1、职称英语（卫生类） C级模拟试卷 3及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Any of the users to the system can gain access to them. （ A） key （ B） password （ C） entry （ D） control 2 Messages can easily be sent from one operator to another as long as they share the same
2、data store, （ A） have （ B） type （ C） email （ D） store 3 The full economy round-trip is 273. （ A） ticket （ B） price （ C） reservation （ D） return 4 The largest part of our revenue comes from Consumer and Salons activities. （ A） expenditure （ B） cost （ C） amount （ D） income 5 Neoclassical growth theory
3、 predicts absolute convergence for economies with equal rates of savings and population growth and with access to the sane technology. （ A） implies （ B） forecasts （ C） announces （ D） advocates 6 You will get to the school more quickly if you take this track across the fields. （ A） path （ B） passage
4、（ C） road （ D） motorway 7 We can utilize water for producing electric power. （ A） embrace （ B） emerge （ C） emphasize （ D） employ 8 He was a much older tennis player but he had the great advantage of experience. （ A） strong point （ B） weak point （ C） disadvantage （ D） shortcoming 9 Her shoes go with
5、her gloves; they look very well together. （ A） suit （ B） match （ C） fit （ D） compete 10 The sun vanished behind a cloud. （ A） disappointed （ B） discarded （ C） discharged （ D） disappeared 11 Im sorry Im late: I never expected the taxi to take so long to get here. （ A） long time （ B） short （ C） tall （
6、 D） high 12 Please watch the milk carefully; I dont want it to boil over. （ A） spit （ B） split （ C） spill （ D） spin 13 In a fog everything looks vague. （ A） uncertain （ B） uneasy （ C） unclear （ D） unexpected 14 All the students were excited at the idea of a weekend sports competition. （ A） intention
7、 （ B） ideal （ C） view （ D） thought 15 The toy boat turned over and sank to the bottom of the pool. （ A） basis （ B） ground （ C） base （ D） basement 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Attempts to understand the r
8、elationship between social behavior and health have their origin in history. Dubos(1969) suggested that primitive humans were closer to the animals in that they, too, relied upon their instincts to stay healthy. Yet some primitive humans recognized a cause and effect relationship between doing certa
9、in thing and alleviating (减轻 )symptoms of a disease or improving the condition of a wound. Since there was so much that primitive humans did not understand about the functioning of the body, magic became an integral component of the beliefs about the causes arid cutes of health disorders. So it is n
10、ot surprising that early humans thought that illness was caused by evil spirits. Primitive medicines made from vegetables or animals were invariably used in combination with some form of ritual to expel harmful spirit from a diseased body. One of the earliest attempts in the western world to formula
11、te(系统地阐述 )principles of health care based upon rejection of supernatural phenomena is found in the work of the Greek physician Hippocrates. Little is known of Hippocrates who lived around 400 B. C., not even whether he actually authored the collection of books that bears his name. Nevertheless, the
12、writings, attributed to him have provided a number of principles underlying modern practice. One of his most famous contributions, the Hippocratic Oath, is the foundation of contemporary medical ethics(道德 ). Among other things, it requires the physician to swear that he or she will help the sick, ke
13、ep oneself from intentional wrong-doing or harm, and keep secret all matters to keep the doctor patient relation-ship. Hippocrates also argued that medical knowledge should be derived from an understanding of the natural sciences and the logic of cause and effect relation-ships. In this classic thes
14、is, On Airs, Waters, and Places, Hippocrates pointed out that human wellbeing is influenced by the totality of environmental factors: living habits or lifestyle, climate, geography of the land, and the quality of air, and food. Interesting enough, concerns about our health and the quality of air, wa
15、ter, and places are still very much written in the twentieth century. 16 Primitive humans looked like animals. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Nowadays, people think illness is caused by evil spirits. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Its not sure whether Hippocrates actually a
16、uthored the collection of books that bears his name. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Hippocrates pointed that human well-being is influenced by a lot of factors. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 The Hippocratic Oath is the foundation of medical ethics. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （
17、C） Not mentioned 21 Magic once could cure human diseases. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 From Long age, people started to understand the relationship between social behavior and health. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与 完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23
18、-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 1. Nursing at Beth Israel Hospital produces the best patient care possible. If we are to solve the nursing shortage, hospital administration and doctors everywhere would do well to follow Beth Israels example. 2. At Beth Isr
19、ael each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his emotional state. Then she writes a care plan centred on the patients illness but which also includes everything else
20、 that is necessary. 3. The primary nurse stays with the patient through his hospitalisation, keeping track with his progress and seeking further advice from his doctor. If a patient at Beth Israel is not responding to treatment, it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose another approach to his doc
21、tor. What the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is a true colleague. 4. Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a decentralized (分散的 )nursing administration; every floor, every unit is a self-contained organization. There are nurse-managers instead of head nurses; in addition to their medi
22、cal duties they do all their own hiring and dismissing, employee advising, and they make salary recommendations. Each units nurses decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when. 5. Beth Israels nurse-in-chief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hospital. She also is memb
23、er of the Medical Executive Committee, which in most hospitals includes only doctors. 23 A. Every patient is assigned to a primary nurse. B. Every patient is assigned to a doctor. C. The features of nursing in Beth Israel. D. The best patient care possible in Beth Israel Hospital. E. The cheapest pa
24、tient care in Beth Israel. F. The duties of the primary nurse. 23 Para 1 _. 24 Para 2 _. 25 Para 3 _. 26 Para 4 _. 27 A. true college B. nursing shortage C. head nurse D. doctor E. what shifts and when F. employee 27 Follow Beth Israels example, if we are to solve the _. 28 Each units nurses decide
25、among themselves who will work _. 29 What the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is a _. 30 There are nurse-managers instead of _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 It has been argued that an infant under three who is cared for outside the home may su
