1、考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编 14及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 The new secretary has written a remarkably _ report within a few hundred words but with all the important details included.(2004年湖北省考博试题 ) ( A) concise ( B) precise ( C) brisk ( D) elaborate 2 From his appearance we may safely _that he is a hea
2、vy smoker. ( A) conduct ( B) conclude ( C) condense ( D) expect 3 I have come to the _ that it would be unwise to accept his proposal. ( A) point ( B) understanding ( C) theory ( D) conclusion 4 The two men were found guilty of armed robbery, and _ to four years imprisonment. ( A) judged ( B) condem
3、ned ( C) convicted ( D) found 5 The destruction of rainforests has been_as a disaster for the environment. (2002年上海交通大学考博试题 ) ( A) blamed ( B) declared ( C) condemned ( D) appealed 6 He_ his essay from 3,000 to 1,500 words. ( A) combined ( B) condensed ( C) concentrated ( D) deleted 7 The mayor was
4、asked to_ his speech in order to allow his audience to raise questions.(2015年北京航空航天大学考博试题 ) ( A) constrain ( B) conduct ( C) condense ( D) converge 8 Whether right or wrong, he has some new ideas about how the lesson should be_. ( A) conducted ( B) deducted ( C) concluded ( D) deduced 9 He _ taking
5、part in a plot to free the prisoner. ( A) confessed ( B) claimed ( C) confined ( D) recognized 10 Those persons whose religious _heavily relied on rituals, such as infant baptism, were more likely to support the Democrats. (2015年北京航空航天大学考博试题 ) ( A) confession ( B) condemnation ( C) establishment ( D
6、) acknowledgement 11 He said he had great_ in his secretary; she would do the right thing. ( A) confidence ( B) knowledge ( C) acquaintance ( D) information 12 I was most favorably struck by the assurance with which the boy answered all my questions.(2004年秋 季电子科技大学考博试题 ) ( A) insurance ( B) confiden
7、ce ( C) reluctance ( D) independence 13 Now, dont tell anyone else what Ive just told you. Remember, its _.(2002年中国科学院考博试题 ) ( A) controversial ( B) secretive ( C) confidential ( D) sacred 14 During an international crisis, many_ messages will generally emanate from the presidents office.(2002年复旦大学考
8、博试题 ) ( A) confidential ( B) abstruse ( C) appalling ( D) compelling 15 We tried to_ our conversation to arguments relevant to the topic. ( A) confirm ( B) confine ( C) restrain ( D) determine 16 I dont know whether what she said is true, but Ill try to_ it. ( A) confine ( B) conform ( C) testify (
9、D) confirm 17 New data has_that the damage to the ozone layer is not confined to the southern hemisphere.(2002年武汉大学考博试题 ) ( A) ratified ( B) confirmed ( C) assured ( D) approved 18 The teachers behavior and the students response _ what many people have said about language learning.(2004年西南财经大学考博试题 )
10、 ( A) confine ( B) conform ( C) consent ( D) confirm 19 The news you told me the other day has yet to be _.(2003年西南财经大学考博试题 ) ( A) affirmed ( B) informed ( C) conformed ( D) confirmed 20 She suffered from a _ of feelings about her career. ( A) confrontation ( B) difference ( C) pain ( D) conflict 21
11、 He said it would not be all that difficult to reach a peaceful conclusion to the _.(2010年四川大学考博试题 ) ( A) paradox ( B) dilemma ( C) prejudice ( D) conflict 22 If the world is to remain peaceful the utmost effort must be made by nations to limit local _.(2011年四川大学 考博试题 ) ( A) collisions ( B) combats
12、( C) contradictions ( D) conflicts 23 On the first day when a pupil enters school, he is asked to _ to the school rules.(2003年上海交通大学考博试题 ) ( A) concede ( B) conform ( C) comply ( D) confront 24 In many societies, the person who fails to _ to conventional behavior is likely to be avoided by others.(2
