1、职称英语（卫生类） ABC级综合模拟试卷 8及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed. （ A） expressive （ B） physical （ C） exaggerated （ D） dubious 2 Techniques to harness the energy of the sun are being develop
2、ed. （ A） convert （ B） store （ C） utilise （ D） receive 3 Many residents of apartment complexes object to noisy neighbors. （ A） managers （ B） occupants （ C） landlords （ D） caretakers 4 The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatly increased the cost of shipping cargo by water. （ A） c
3、ontinuously （ B） quickly （ C） excessively （ D） exceptionally 5 Hundreds of years ago cloves were used to remedy headaches. （ A） disrupt （ B） diagnose （ C） evaporate （ D） cure 6 John Hanson helped draft instructions for Marylands delegates to the Stamp Act Congress. （ A） clarify （ B） formulate （ C） r
4、evise （ D） contribute 7 Practically all species of animals communicate either through sounds or through a large repertory of soundless codes. （ A） Simultaneously （ B） Almost （ C） Absolutely （ D） Basically 8 Sulphur has occasionally been found in the earth in an almost pure state. （ A） regularly （ B）
5、 accidentally （ C） sometimes （ D） successfully 9 When doves are about two weeks old, they are covered with grey feathers and are ready to try their wings. （ A） grow （ B） wrap （ C） hide （ D） test 10 I rarely wear a raincoat because I spend most of my time in a car. （ A） normally （ B） seldom （ C） cont
6、inuously （ D） usually 11 When she was invited to the party, she readily accepted. （ A） willingly （ B） suddenly （ C） firmly （ D） quickly 12 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth. （ A） take out （ B） repair （ C） pull （ D） dig 13 You must shine your shoes. （ A） lighten （ B） clean （ C） wash （
7、D） polish 14 The majority of people around here are decent people. （ A） honest （ B） rich （ C） good-looking （ D） high-ranking 15 A deadly disease has affected these animals. （ A） contagious （ B） serious （ C） fatal （ D） worrying 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的 内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是
8、正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Most Adults in US Have Low Risk of Heart Disease More than 80 percent of US adults have a less than 10-percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years, according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. Just
9、 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent. “I hope that these numbers will give physicians, researchers, health policy analysts, and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease is distributed in the US population,“ lead author Dr. Earl S. Ford. from the Centers for Disease Control and Pr
10、evention in Atlanta, said in a statement. The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects, between 20 and 79 years of age, who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994. Overall, 82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percen
11、t, 15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent, and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent. The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age, and men were more likely than women to be in this group. By contrast, race or ethnicity had little effect on risk
12、 distributions. Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10-year risk of heart disease, a large proportion have a high or immediate risk, Dr. Daniel S. Berman, from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, and Dr. Nathan D. Wong, from the University of California at Irvine, note i
13、n a related editorial. Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward, they add. 16 The 10-year risk of heart disease is low for most US adults. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Only 3 percent of US adults have a more th
14、an 10 percent 10-year risk of heart disease. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 More than 100 thousand people participated in the survey. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 There was a greater proportion of men than women in the survey. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 T
15、he distributions of the risk of heart disease are closely related to race. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Elderly people have a higher risk of heart disease than younger people. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The US government will take measures to reduce the overall popula
16、tion risk. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的 短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 US Signs Global Tobacco Treaty 1 The United States has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco tr
17、eaty that promises to help control the deadly effects of tobacco use throughout the world. Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson signed the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) this week at the United Nations. The Senate must still approve the treaty before the US can implemen
