1、职称英语（卫生类） C级模拟试卷 45及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The president proposed that we should bring the meeting to a close. （ A） stated （ B） said （ C） announced （ D） suggested 2 The flight eventually got away six hours later. （ A） nicely （ B） appar
2、ently （ C） finally （ D） firstly 3 He grasped both of my hands and begged me to help him out. （ A） understood （ B） had a hold over （ C） took hold of （ D） left hold of 4 I have been trying to quit smoking. （ A） give up （ B） pick up （ C） build up （ D） take up 5 You will have a great conversation and ma
3、ybe even get a date or make a new friend. （ A） talk （ B） speech （ C） debate （ D） discussion 6 She is a highly successful teacher. （ A） fairly （ B） rather （ C） very （ D） moderately 7 The weather is a constant subject of conversation in Britain. （ A） question （ B） problem （ C） tide （ D） topic 8 It is
4、the movement,not the color,of objects that excites the bull. （ A） frightens （ B） scares （ C） confuses （ D） arouses 9 The resident of the area is unhappy about the noise. （ A） manager （ B） occupant （ C） landlord （ D） caretaker 10 As soon as the cake is done, remove it from the oven. （ A） took away （
5、B） left aside （ C） took off （ D） washed off 11 My friends reply was courteous but firm. （ A） well-informed （ B） respectful （ C） efficient （ D） respectable 12 There is a growing gap between the rich and the poor. （ A） confrontation （ B） gulf （ C） tension （ D） conflict 13 John is crazy about pop music
6、. （ A） worried （ B） concerned （ C） mad （ D） sorry 14 Their parents once lived under very severe conditions. （ A） tight （ B） strict （ C） hard （ D） sound 15 I often do absent-minded things, particularly when Im worried. （ A） inevitably （ B） especially （ C） obviously （ D） conventionally 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-2
7、2题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Step Back in Time Do you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us? One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45. But now,she can live until at le
8、ast 80. One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better. We know which foods are good for US and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need. We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better again.
9、And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily. But in order that we dont slip back into bad habits,lets have a look at what life was like 100 years ago. Families had between 15 and 20 children, although many babies didnt live long. Children suffered from
10、 lots of diseases, especially rickets(佝偻病 )and scurvy(坏血病 ), which are both caused by bad diets. This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children well. Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up, bending over a
11、piece of string,because there was no room for them to lie down. People didnt have fridges until the 1920s. They kept fresh food cold by storing it on window-sills(窗台板 ),blocks of ice,or even burying it in the garden. Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for thei
12、r parents. If you had lived 100 years ago,you might well be selling matchsticks(火柴杆 )(a job done by many children)or working with your dad by now. 16 On average women lived longer than men 100 years ago. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 People now enjoy longer lives for unknown reasons. （
13、 A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 A hundred years ago many kids died at an early age. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Poor diets can lead to such diseases as rickets and scurvy. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 People in the past preferred standing up to lying down wh
14、en sleeping. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 An Englishman invented the fridge in the 1920s. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Life was not easy for many children living 100 years ago. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务：
15、(1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项 中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Friendly Relations with the People Around 1 You depend on all the people closely around to give you the warm feeling of belongingness(归属 )that you must have to feel secure. But, in fact, the members of all the groups
16、 to which you belong also depend on you to give that feeling to them. A person who shows that he wants everything for himself is bound(一定的 )to be a lonely wolf. 2 The need for companionship is closely related to the need for a sense of belongingness. How sad and lonely your life would be if you had
17、no one to share your feelings and experiences. You may take it for granted that there will always be people around to talk to and to do things with you and for you. The important point, however, is that keeping emotionally healthy does not depend so much upon having people around you as upon your ab
