1、职称英语（卫生类） B级模拟试卷 7及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Almost all economists agree that nations gain by trading with one another. （ A） work （ B） profit （ C） rely （ D） prove 2 The conference explored the possibility of closer trade links. （ A） denie
2、d （ B） investigated （ C） stressed （ D） created 3 The chemical is deadly to rats but safe to cattle. （ A） fatal （ B） hateful （ C） good （ D） useful 4 During his lifetime he was able to accumulate quite a fortune. （ A） control （ B） spend （ C） collect （ D） exchange 5 Its impolite to cut in when two pers
3、ons are holding a conversation. （ A） leave （ B） talk loudly （ C） stand up （ D） interrupt 6 I wonder what your aim in life is. （ A） symbol （ B） goal （ C） action （ D） attitude 7 I have no alternative but to report him to the local police. （ A） opinion （ B） means （ C） choice （ D） selection 8 The indeci
4、sive man was readily persuaded to change his mind again. （ A） easily （ B） hardly （ C） subtly （ D） suddenly 9 It is useless to argue with him once he has made up his mind. （ A） settled （ B） solved （ C） said （ D） decided 10 The father was unwilling to give his son the keys to his car. （ A） reluctant （
5、 B） eager （ C） pleased （ D） angry 11 We consume a lot more than we are able to produce. （ A） waste （ B） buy （ C） use （ D） sell 12 As a writer, he turned out three novels that year. （ A） refused （ B） read （ C） produced （ D） accepted 13 Winston Churchill gave a moving speech. （ A） nervous （ B） foolish
6、 （ C） stirring （ D） fast 14 We tried to restrict our conversation to arguments relevant to the topic. （ A） put （ B） suit （ C） confine （ D） resort 15 It doesnt stand to reason that he would lie. （ A） seem logical （ B） look pleasant （ C） appear obvious （ D） sound important 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分
7、 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Easy Learning Students should be jealous. Not only do babies get to doze their days away, but theyve also mastered the fine art of learning in their sleep. By the time babies are a year old.They can rec
8、ognize a lot of sounds and even simple words. Marie Cheour at the University of Turku in Finland suspected that they might progress this fast because they learn language while they sleep as well as when they are awake. To test the theory, Cheour and their colleagues studied 45 newborn babies in the
9、first days of their lives. They exposed all the infants to an hour of Finnish vowel sounds one that sounds like “oo“, another like “ee“ and a third boundary vowel peculiar to Finnish and similar languages that sounds like something in between. EEG (脑电图 ) recording of the infants brains before and af
10、ter the session showed that the newborns could not distinguish the sounds. Fifteen of the babies then went back with their mothers, while the rest were split into two sleep-study groups. One group was exposed throughout their night-time sleeping hours to the same three vowels, while the others liste
11、ned to the other, easier-to-distinguish vowel sounds. When tested in the morning, and again in the evening, the babies whod heard the tricky boundary vowels all night showed brainwave activity indicating that they could now recognize this sound.They could identify the sound even when its pitch was c
12、hanged, while none of the other babies could pick up the boundary vowel at all. Cheour doesnt know how babies accomplish this nighttime learning, but she suspects that the special ability might indicate that unlike adults, babies dont “turn off“ their cerebral cortex(大脑皮层 )while they sleep. The skil
13、l probably fades in the course of the first years of life, she adds. So forget the idea that you can pick up the tricky French vowels as an adult just by slipping a language tape under your pillow. But while it may not help grown-ups, Cheour is hoping to use the sleeping hours to give remedial help
14、to babies who are genetically at risk of language disorders. 16 Babies can learn even in their sleep. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 An infant can recognize a lot of sounds by the time he or she is a year old. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Finnish vowels are easy to distin
15、guish. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The three vowels mentioned in this article are all Finnish sounds. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 The study shows that the infants cerebral cortex stops working while he is asleep. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Cheours has
16、 found how babies accomplish this nighttime learning. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Cheours finding can help babies learn language. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给 的
17、6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Museums in the Modern World 1. Museums have changed.They are no longer places for the privileged few or for bored vacationers to visit on rainy days. Action and democracy are words used in descriptions of museums now. 2. At a science museum in Ontario, Canada, you can feel you