13、006年中国矿业大学考博试题 ) ( A) concede ( B) conform ( C) confine ( D) confer 25 All individuals are required to _to the laws made by their governments. (2011年四川大学考博试题 ) ( A) obey ( B) conform ( C) concede ( D) observe 考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编 14答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题意为 “新来的秘书写了一份相当简明的
14、报告,只有几百个词,但所有的重要细节都包括进去了 ”。 concise的意思是 “简洁的,简明的 ”; precise的意思是 “精确的,明确的 ”; brisk的意思是 “活泼的,活跃的 ”; elaborate的意思是 “精心制作的,复杂的 ”。四个选项中只有 A项为正确答案。 2 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 conclude vt推断出,推论出,断定;结束 (如: conclude sth from the facts conclude from sth that We concluded the meeting at 8 oclock The meeting was conclud
15、ed at 8 )。 conduct vt处理,管理;指挥,引导;传导。 condense v. 压缩, (使 )缩短; (使 )凝聚。 expect vt预料;期待,等待。 3 【正确答 案】 D 【试题解析】 conclusion n.结论,推论;结尾;缔结,议定 (协议、条约等 )come to arriveat reach the conclusion(that)得出结论; jump to a conclusion匆忙得出结论; come toa conclusion结束: at the conclusion of在 结束时; in conclusion(用在讲话或文章的结尾 )最后:
16、 the conclusion of a peace treaty缔结和平条约。 come to the point谈正题,谈主要问题。 come to reach the understanding(that)达成的谅解是 。 theory n理论 (没有 come to the theory的说法 )。 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 condemn vt定罪,判处,宣告有罪;谴责 (如; The judge condemned the criminal to ten years in jail/to the gallows/to a year of hard labourto spe
17、nd all his life in jail )。 judge vt.审判,削决;作裁判 (注:宾语多为 casecompetition等, 如: Who is going to judge the next case the competition?)。convict vt (经审讯 )证明 有罪,宣判犯有 罪 (convict sb of a crime)。 find vt判定,断定 (只用于表示 find sb guilty断定某人有罪; find that it was murder判断这是一起谋杀 )。 5 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题中, C项的 “condemned谴责
18、,判刑 ”符合题意。如: condemn sb s behaviour(谴责某人的举动 )。其他三项 “blamed责各; declared宦布;appealed控诉 ”都不正确。 6 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 condense vt压缩,缩短;使凝聚。 7 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 condense意为 “精简,浓缩 ”。根据句意: “市长被要求缩短讲话,以便让听众提问。 ”故选 C。其他三项中, A项 constrain意为 “限制 ”; B项conduct意为 “控制,实施 ”; D项 converge意为 “聚集 ”,都不符合句意。 8 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 co
19、nduct vt处理,管理,进行:指挥,引导:传导 (热、电、声、光等 )。 deduct(from)vt减去,扣除。 conclude vt推断出,推论出;结束。deduce vt推论,推断;演绎。 9 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 confess vt坦白,供认;承认 (confess ones error doing sth wrong that confess to a weakness to having done sth, confess oneselfto beguilty)。 claim vt声称,主张 (claim to be that to have done sth )
20、。 confine(to)vt.限制,把 局限于。 recognize vt.认出,识别; (政治或外交上的 )承认。 10 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 confession意为 “忏悔,承认 ”。根据句意: “那些极为依赖婴儿洗礼等宗教忏悔仪式的人更可能支持民主党。 ”故选 A。其他三项中, B项condemnation意为 “谴责,定罪 ”: C项 establishment意为 “建立 ”; D项acknowledgement意为 “承认,确认 ”,都不符合句意。 11 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 confidence n信仃,信心 (have lack/put confiden
21、ce in sb /sth; do/say sth with confidence)。 have(a)knowledge of对 懂,知道,了解。 have(an)acquaintance with认识,熟悉 (make sb s acquaintance make the acquaintance of sb结 识,认识某人 )。 have information about as to对 了解,知道。 12 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题中, assurance的意思是 “确信,断言,保证,担保 ”。四个选项中, confidence的意思是 “信心 ”,如: We have ful
22、l confidence that we shall succeed (我们完全有把握取得成功。 )insurance的意思是 “保险 (业 )”; reluctance的意思是 “勉强 ”; independence的意思是 “独立 ”。只有 B项符合题 意。 13 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题中, confidential的意思是 “机密的,秘密的 ”,常用作系表结构。如: confidential clerk(机要秘书 )。其他三项 “controversial有争议的;secretive隐瞒的,不可告人的; sacred神圣的 ”都不正确。 14 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】
23、 本题是说在国际危机期间,许多机密信息通常来自于总统办公室。A项的 “confidential机密的 ”符合题意。其他三项 “abstruse深奥的; appalling骇人听闻的; compelling强制的,激发兴趣的 ”都不正确。 15 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 confine(to)vt把 限制在,使 局限于 (如: Confine your remark to the main issue confine yourself to the matter under discussion Her illness confined her to bed )。 confirm vt.
