1、职称英语（卫生类） C 级模拟试卷 24 及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1 个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定 1 个意义最为接近选项。 1 You look smart in the new suit. （ A） clever （ B） handsome （ C） loyal （ D） brave 2 He hasnt the funds to carry out his design. （ A） make （ B） keep （ C） change （ D） implement 3 I was ast
2、onished at the news of his escape. （ A） amused （ B） amounted （ C） amazed （ D） approached 4 Its almost 5 oclock; time to quit. （ A） increase （ B） stop （ C） continue （ D） keep 5 Do you follow what I am saying? （ A） change （ B） investigate （ C） write （ D） understand 6 The boys broke into excited cheeri
3、ng. （ A） burst （ B） blasted （ C） burned （ D） blazed 7 China does a lot of trade with many countries. （ A） a great deal of （ B） a great many of （ C） a large number of （ D） a great level of 8 An old friend called on me the day before yesterday. （ A） telephoned （ B） rang （ C） visited （ D） saw 9 We are
4、going to have the TV fixed. （ A） prepared （ B） mended （ C） cleaned （ D） arranged 10 I am heartily grateful to your help. （ A） helpful （ B） hateful （ C） delightful （ D） thankful 11 She eventually married the most persistent one of her admirers. （ A） in a way （ B） in due course （ C） in the end （ D） in
5、 any case 12 Five minutes left, the out come of the match was still in doubt. （ A） result （ B） judgment （ C） decision （ D） event 13 The reporter was accused of unprofessional conduct. （ A） movement （ B） words （ C） principle （ D） behavior 14 He made a considerable sum of money in real estate. （ A） la
6、rge （ B） positive （ C） powerful （ D） realistic 15 A crowd gathered to see what had happened. （ A） collected （ B） fixed （ C） divided （ D） assist 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22 题，每题 1 分，共 7 分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 An Observation and an Expl
7、anation It is worth looking at one or two aspects of the way a mother behaves towards her baby. The usual fondling, cuddling and cleaning require little comment, but the position in which she holds the baby against her body when resting is rather revealing. Careful studies have shown the fact that 8
8、0 percent of mothers hold their infants in their left arms, holding them against the left side of their bodies. If asked to explain the significance of this preference most people reply that it is obviously the result of the predominance of right-handedness in the population. By holding the babies i
9、n their left arms, the mothers keep their dominant arm free for manipulations. But a detailed analysis shows that this is not the case. True, there is a slight difference between right-handed and left-handed females; but not enough to provide adequate explanation. It emerges that 83 percent of right
10、-handed mothers hold the baby on the left side, but so do 78 percent of left-handed mothers. In other words, only 22 percent of the left-handed mothers have their dominant hands free for actions. Clearly there must be some other, less obvious explanation. The only other clue comes from the fact that
11、 the heart is on the side of the mothers body. Could it be that the sound of her heartbeat is the vital factor? And in what way? Thinking along these lines it was argued that perhaps during its existence inside the body of the mother the unborn baby get used to the sound of the heart beat. If this i
12、s so, then the re-discovery of this familiar sound after birth might have a claiming effect on the infant, especially as it has just been born into a strange and frighteningly new world.If this is so then the mother would, somehow, soon arrive at the discovery that her baby is more at peace if held
13、on the left against her heart than on the right. 16 We can learn a lot by observing the position in which a mother holds her baby against her body. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Most left-handed women feel comfortable by holding their babies in their left arm and keep the right arm fre
14、e. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 The number of right-handed mothers who hold the baby on the left side exceeds that of left- handed ones by 22 %. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The fact that most left-handed mothers hold the baby on their left side renders the first explan
15、ation unsustainable. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 The fact that the heart is on the left side of the mothers body provides the most convincing explanation of all. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 A baby held in the right arm of its mother can be easily frightened. （ A） Righ
16、t （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The writers explanation of the phenomenon is supported by the fact that babies tend to be more peaceful if held in their mothers left arms than in the right arms. A Right （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30 题，每题 1 分，共 8 分 ) 下面的短文后有 2 项测试任