26、ffer because of the separation from his parents. The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive “attachment“ period from birth to three may scar a childs personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life. Some people have drawn the
27、conclusion from Bowlbys work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separation it entails, and many people do believe this. But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion. Firstly anthropologists point out that the secluded lo
28、ve affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. For example, we saw earlier that among the Ngoni the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alone-far from it. But traditional societies are so different from modern soci
29、eties that comparisons based on just one factor are hard to interpret. Secondly, common sense tells us that day care would not be so widespread today if parents, caretakers or pediatricians found that children had problems with it. But Bowlbys analysis raises the possibility that early day care has
30、delayed effects. The possibility that such care might lead to, say, more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics. Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out, and even if they were, the results would be certain to be complicated a
31、nd controversial. Thirdly, in the last decade, there have been a number of careful American studies of children in day care, and they have uniformly reported that day care had a neutral of slightly positive effect on childrens development. But tests that have had to be used to measure this developme
32、nt are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue. 31 According to Bowlby, children under the age of three _. （ A） should not be sent to school （ B） should be cared for outside the home （ C） will not suffer from parental separation （ D） dont mind who will look after them 32 Anthropologists belie
33、ve differences between traditional and modern societies are that in the old society _. （ A） there was secluded love affair between children and parents （ B） parents got some help from others to rear the infant （ C） only infants parents looked after their child （ D） children were separated from their
34、 parents at early stage 33 The argument against Bowlbys conclusion shows that _. （ A） there is on negative delayed effect on infants who go to school before three （ B） there is long-term effect on infants who go to school before three （ C） children who are sent to school before three are subject to
35、mental illness （ D） children have problems with day care 34 The phrase “day care“ in Line 8, Para. 1 probably means _. （ A） boarding school （ B） primary school （ C） baby-sitting （ D） nursery school 35 This passage is about _. （ A） infants education （ B） negative effect of infant school （ C） childhoo
36、d （ D） advantages of infants early care 36 Dorothea Dix left home at an early age-of her own free will-to live with her grand-mother. At fourteen, Dorothea was teaching school at Worcester, Massachusetts. A short time after she had begun teaching, she established a school for young girls in her gran
37、dparents home. Stress was placed on moral character at Dorotheas school, which she conducted until she was thirty-three. She was forced to give up teaching at her grandparents home, however, when she became ill. A few years of inactivity followed. In 1841 Dorothea began to teach again, accepting a S
38、unday school class in the East Cambridge, Massachusetts, jail. Here, she first came upon insane people locked up together with criminals. In those days insane people were treated even worse than criminals. There were only a few asylums(精神病院 )in the entire country. Therefore jails, poorhouses, and ho
39、uses of correction were used to confine the insane. Dorothea Dix made a careful investigation of the inhuman treatment of the insane. It was considered, unfeminine (不适合女性的 )for a woman to devote herself to such work at this time. But this did not stop Dorothea Dix in her efforts to provide proper me
40、dical care for the insane. Gradually, because of her investigations, conditions were improved. More than thirty mental institutions were founded or re-established in the United Stated because of her efforts. Dorothea also extended her investigations to England and to other parts of Europe. During th
41、e Civil War, Dorothea served as superintendent(管理人 )of women hospital nurses in the Union army. When the war was over, she returned to her work of improving conditions for insane people. 36 Which of the following is the best title for the passage? （ A） The Treatment of Mental Illness （ B） The Life o
42、f a Young English Woman （ C） Social Problems of the nineteenth Century （ D） An American Humanitarian 37 How did Dorothea Dix first become aware of the mistreatment of insane people? （ A） Her grandmother treated the mentally ill. （ B） She worked in an insane asylum as a young woman. （ C） She taught S
43、unday school in a jail. （ D） She was asked to investigate the problem. 38 The author implies that Dorothea Dixs work with the insane was interrupted because of _. （ A） an illness （ B） the Civil War （ C） her trip to England （ D） her grandmothers death 39 What is the meaning of “served as“ in the last
44、 paragraph? （ A） waited on. （ B） used. （ C） succeeded as. （ D） worked as. 40 How are the events of Dorothea Dixs life presented in the passage? （ A） In random order. （ B） In chronological order. （ C） In alphabetical order. （ D） From greatest to least significance. 41 Many science reports discuss med
45、ical studies that test the effect of a new drug. Usually, a large number of people is divided into two groups. Each group takes a different substance. But no one knows which group is getting which substance. One group takes the medicine being tested. Another group takes what we call an inactive subs
46、tance. Medical researchers call this substance a “placebo.“ The word “placebo“ is Latin for “I shall please.“ Placebo pills(宽心丸 )usually are made of sugar. Using placebos to test drugs sometimes has a surprising result. Researchers say people taking the placebo often report improvements in their hea
47、lth. This is known as “the placebo effect“-pain that is eased or stopped by an inactive substance. In such testing, the drug must perform better than the placebo to prove that it is effective. Doctors have reported that the placebo effect can be used in treatment. For example, a doctor tells a patie
48、nt that a new drug will stop the pain in his leg. The pill is only sugar. But the patient does not know that. He takes the pill and says his pain is gone. Scientists are beginning to discover some physical reasons for this reaction in some people. They are learning that much of what people believe t
49、o be true comes from what the brain expects is going to happen. If the brain believes a drug will ease pain, the brain may begin physical changes in the body that can cause the expected effect. A recent examination of studies on drugs for depression found that placebos eased the depression about as well as the active drugs. Other studies have explored the power of placebos. A study in Japan involved thirteen people who reacted to the poison ivy (常青藤 )plant. Poison-ivy causes r
