1、职称英语（理工类） ABC级综合模拟试卷 12及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Loud noises can be annoying. （ A） hateful （ B） painful （ C） horrifying （ D） irritating 2 Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree to which they can be deliberate
2、ly controlled and modified. （ A） sufficiently （ B） noticeably （ C） intentionally （ D） absolutely 3 The Constitutions vague nature has given it the flexibility to be adapted when circumstances change. （ A） imprecise （ B） concise （ C） unpolished （ D） elementary 4 The expedition reached the summit at 1
3、0:30 that morning. （ A） top of the mountain （ B） bottom of the mountain （ C） starting point （ D） site 5 The latest census is encouraging. （ A） count （ B） statement （ C） agreement （ D） estimate 6 Academic records from other institutions often become part of a universitys official file and can neither
4、 be returned to a student nor duplicated. （ A） borrowed （ B） purchased （ C） copied （ D） rewritten 7 While serving in the Senate in the early 1970s, Barbara Jordan supported legislation to ban discrimination and to deal with environmental problems. （ A） list （ B） forbid （ C） handle （ D） investigate 8
5、 Gambling is lawful in Nevada. （ A） legal （ B） irresistible （ C） enjoyable （ D） profitable 9 They always mock me because I am ugly. （ A） smile at （ B） look down on （ C） belittle （ D） laugh at 10 These are our motives for doing it. （ A） reasons （ B） arguments （ C） targets （ D） stimuli 11 It was a que
6、stion of making sure that certain needs were addressed, notably in the pensions area. （ A） noticeably （ B） remarkably （ C） particularly （ D） significantly 12 His new girlfriend had omitted to tell him that she was married. （ A） forgotten （ B） failed （ C） deleted （ D） left out 13 Many of their ideas
7、are being incorporated into orthodox medical treatment. （ A） acceptable （ B） conservative （ C） western （ D） conventional 14 Charges for local telephone calls are outrageous. （ A） unheard of （ B） unacceptable （ C） unbelievable （ D） ridiculous 15 Guests were scared when the bomb exploded. （ A） frighte
8、ned （ B） killed （ C） endangered （ D） rescued 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如 果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Microchip Research Center Created A research center has been set up in this Far Eastern country to develop advanced micro-chip p
9、roduction technology. The center, which will start out with about US 14 million, will help the country develop its chip industry without always depending on imported technology. The center will make use of its research skills and facilities to develop new technology for domestic chip plants. The adv
10、ent of the center will possibly free the country from the situation that it is always buying almost-outdated technologies from other countries, said the countrys flagship chipmaker. Currently, chip plants in this country are in a passive situation because many foreign governments dont allow them to
11、import the most advanced technologies, fearing they will be used for military purposes. Moreover, the high licensing fees they have to pay to technology providers are also an important reason for their decision of self-reliance. As mainstream chip production technology shifts from one generation to
12、the next every three to five years, plants with new technology can make more powerful chips at lower costs, while plants with outdated equipment, which often cost billions of dollars to build, will be marginalized by the maker. More than 10 chip plants are being built, each costing millions of US do
13、llars. The majority of that money goes to overseas equipment vendors and technology owners - mainly from Japan and Singapore. Should the new center play a major role in improving the situation in the industry, the country admits the US 14 million investment is still rather small. This country is dev
14、eloping comprehensive technologies. Most of the investment will be spent on setting alliances with technology and intellectual property owners. 16 The country says that the investment of US 14 million is big enough for developing that countrys chip industry. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned
15、17 That country gives top priorities to developing chips for military purposes. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Although the licensing fees are not very high, that Far Eastern country cannot afford to pay. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Many western countries ban the exporti
16、ng of the most advanced chip-making technologies to that country to prevent them from being used for military purposes. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Currently, almost ail the flagship chipmakers in that country are owned by American investors. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned
17、21 Mainstream chip production technology develop rapidly. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 More than 10 chip plants being built in that country are an example of self-reliance. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6