18、t its provisions. 2 The FCTC was developed by the World Health Organization and approved by members of the World Health Assembly, including the United States, last year. Countries that ratify it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies. 3 For instance, cigarettes sold in those coun
19、tries would have to have health warnings on at least 30% of the front and back of every pack. The treaty calls for higher tobacco taxes, restrictions on smoking in public places, and more promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs. It also requires bans on tobacco advertising, though the
20、re are some exceptions for countries like the United States, where the Constitution prohibits such an outright ban. 4 The impact of the treaty could be huge. The World Health Organization estimates that tobacco use kills nearly 5 million people worldwide every year. In the US alone, about 440,000 pe
21、ople die each year from tobacco-related illnesses; about one-third of all cancers in the US are caused by tobacco use. If current trends continue, WHO estimates, by 2025 tobacco will kill 10 million people each year. 5 The treaty must be ratified by at least 40 countries before it can take effect. S
22、o far, 109 countries have signed it, and 12 have ratified it. 23 A What the FCTC Demands B US Signing of the FCTC C Opposition to the FCTC D How the FCTC Came into Being E What the FCTC Will Bring about F Ratification of the FCTC 23 Paragraph 1 _ 24 Paragraph 2 _ 25 Paragraph 3 _ 26 Paragraph 4 _ 27
23、 A have ratified it B approving it C implement its provisions D restrict smoking in public places E caused by tobacco use F including higher tobacco taxes 27 Signing the FCTC is only the first step toward _. 28 Countries that ratify the FCTC will have to, among other things, _. 29 It is hoped that t
24、he FCTC will greatly help to reduce deaths _. 30 Much more countries have signed the FCTC than those that _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳 选项。 31 The Poverty Line In the United States during 1992, any family of four with an annual cash income of less than 14,335(be
25、fore taxes) was considered poor. The dollar amount was called the poverty line, an economic measuring rod devised in 1964. the line was set at three times the amount needed to provide the cheapest nutritionally balanced diet. The poverty line is adjusted annually for inflation. While the poverty lin
26、e in the United States was more than 14,000, the average annual per-person income in Bangladesh was 200, in Ethiopia average annual per-person income in Bangladesh was 200, in Ethiopia 130, in Haiti 340, and in Mall 265. Anyone in those nations with an income of 14,000 would be considered wealthy. D
27、uring the Great Depression in the United States, when half the population was considered poor, a family with an income at the 1992 poverty line could afford to buy a house, a car, clothing, and food. The reality of poverty varies with location and social and political conditions. Poverty basically m
28、eans a lack of, or an insufficient amount of, the three primary physical needs food, clothing, and shelter. But for poverty to be recognized, it must exist alongside prosperity. Before the discovery of the New World, the American Indians would not have considered themselves poor, though they lived w
29、ith only the bare necessities and a few handmade artifacts(人工制品 ). The severity of poverty varies, depending on the economic vitality of the nation in which it occurs. In the modern industrialized societies of the nation in which it occurs. In the modern industrialized societies of Western Europe, N
30、orth America, and Japan, there are many government services provided to ease poverty including free medical care and subsidized housing. The homeless of New York City and Los Angeles can usually find some shelter and a mission offering free meals. 31 You would be considered poor in America if _. （ A
31、） you are out of a job （ B） you earn less than three times the amount needed to provide the cheapest diet （ C） you earn less than 14,335 (before taxes) per year （ D） the amount of money you earn is below the current poverty line 32 The average annual cash income perperson before taxes in the USA in
32、1992 was _. （ A） more than 14,000 （ B） 200 （ C） 14,335 （ D） about 3,580 33 The purpose of the example of the American Indians given in the 3rd paragraph is to show that poverty is _. （ A） absolute （ B） non-existent （ C） relative （ D） never recognized 34 Free medical care and subsidized housing most
33、probably exist in _ to relieve the poor and the needy. （ A） Bangladesh （ B） Haiti （ C） Canada （ D） India 35 Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? （ A） From 1929 to 1933, 50% of the American population lived in poverty. （ B） Where there is prosperity, there is povert