18、r hair stand on end as harmless electricity passes through your body. At the Metropolitan Museum, of Art in New York City, you can look at 17th century instruments while listening to their music.At the Modem Museum in Sweden, you can put on costumes provided by the Stockholm Opera.As these examples
19、show, museums are reaching out to new audiences, particularly the young, the poor, and the less educated members of the population. As a result, attendance is increasing. 3. More and more, museums directors are realizing that people learn best when they can somehow become part of what they are seein
20、g. In many science museums, for example, there are no guided tours. The visitor is encouraged to touch, listen, operate, and experiment so as to discover scientific principles for himself. He can have the experience of operating a spaceship ox a computer. He can experiment with glass blowing and pap
21、er making. The purpose is not only to provide fun but also to help people feel at home in the world of science. The theory is that people who do not understand science will probably fear it, and those who fear science will not use it to best advantage. Many museums now provide educational services a
22、nd childrens departments. In addition to the usual displays, they also offer film showings and dance programs. Instead of being places that one “should” visit, they are places to enjoy. 4. One cause of all these changes is the increase in wealth and leisure time. Another cause is the rising percenta
23、ge of young people in the population. Many of these young people are college students or college graduates. They are better educated than their. parents. They see things in a new and different way. They are not content to stand and look at works of art; they want art they can participate in. The sam
24、e is true of science and history. In the US, certain groups who formerly were too poor to care about anything beyond the basic needs of daily life are now. becoming curious about the world around them. The young people in these groups, like young people in general, have benefited from a better educa
25、tion than their parents received.All these groups, and the rest of the population as well, have been influenced by television, which has taught them about other places and other times. 5. The effect of all this has been to change existing museums and to encourage the building of new ones. In the US
26、and Canada alone, there are now more than 6,000 museums, almost twice as many as there were 25 years ago. About half of them axe devoted to history, and the rest are evenly divided between the arts and sciences. The number of visitors, according to the American Association of museums, has risen to m
27、ore than 700 million a year. 6. In fact, the crowds of visitors at some museums are creating a major problem. Admission to museums has always been either free or very inexpensive, but now some museums are charging entrance fees for the first time or raising their prices. Even when raised, however, e
28、ntrance fees are generally too low to support a museum, with its usually large building and its highly trained staff. 23 A. Causes of Changes B. Increasing Number of Museums and Visitors C. Museums Getting Closer to More Spectators D. Movies Shown in Museums E. New Notions about the Management of Mu
29、seums F. Places to Visit 23 Paragraph 2_ 24 Paragraph 3_ 25 Paragraph 4_ 26 Paragraph 5_ 27 A. have higher demands of museums B. are open to more people with different social background C. to lengthen their opening hours D. charge too little for admission E. have been built and open to public F. by
30、lowering the admission fees 27 Now museums are no longer restricted to the privileged few, but_ 28 With the development of society, people, especially the young people,_ 29 To meet the needs of society, more museums_ 30 Two major problems for museums are that they have too many visitors and they_ 四、
31、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Last Fourth of July, Pete, a 14-year-old boy, was enjoying the lit-up skies and loud booms from the fireworks being set off in his neighborhood.Suddenly, the evening took a terrible turn. A bottle rocket shot into his eye, immediat
32、ely causing him terrible pain. His family rushed him to the emergency room for treatment. As a result of the injury, Pete developed glaucoma and cataracts. Today, Pete has permanent vision loss in his injured eye because of his bottle rocket injury. June is Fireworks Eye Safety Awareness Month, and
33、through its Eye Smart campaign the American Academy of Ophthalmology wants to remind consumers to leave fireworks to professionals. “There is nothing worse than a Fourth of July celebration ruined by someone being hit in the eye with a bottle rocket,“ said Dr. Johnc.Hagan, clinical correspondent for
34、 the Academy and an ophthalmologist at Discover Vision Centers in Kansas City. “A safe celebration means letting trained professionals handle fire- works while you enjoy the show.“ According to the U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, more than 9,000 fireworks related injuries happen each year.