17、务： (1)第 23-26 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 2-5 段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Health Education 1. Health education is the part of health care that is concerned with promoting healthy behavior. A persons behavior may be the main cause of a health problem, but it can also be the main solu
18、tion. This is true for the teenager who smokes, the mother with the poorly nourished (营养 ) child, and the butcher (屠夫，卖肉的人 ) who gets a cut on his finger. By changing their behavior these individuals can solve and prevent many of their own problems. 2. Health education does not replace other health
19、services, but it is needed to promote the proper use of these services. One example of this is immunization (免疫 ) :scientists have made many vaccines (疫苗 ) to prevent diseases, but this achievement is of no value unless people to go receive the immunization. 3. Health education encourages behavior t
20、hat promotes health, prevents illness, cures disease, and contributes to recovery. The needs and interests of individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities are at the heart of health education programs. Thus there are many opportunities for practicing health education. 4. Health educ
21、ation is not the same thing as health information. Correct information is certainly a basic part of health education, but health education must also address the other factors that affect health behavior such as availability (可获性 ) of resouces, effectiveness of community leadership, social support fr
22、om family members, and levels of self-help skills. Health education therefore uses a variety of methods to help people understand their own situations and choose actions that will improve their health. Health education is incomplete unless it encourages involvement and choice by the people themselve
23、s. 5. Also, in health education we do not blame people if they do not behave in a healthy way. Often unhealthy behavior is not the fault of the individual. In health education we must work with families, communities, and even regional and national authorities to make sure that resources and support
24、are available to enable each individual to lead a healthy life. 23 A. Relationship Between Health Education and Health Information B. What Is Health Education? C. Relationship Between Health Education and other Health Services D. Creation of Necessary Conditions for Healthy Behavior E. Encouraging U
25、nhealthy Behavior F. What Does Health Education Mainly Do? 23 Paragraph 1 24 Paragraph 2 25 Paragraph 3 26 Paragraph 4 27 A. promoting health B. health information C. lead a healthy life D. healthy behavior E. change unhealthy behavior F. other health services 27 Health education promotes 28 Health
26、education encourages behavior 29 Health education are different from 30 Health education tries to enable each individual to 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45 题，每题 3 分，共 45 分 ) 下面有 3 篇短文后有 5 道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1 个最佳选项。 31 Medical journals Medical journals are publications that report medical information to physicians an
27、d other health professionals. In the past, these journals were available only in print. With the development of electronic publishing, many medical journals now have Web sites on the Internet, and some journals publish only online. A few medical journals, like the Journal of the American Medical Ass
28、ociation, are considered general medical journals because they cover many fields of medicine. Most medical journals are specialty journals that focus on a particular area of medicine. Medical journals publish many types of articles. Research articles report the results of research studies on a range
29、 of topics varying from the basic mechanisms of diseases to clinical trials that compare out comes of different treatments. Review articles summarize and analyze the information available on a specific topic based on a careful search of the medical literature, Because the results of individual resea
30、rch studies can be affected by many factors, combining results from different studies on the same topic can be helpful in reaching conclusions about the scientific evidence for preventing, diagnosing or treating a particular disease. Case conferences and case reports may be published in medical jour
31、nals to educate physicians about particular illnesses and how to treat at them. Editorials in medical journals are short essays that express the views of the authors, often regarding a re- search or review article published in the same issue. Editorials provide perspective on how the current article
32、 fits with other information on the same topic.Letters to the editor provide a way for readers of the medical journal to express comments ,questions or criticisms about articles published in that journal. 31 The main readers of medical journals are （ A） the general public （ B） health professionals.
