategic task in economic and social development, and controlling the rate of unemployment as a main target in macro-economic regulation and control. It has rationally readjusted the employment structu
20、re, established a market-oriented employment mechanism, made great efforts to increase overall employment and maintained basic stability in the general employment situation. While increasing capital construction investment, vigorously expanding domestic demand and maintaining the rapid development o
21、f the national economy, the government, through readjustment of its industrial policies, stresses the development of labor-intensive enterprises with comparative advantages and market potential. It also increases employment and expands employment channels by vigorously developing the economy with di
22、verse forms of ownership and by encouraging various forms of employment. To solve the problem related to the employment of rural laborers, the Chinese Government has been vigorously readjusting agricultural and rural economic structures, encouraging the development of profitable and labor-intensive
23、agriculture, and actively guiding the rational flow of surplus rural laborers. To raise the cultural level and professional skills of the labor force, the Chinese Government has striven to promote all forms of education through various channels and establish an all-round, multi-level vocational and
24、technical education and training system. 【试题解析】 1就业是民生之本，是人们赖以生存和发展的基本经济资源。Employment is the basis of peoples livelihood and the basic economic resource that people rely on for subsistence and development. 分析 选词用词采分点。 “民生之本 ”可译为 the basis of peoples livelihood，也可译为 the basis of peoples living。 2国政府始
25、终将促进就业作为国民经济和社会发展的战略任务，将控制失业率列入国民经济宏观调控的主要目标，合理调整就业结构，建立市场导向的就业机制，大力促进就业总量的增加，总体上保持了就业形式的基本稳定。 The Chinese Government has always regarded increasing employment opportunities as a major strategic task in economic and social development， and controlling the rate of unemployment as a main target in mac
26、ro-economic regulation and control. It has rationally readjusted the employment structure， established a market-oriented employment mechanism， made great efforts to increase overall employment and maintained basic stability in the general employment situation. 分析 理解结构采分点。 原文句子结构复杂，需要断句来翻译，前半句的主干是 “中
27、国政府将促进就业作为战略任务，将控制失业率列入主要目标 ”。在第 二个逗号处将句子断开，即 “合理调整就业结构，建立市场导向 的基本稳定 ”翻译成另外一句。 3劳动密集型企业 labor-intensive enterprises 分析 基本素质采分点。 劳动密集型是常见的时事词汇。 4在增加基本建设投资，积极扩大内需，保持国民经济快速发展的同时，中国政府通过产业政策的调整，重视发展具有比较优势和市场潜力的劳动密集型企业，积极发展多种所有制经济，鼓励灵活多样的就业形式，增加就业岗位，拓宽就业渠道。 While increasing capital construction investment
28、， vigorously expanding domestic demand and maintaining the high-speed development of the national economy， the government, through readjustment of its industrial policies, stresses the development of labor-intensive enterprises with comparative advantages and market potential. It also increases empl
29、oyment and expands employment channels by vigorously developing the economy with diverse forms of ownership and by encouraging various forms of employment. 分析 理解结构采分点。 原句句子结构复杂，同样需要将其断开来翻译。译文将 “在增加 的同 时 ”翻成现在分词作伴随状语。 “积极发展多种所有制经济，鼓励灵活多样的就业形式，增加就业岗位，拓宽就业渠道 ”翻译成一个独立的句子。 “增加就业岗位，拓宽就业渠道 ”要翻译成并列的动宾结构 “It
30、 also increases employment and expands employment channels”。原句中的另外两个动宾词组 “积极发展多种所有制经济，鼓励灵活多样的就业形式 ”表示一种手段，所以译成介词短语做状语 “by vigorously developing the economy with diverse forms of ownership and by encouraging various forms of employment”。 5努力建立一个全方位多层次的职业技术教育和培训体系 establish an all-round， multi-level vocational and technical education and training system。 分析 选词用词采分点。 “全方位的 ”可译为 all-round，也可以为 comprehensive。 “多层次的 ”译为multilevel。