18、个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 LED Lighting 1 An accidental discovery announced recently has taken LED lighting to a new level, suggesting it could soon offer a cheaper, longer-lasting alternative to the traditional light bulb. The breakthrough adds to a growing tren
19、d that is likely to eventually make Thomas Edisons bright invention obsolete. LEDs are already used in traffic lights, flashlights, and architectural lighting. They are flexible and operate less expensively than traditional lighting. 2 Michael Bowers, a graduate student2 at Vanderbilt University, wa
20、s just trying to make really small quantum dots, which are crystals generally only a few nanometers big. Quantum dots contain anywhere from 100 to 1,000 electrons. Theyre easily excited bundles of energy, and the smaller they are, the more excited they get. Each dot in Bowers particular batch was ex
21、ceptionally small, containing only 33 or 34 pairs of atoms. 3 When you shine a light on quantum dots or apply electricity to them, they react by producing their own light, normally a bright, vibrant color. But when Bowers shined a laser on his batch of dots, something unexpected happened. He was sur
22、prised when a white glow covered the table. The quantum dots were supposed to emit blue light, but instead they were giving off a beautiful white glow. 4 Then Bowers and another student got the idea to stir the dots into polyurethane and coat a blue LED light bulb with the mix. The lumpy bulb wasnt
23、pretty, but it produced white light similar to a regular light bulb. 5 LEDs produce twice as much light as a regular 60 watt bulb and burn for over 50,000 hours. The Department of Energy estimates LED lighting could reduce U. S. energy consumption for lighting by 29 percent by 2025. LEDs dont emit h
24、eat, so theyre also more energy efficient. And theyre much harder to break. 6 Quantum dot mixtures could be painted on just about anything and electrically excited to produce a rainbow of colors, including white. The main light source of the future will almost surely not be a bulb. It might be a tab
25、le, a wall, or even a fork. 23 A LED Lighting Is Not Mature B LED Lighting Will Replace Traditional Lighting C Almost Everything Could Be the Main Light Source in the Future D LED Lighting Has Many Advantages E Bowers Made an Unexpected Discovery F LED Light Bulbs Look Lumpy 23 Paragraph 1 _ 24 Para
26、graph 3 _ 25 Paragraph 5 _ 26 Paragraph 6 _ 27 A traditional lighting is less durable and dearer B a laser excited the quantum dots C America adopted LEDs D graduate students work hard E quantum dot mixtures are magic F it is more efficient 27 Unlike traditional lighting, LEDs do not give out heat s
27、o _. 28 Edisons bright invention is likely to be outdated because _. 29 Something unexpected happened during Bowers experiment when _. 30 Over one quarter of energy consumption for lighting could be saved by 2025 if _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Young Fema
28、le Chimps Outlearn Their Brothers Young female chimps are faster and better learners than young male chimps, suggests a new study, echoing learning differences seen in human girls and boys While young male chimps pass their time playing, young female chimps carefully study their mothers. AS a result
29、, they learn how to fish for tasty termite snacks over two years before the boys. Elizabeth Lonsdorf, now at Lincoln Park Zoo in .Chicago, US, and colleagues at the University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, spent four years watching how young chimpanzees in the Gombe National Park in Tanzania learned “cu
30、ltural behavior“. The sex differences in learning behavior were “consistent and strikingly apparent“, says the team. The researchers point out that similar differences are seen in human children with regard to skills such as writing. “A sex-based learning differences may therefore date back at least
31、 to the last common ancestor of chimpanzees and humans,“ they write in the journal Nature. Chimps make flexible tools from vegetation and then insert them into termite mounds, extract them and then munch the termites clinging onto the tool The researchers used video cameras to record this feeding be
32、havior and found that each chimp mother had her own technique, such as how she used tools of different lengths; Analysis of the six infants whose ages were known showed that girl chimps were an average of 31 months old when they succeeded in fishing out their termites, Where the boy chimps were aged
33、 58 months on average. Females were also more skillful at getting out more termites with every dip and used techniques similar to their mothers while males did not. Instead of studying their mothers, the boy chimps spent a significantly greater amount of time frolicking around the termite mound. Beh