35、 Of these, nearly half are head-related in- juries, with nearly 30 percent of these injuries to the eye. One-fourth of fireworks eye injuries result in permanent vision loss or blindness. Children are the most common victims of firework abuse, with those fifteen years old or younger accounting for 5
36、0 percent of fireworks eye injuries in the United States. Dr. Hagan estimates that his practice sees more than 30 injuries each year from fireworks. Even fireworks that many people consider safe represent a threat to the eyes. For children under the age of five, apparently harmless sparklers account
37、 for one-third of all fireworks injuries. Sparklers can bum at nearly 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit. 31 What happened to Pete last Fourth of July? （ A） He was burned in a house fire. （ B） He was caught in a rain. （ C） He was injured in a fight. （ D） He was hit in the eye. 32 The American Academy of Ophth
38、almology calls on consumers to_. （ A） celebrate the Fourth of July with fireworks （ B） leave fireworks to professionals in their celebrations （ C） stop celebrating the Fourth of July altogether （ D） set off fireworks together with trained professionals 33 How many fireworks eye injuries occur in the
39、 US each year? （ A） About 9,000 （ B） About 4,500 （ C） About 1,350 （ D） About 30 34 Fireworks eye injuries can result in each of the following EXCEPT_. （ A） blindness （ B） permanent vision loss （ C） glaucoma and cataracts （ D） head-related injuries 35 Which is NOT true of sparklers? （ A） They are har
40、mless to children. （ B） They are considered safe by many people. （ C） They are a threat to the eyes. （ D） They can burn at very high degrees. 36 Not content with its doubtful claim to produce cheap food for our own population, the factory farming industry also argues that “hungry nations are benefit
41、ing from advances made by the poultry(家禽 ) industry“. In fact, rather than helping the fight against malnutrition(营养不良 ) in “hungry nations“, the spread of factory farming has, inevitably aggravated the problem. Large-scale intensive meat and poultry production is a waste of food resources. This is
42、because more protein has to be fed to animals in the form of vegetable matte than can ever be recovered in the form of meat. Much of the food value is lost in the animal s process of digestion and cell replacement. Neither, in the case of chicken, can one eat feathers, blood, feet or head.In all, on
43、ly about 44% of the live animal fits to be eaten as meat. This means one has to feed approximately 9 10 times as much food value to the animal than one can consume from the carcass. As a system for feeding the hungry, the effects can prove disastrous. At times of crisis, grain is the food of life. N
44、evertheless, the huge increase in poultry production throughout Asia and Africa continues. Normally British or US firms are involved.For instance, an American based multinational company has this year announced its involvement in projects in several African countries. Britains largest suppliers of c
45、hickens, Ross Breeder, are also involved in projects all over the world. Because such trade is good for exports, Western governments encourage it. In 1979, a firm in Bangladesh called Phoenix Poultry received a grant to set up a unit of 6,000 chickens and 18,000 laying hens. This almost doubled the
46、number of poultry kept in the country all at once. But Bangladesh lacks capital, energy and food and has large numbers of unemployed.Such chicken-raising demands capital for building and machinery, extensive use of energy resources for automation, and involves feeding chickens with potential famine-
47、 relief protein food.At present, one of Bangladesh s main imports is food grains, because the country is unable to grow enough food to feed its population. On what then can they possibly feed the chicken? 36 In this passage the author argues that_。 （ A） efficiency must be raised in the poultry indus
48、try （ B） raising poultry can provide more protein than growing grain （ C） factory farming will do more harm than good to developing countries （ D） hungry nations may benefit from the development of the poultry industry 37 According to the author, in factory, vegetable food_。 （ A） is easy for chicken
49、s to digest （ B） is insufficient for the needs of poultry （ C） is fully utilized in meat and egg production （ D） is inefficiently converted into meat and eggs 38 Western governments encourage the poultry in Asia because they regard it as au effective way to_。 （ A） boost their own exports （ B） alleviate malnutrition in Asian countries （ C） create job opportunities in Asian countries （ D） promote the exports of Asian countries 39 It is claimed that the factory farming ind