18、ility to establish relationships that are satisfying both to you and to them. 3 Suppose you are in a crowd watching a football game. You dont know them. When the game is over, you will all go your separate ways. But just for a while you had a feeling of companionship , of sharing the feelings of oth
19、ers who were cheering for the team you wanted to win. 4 An experience of this kind gives the clue(线索 )to what companionship really is. It depends upon emotional ties of sympathy, understanding, trust, and affection. Companions become friends when these ties are formed. 5 When you are thrown in a new
20、 circle of acquaintances(熟人 ), you may not know with whom you will make friends, but you can be sure that you will be able to establish friendships if you show that you really like people. A Making friends with new acquaintances B Close link between companionship and belongingness C How to satisfy o
21、ther peoples needs D An example of a satisfying relationship E Difficulties in establishing friendships F What companionship really is 23 Paragraph 2_ 24 Paragraph 3_ 25 Paragraph 4_ 26 Paragraph 5 _ 26 A without pity B sad and lonely C emotionally healthy D without real love for them E a sense of s
22、ecurity F a lonely wolf 27 If you had no one to share your feelings, your life would be_. 28 The warm feeling of belongingness may give you_. 29 The ability to establish fine relations with others will keep you_. 30 You will find it hard to make friends with people_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 )
23、下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Late-Night Drinking Coffee lovers beware. Having a quick “pick-me-up“ cup of coffee late in the day will play havoc with your sleep. As well as being a stimulant, caffeine interrupts the flow of melatonin, the brain hormone that sends people into a sleep. Melat
24、onin levels normally start to rise about two hours before bedtime. Levels then peak between 2 a. m. and 4 a. m. , before falling again. “ Its the neurohormone that controls our sleep and tells our body when to sleep and when to wake,“ says Maurice Ohayon of the Stanford Sleep Epidemiology Research C
25、enter at Stanford University in California. But researchers in Israel have found that caffeinated coffee halves the bodys levels of this sleep hormone. Lotan Shilo and a team at the Sapir Medical Center in Tel Aviv University found that six volunteers slept less well after a cup of caffeinated coffe
26、e than after drinking the same amount of decaf(脱因咖啡 ). On average, subjects slept 336 minutes per night after drinking caffeinated coffee, compared with 415 minutes after decaf. They also took half an hour to drop off twice as long as usual and jigged around in bed twice as much. In the second phase
27、 of the experiment, the researchers woke the volunteers every three hours and asked them to give a urine sample, Shilo measured concentrations of a breakdown product of melatonin. The results suggest that melatonin concentrations in caffeine drinkers were half those in decaf drinkers. In a paper acc
28、epted for publication in Sleep Medicine, the researchers suggest that caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that drives melatonin production. Because it can take many hours to eliminate caffeine from the body, Ohayon recommends that coffee lovers switch to decaf after lunch. 31 The author mention
29、s“ pick-me-up“ to indicate that_. （ A） decaf is a caffeinated coffee （ B） coffee is a stimulant （ C） neurohormone can wake us up （ D） melatonin levels need to be raised 32 Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep? （ A） Caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that stops melatonin p
30、roduction. （ B） Caffeine interrupts the flow of the hormone that prevents people from sleeping. （ C） Caffeine halves the bodys levels of sleep hormone. （ D） Caffeine stays in the body for many hours. 33 What does Paragraph 3 mainly discuss? （ A） Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decaf on s
31、leep. （ B） Different findings of Lotan Shilo and a team about caffeine. （ C） The fact that the subjects slept 415 minutes per night after drinking decaf. （ D） The evidence that the subjects took half an hour to fall asleep. 34 What does the experiment mentioned in Paragraph 4 prove? （ A） There are m
32、ore enzymes in decaf drinkers urine sample. （ B） There are more melatonin concentrations in caffeine drinkers urine sample. （ C） Decaf drinkers produce less melatonin. （ D） Caffeine drinkers produce less sleep hormone. 35 The author of this passage probably agrees that_. （ A） if we feel sleepy at ni
33、ght, we should go to bed immediately （ B） people sleep more soundly at midnight than at 3 a. m （ C） we should not drink coffee after supper （ D） coffee lovers sleep less than those who do not drink coffee 35 Musical Chairs Do you know how to play a game called“ Musical Chairs“ ? It is easy to play a