33、（ C） medical critics. （ D） news reporters. 32 Which of the following statements is NOT true? （ A） Many medical journals also publish online. （ B） A few medical journals are general medical journals. （ C） Most medical journals publish only online. （ D） Most medical journals are specialty journals. 33
34、 How many major types of articles are mentioned in the passage: （ A） Five. （ B） Seven. （ C） Four. （ D） Six. 34 An article dealing with results from different studies on the same topic is called （ A） a research article. （ B） a review article. （ C） a case report. （ D） an editorial. 35 Letters to the e
35、ditor enable readers of a medical journal to express comments on （ A） any medical event. （ B） articles published in the same issue. （ C） articles published in that journal. （ D） medical development. 36 Need for Emphasis on Treatment AIDS programs in developing countries put little emphasis on treatm
36、ent, the World Health Organization said Tuesday, asking for more small community-based clinics to be opened to treat HIV-infected people. An estimated 36 million to 46 million people are living with AIDS, two-thirds of them in Africa, but only 440,000 people in developing countries were receiving tr
37、eatment by the end of 2003, the UN health agency said in its annual report. “Without treatment, all of them will die a premature and in most cases painful death,“ the WHO said in the t69-page World Health Report. WHO Director General Lee Jong wook said community-based treatment should be added to di
38、sease prevention and care for suffers in AIDS programs. “Future generations will judge our time in large part by our response to the AIDS disease,“ Lee said. “By tackling it decisively we will also be building health systems that can meet the health needs of to- day and tomorrow. This is a historic
39、opportunity we cannot afford to miss, “he adds. Antiretroviral drugs enable people hit by AIDS to live longer. The annual cost of treatment, which was about $ 10,000 when the drugs were first developed, has dropped to about $150. Treatment programs also help AIDS prevention efforts, the report said,
40、 citing great demands for testing and counseling where treatment has been made available. Good counseling in turn leads to more effective prevention in those who are uninfected, and significantly reduces the potential for HIV carriers to pass on the infection, the report said. Since its discovery in
41、 1980s, more than 20 million have died of AIDS, mostly in poor countries. 36 Which is true of many AIDS sufferers in developing countries? （ A） They put too little emphasis on treatment. （ B） They are not receiving any treatment. （ C） They refuse to be treated. （ D） They live longer than those in de
42、veloped countries, 37 The WHO publishes its World Health Report （ A） once every two years. （ B） once a decade. （ C） once a year. （ D） twice a year. 38 According to Lee, our response to AIDS disease is （ A） a matter of great significance. （ B） a matter of little significance. （ C） overemphasized （ D）
43、 timely. 39 AIDS treatment programs may also result in （ A） better drugs. （ B） lower yearly cost. （ C） more effective prevention. （ D） greater emphasis on treatment. 40 How many people have died of AIDS so far? （ A） 36 million. （ B） 46 million. （ C） around 440,000. （ D） more than 20 million. 41 Adap
44、tation of Living Things Certain animals and plants develop characteristics that help them cope with their environment better than others of their kind.This natural biological process is called adaptation. Among the superior characteristics developed through adaptation are those that may help in gett
45、ing food or shelter, in providing protection, and in producing and protecting, the young. That results in the evolution of more and more organisms that are better fitted to their environments. Each living thing is adapted to its way of life in a general way, but each is adapted especially to its own
46、 distinct class. A plant, for example, depends upon its roots to fix itself firmly and to absorb water and inorganic chemicals. It depends upon its green leaves for using the suns energy to make food from inorganic chemicals. These are general adaptations, common to most plants. In addition, there a
47、re special adaptations that only certain kinds of plants have. Many animals have adaptations that help them escape from their enemies, Some insects are hidden by their body color or shape, and many look like steal or a little branch. The coats of deer are colored to mix with the surroundings. Many a
48、nimals have the ability to remain completely still when an enemy is near. Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function, and genetics; in their development and production of the young; and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment
49、, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ,ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather; Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular, environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions; 41 Some plants and animals develop superior characteristics so that they may （ A） help others of their kind get food, shelter and other things needed.: （ B） survive even in extremely