34、aviors such as playing or swinging might help the male infants later in life when typically male activities like hunting or fighting for dominance become important, suggest the researchers. Lonsdorf adds that there are just two main sources of animal portein for chimps - the termites or colobus monk
35、eys. “Mature males often hunt monkeys up trees, but females are almost always either pregnant or burdened with a clinging infant. This makes hunting difficult,“ she says. “Adult females spend more time fishing, for termites than males.“ So becoming proficient at termite fishing could mean adult fema
36、les eat better. “They can watch their offspring at the same time. The young of both sexes seem to pursue activities related to their adult sex roles at a very young age.“ 31 Why do young female chimps learn faster than young male chirnps at fishing for termites? （ A） Because young female chimps dont
37、 play with their brothers. （ B） Because young female chimps begin to study their mothers earlier. （ C） Because young male chimps never learn to fish for termites. （ D） Because young male chimps are not interested in termites. 32 What are the tools with which chimps fish for termites? （ A） Tree branc
38、hes. （ B） Vegetation. （ C） Fruits. （ D） Grass. 33 Which of the following is true about chimps fishing for termites according to paragraph 6? （ A） Males often compete with females in fishing for termites. （ B） Males could get out more termites with every dip. （ C） Females could get out more termites
39、with every dip. （ D） Males are good at mastering technique for fishing for termites. 34 How did the researchers explain the fact that boy chimps spent more time on playing? （ A） They like hunting. （ B） They enjoy fighting. （ C） It helps them to stay fit. （ D） It will make them good fighters and hunt
40、ers in the future. 35 According to the last paragraph, which of the following is NOT true? （ A） Adult chimps hunt monkeys while young chimps fish for termites. （ B） The main source of animal protein for male chimps is colobus monkeys. （ C） The main source of animal protein for female chimps is termi
41、tes. （ D） Female chimps fish for termites while watching their children. 36 The Net Cost of Making a Name for Yourself Companies are paying up to $10,000 to register a domain name on the Internet even though there is no guarantee that they will get the name they want. The task of registering domains
42、 ending in. com, org, .edu and. net is at present contracted out by the US government to the Virginia-based company Network Solutions. The contract runs out this year, and the government wants to bring in a different scheme. But last year, an ad hoc committee of the Internets great and good revealed
43、 its own plan. This involved setting up seven new domains, each indicating the kind of business or organisation using that name. The committee recruited 88 companies around the world to act as registrars for its firm, . shop, . web, . arts, . rec, . info and. nom domains. The US government has still
44、 to give the system its blessing, and may yet push ahead with its original scheme. Despite this, the 88 registrars have been taking applications for several months. They are due to start registering names this month with the Internet Council of Registrars, which grew out of the ad hoc committee. To
45、prevent conflicting names from being registered, the council will take one name from each registrar in mm before going back for the second name in their queues, and so on. This has led to a flourishing trade, with companies trying to buy a place near the head of the queue. Global Names of Singapore
46、is charging $10,000 to make sure a request for a name is the first one it sends off to the central database. Other registrars are charging nonrefundable deposits for places at the top of the queue. David Maher, chairman of the Policy Oversight Committee that is helping to set up and oversee the syst
47、em, says that all registrars are subject to local laws regarding consumer protection and competition. But he says that the committee “will not act as an enforcement body in this area.“ 36 The domain .name “. edu“ is operated by （ A） the US government. （ B） the company Network Solutions. （ C） Interne
48、t Council of Registrars. （ D） both A and B 37 The. firm, . shop, . web, . arts, . rec, . info and. nom domains are NOT nm by （ A） a temporary committee organized by Internets influential services. （ B） the US government. （ C） 88 registrars. （ D） Internet Council of Registrars. 38 Global Names of Sin
49、gapore is （ A） a company which applies for a name on the Internet. （ B） a registrar. （ C） a company under the supervision of Policy Oversight Committee. （ D） the central database. 39 How can a company successfully register a name with the Internet? （ A） It must pay up to $10,000 or a nonrefundable deposit. （ B） Its application must be the first one at the top of the registration queue. （ C） It must get approval from the Policy Oversight Committee. （ D