34、y. （ C） Poverty basically refers to a lack of clothing, housing and food. （ D） Anyone with an annual income around the 1992 American poverty line would be considered wealthy. 36 Poetry People seldom feel neutral about poetry(诗 ). Those who love it sometimes give the impression that it is an adequate
35、 substitute for food, shelter, and lobe. It isnt words, no matter how satisfying, are never an equivalent for life itself and its human experiences. Those who dislike poetry on principle sometimes claim, on the other hand, that poetry is only works and good for nothing. Thats not true either. It is
36、easy to become frustrated by words-in poetry or in life-but when words represent and recreate genuine human feelings, as they often do in poetry, they can be very important. Poetry is, in fact, more than just words. It is an experience of words, and those who know how to read poetry can easily exten
37、d their experience of life, their sense of what other people are like, their awareness of themselves, and their range of human feelings. One reason poetry can be so important is that it is so closely concerned with feelings, poetry is often full of ideas, too, and sometimes poems can be powerful exp
38、eriences of the mind, but most poems are primarily about how people feel rather than how people think. Poems provide, in fact, a language for feeling, and one of poetrys most insistent merits involves its at tempt to express the inexpressible. How can anyone, for example, put into words what it mean
39、s to be in love or what it feels like to lose someone one cares about? Poetry tries, and it often captures exactly the shade of emotion that feels just right to a reader. No single poem can be said to express all the things that love or death feels like, or means, but one of the joys of experiencing
40、 poetry occurs when we read a poem and want to say,“ Yes, that is just what it is like; I know exactly what that line means but Ive never been able to express it so well.“ Poetry can be the voice of our feelings even when our minds are speechless with grief or joy. 36 “People seldom feel neutral abo
41、ut poetry“(in Para. 1) in this context means that _. （ A） few people think that poetry is neutral （ B） people always differ in their views about poetry （ C） people rarely take a biased opinion about poetry （ D） people generally think of poetry as extremely important or totally useless 37 The author
42、suggests that _. （ A） poetry tends to made the reader disappointed （ B） poetry makes its readers sentimental （ C） poetry is more important than words （ D） poetry often captures real human feelings 38 According to the author, poetry _. （ A） is more than just words （ B） is the poets feelings about wor
43、ds （ C） is anything but patterns of lines （ D） is an experiment on the use of words 39 Poetry tries, persistently, to express _. （ A） what love and death mean （ B） what people think about themselves （ C） what people feel but find it hard to describe （ D） how people go through life 40 This passage is
44、 mainly about _. （ A） the structure of poetry （ B） the components of poetry （ C） the nature and importance of poetry （ D） the appreciation of poetry 41 Jean Sibelius and His Music Jean Sibelius felt very much alone because he couldnt accept the music of that day. He believed that one should be able
45、to make for oneself an ideal by reflection, and thought that modern music did not progress because it marked time without moving a step farther. When he began work on his Fifth Symphony, Europe and his beloved Finland were being ravaged by World War I. He wrote in September of 1914. “But I already b
46、egin to see dimly the mountain that I shall certainly ascend God opens His door for a moment and His orchestra plays the Fifth Symphony.“ But from the very first he was full of doubts about this work. He wasnt sure whether or not he should have begun on the Fifth Symphony. He suffered a good deal fo
47、r having persevered in composing symphonies at a time when practically all composers had turned to other forms of expression. The Fifth Symphony was completed late in 1915. It was performed on the composers fiftieth birthday which was declared a national holiday. Sibelius conducted the concert but h
48、e was not satisfied with this new work. In October of 1916, he revised the symphony but a performance two months later still did not satisfy him. 41 Why did Jean Sibelius feel alone? （ A） Because he realized his limitations as a music composer. （ B） Because he couldnt accept the music of that day. （
49、 C） Because he lived far from his family. （ D） Because all of his friend excluded him from music. 42 What did Sibelius think of modern music? （ A） It reflected an ideal. （ B） It did not make music progress. （ C） It was too progressive. （ D） It was not popular. 43 How did Sibelius feel after conducting the Fifth Symphony in 1915? （ A） He was uncertain about his work. （ B） He thought he was blind. （ C） He was satisfied with his conducting. （ D）