34、nd most people enjoy it. All you need are some chairs,some people and some way of making music. You may use a piano or any other musical instrument, if someone can play it. You may use a tape recorder. You can even use a radio. Put the chairs in a row. The chairs may be put in twos,back to back. A b
35、etter way is to have the chairs in one row with each chair facing in the opposite direction to the chair next to it. The game is easy. When the music starts, the players walk round the chairs. Everyone goes in the same direction, of course, they should walk in time to the music. If the music is fast
36、 they should walk quickly. If the music is slow,they should walk slowly. The person playing music cannot see the people in the game. When the music stops,the players try to sit on the chairs. If a person cannot find a chair to sit on,he drops out. Then,before the music starts again, one chair must b
37、e taken away. When the music stops again, one more player will be out. At last, there will be two players and one chair. The one who sits on the chair when the music stops is the winner. 36 If ten people are playing musical chairs, you must begin with_. （ A） nine chairs （ B） ten chairs （ C） eleven c
38、hairs （ D） one chair 37 Which of the following is not suitable for playing musical chairs? （ A） A piano. （ B） A radio. （ C） A tape recorder. （ D） A telephone. 38 The chairs should be put_. （ A） with the desks （ B） before the winner （ C） all over the room （ D） in a line 39 When the music starts, the
39、players must_. （ A） run about the room （ B） get down （ C） walk around the chairs （ D） sit on the chairs 40 Which of the following statements is NOT true? （ A） The game “Musical Chairs“ is not difficult to learn. （ B） The last one can sit on the last chair. （ C） The winner can sit on the chair. （ D）
40、If the person plays music, he cannot be the winner. 40 Sleeplessness Insomnia or sleeplessness is a common complaint of women as they enter into menopause. Insomnia means having trouble falling asleep or staying asleep or the feeling that your sleep was not adequate for you. For women who are having
41、 night sweats, their sleep is broken by frequent a-wakening and therefore not refreshing. Generally once the night sweats are controlled a normal sleep pattern returns. Ifit doesnt it may be, or have become chronic insomnia. How do you know? If you suffer from insomnia every night or most nights for
42、 a period of one month then you have chronic insomnia. If youre not having night sweats then its time to look for other causes of sleeplessness. Depression and anxiety disorders are the most common causes of chronic insomnia. If you feel depressed you need to be checked by a qualified health care pr
43、ovider. Movement disorders such as resdess leg syndrome are second on the list of insomnia for them, there are new medicines that may help. Other common causes are shift working, and pain. In up to 30% of people with chronic insomnia no cause can be identified. Medical treatment of these people has
44、generally been with sleeping pills. It is estimated that 25% of the adult population in America took some type of medicines for sleep last year. It is generally agreed that sleeping pills should only be in the lowest dose and for the shortest possible time. Sleep hygiene is directed at changing bad
45、sleep habits. The recommendations are: Go to bed only when sleepy. Do not wait up to a specified time. Avoid caffeine and alcohol in the evening, etc. 41 The word “insomnia“ in the first paragraph means_. （ A） having a normal sleep pattern （ B） having no sweats at night （ C） feeling that ones sleep
46、is adequate for him （ D） having trouble falling or staying asleep 42 How many possible causes of sleeplessness are mentioned in the second paragraph? （ A） Numerous. （ B） Seven. （ C） Six. （ D） Five. 43 The expression “ Second on the list“ in the second paragraph means_. （ A） the second least importan
47、t cause of sleeplessness （ B） the second most important cause of sleeplessness （ C） the second on the doctors list about sleepless people （ D） the second on the writers list recording sleeplessness 44 Concerning the use of sleeping pills, which of the following statements is true? （ A） Most adult Am
48、ericans use sleeping pills for sleep. （ B） Doctors seldom give sleepless people sleeping pills. （ C） Sleeping pills should be used for a very fixed period. （ D） Sleeping pills should be used in a very small amount. 45 Which of the following does not fit with sleep hygiene? （ A） Changing bad sleep ha
49、bits and following doctors advice. （ B） Trying not to drink any caffeine and alcohol in the evening. （ C） Going to bed when sleepy, not always at the same time. （ D） Making a rule to go to bed at a specific time every day. 五、 补全短文 (第 46-50，每题 2分，共 10分 ) 下面的短文有 5处空白，短文后有 6个句子，其中 5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 45 Canada lkea:What a Great Place for You to Shop There are many different stores that people go