24、证实,肯定;进一步确认:批准,确认(confirm the theory my belief me in my belief that) 。 restrain vt抑制,遏制(情感、情绪 );阻止,控制 (使不做 from+动词 ing形式 )。 determine vt决定:查明,确定;决心。 16 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 confirm vt证实,肯定:进一步确定 (如: The experiment confirmed his theory The hotel confirmed our reservations by telegram )。confine(to)vt限 制,使局
25、限于 (如: Confine your remarks to the main issue Her illness confined her to bed )。 conform(to with)vi遵照,适应。 testify vt作证,证明;表明,说明。 17 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题意为 “新的数据证实臭氧成层的破坏并不限于南半球 ”。 B项的“confirm证实 ”符合题意。如: Please confirm your telephone message by writing to me (请给我来封信,好进一步证实你在电话中传达的消息。 )其他三项 “ratify批准,许可
26、: assure保证; approve同意,赞成 ”都不正确。 18 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题中, D项的 “conform使一致,使遵守,使顺从 ”符合题意如: A coat must conform to the figure of the wearer.(衣服必须与身材相配。 )其他三项 “confine限制,禁闭; consent同意,赞成; confirm确定,证实,使巩固,使有效 ”都不正确。 19 【正 确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题是说前几天你告诉我的消息已经被证实了。 D项的 “confirmed证实 ”符合题意,如: The hotel confirmed o
27、ur reservations by telegram (旅馆给我们来电确认所订膳宿不作变动。 )其他三项 “affirmed断言,确认: informed通知; conformed使遵守,使一致 ”都不正确。 20 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 conflict n. vi.冲突,抵触 (如: settle differences by armed conflict stir up conflicts between two persons A conflict of opinion arose over what food was best for the rabbit to be in
28、 conflict with each other)。confrontation(between)n 对抗。 difference n差别,差异;差额; (意见 )分歧。pain n痛,疼痛;痛苦,悲痛。 21 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 在给出的选 项中; paradox“似非而是的论点,自相矛盾的话 ”;dilemma“困境,进退两难 ”; prejudice“偏见,伤害,成见 ”; conflict“冲突,争执,矛盾 ”。根据句意和各个选项的意思可知。正确答案是 D。 22 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 在给出的选项中: collisions“冲突 ”; combat“战斗 ”;c
29、ontradiction“(意见等 )相互矛盾,冲突 ”; conflict“冲突 (指处于战争状态或激烈的争吵 )”。根据句意和各个选项的意思可知,正确答案是 D。 23 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题空格处是说要求遵守校规。 B项的 “conform(to)遵守 ”符合题意,如: conform to the customs of society(遵守社会习俗 )。其他三项 “concede让步; comply(with)遵从; confront使面对,对抗 ”都不正确。 24 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 四个选项中, A项 concede的意思是 “让给,给予;容许;承认失败 ”, B项 conform的意思是 “遵照,遵守,适虑 (十 to with)”, C项 confine的意思是 “限制;使局限 ”, D项 confer的意思是 “商谈,协商:授予 (学位等 )”。根据题意, B项为正确答案。 25 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 在给出的选项中: obey“遵守 ”,后直接加名词; conform“遵守,遵从 ”, conform to为固定搭配; concede“承认,出让 ”; observe“观察 ”。根据句意和各个选项的意思可知,正确答案是 B。