1、职称英语（理工类） ABC级综合模拟试卷 20及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定 1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Native American artwork and artifacts have been enthusiastically collected and studied abroad for a number of years. （ A） eagerly （ B） periodically （ C） thoroughly （ D） systematically 2 M
2、anufacturers spend millions of dollars on advertising to entice people to buy their products. （ A） entertain （ B） encounter （ C） tempt （ D） force 3 Enamel, the hardest substance in a human beings body, covers the entire crown of the tooth. （ A） whole （ B） inseparable （ C） superficial （ D） main 4 The
3、 Industrial Revolution marked the beginning of an epoch of exodus from rural areas to cities. （ A） episode （ B） period （ C） migration （ D） story 5 All gases and most liquids and solids expand when heated, but they do not expand equally. （ A） simultaneously （ B） randomly （ C） accurately （ D） uniforml
4、y 6 Pendulums are used to regulate motion in some scientific equipments. （ A） laboratories （ B） measurements （ C） apparatuses （ D） experiments 7 More than 89 of the buildings in Annapolis, Maryland, were erected before the Revolutionary War. （ A） planned （ B） leveled （ C） enlarged （ D） constructed 8
5、 The North American desert, a vast belt of inhospitable terrain, stretches erratically down the western side of the continent. （ A） endlessly （ B） irregularly （ C） ominously （ D） longitudinally 9 Scientists, who are now aware of how nautiluses regulate their buoyancy, have been able to dispel errone
6、ousideas about these creatures. （ A） misconceptions （ B） misdemeanors （ C） misgivings （ D） misdirections 10 George Washington Carver was esteemed for his contributions in the fields of botany and chemistry. （ A） respected （ B） compensated （ C） criticized （ D） overlooked 11 The five classic foot posi
7、tions in ballet are the basis for the ethereal grace of the ballet dancers art. （ A） balanced （ B） traditional （ C） disciplined （ D） delicate 12 Molly Brown was labeled “unsinkable” after she helped to evacuate passengers from the ill-fated ship the Titanic. （ A） anticipate （ B） comfort （ C） remove
8、（ D） shelter 13 The painter Les Quinones, whose graffiti art has been exhibited in New York galleries, has also painted outdoor murals in various Manhattan neighborhoods. （ A） sold （ B） shown （ C） kept （ D） praised 14 City dwellers are exhilarated by country air. （ A） amazed （ B） fanned （ C） humbled
9、 （ D） stimulated 15 Today in the United States, adult education facilities face rising demand created by expanding leisure time. （ A） relaxing （ B） structured （ C） increasing （ D） unused 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22 题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没
10、有提及，请选择 C。 15 Help Your Child Become a Reader Encouraging early reading skills can build a path to a lifelong (终身的 ) love of reading and can help your child get a head start in school. While reading to your child is still the most important thing you can do to build reading skills, there are many te
11、chniques that can help. Make reading fun. Play games with your child as you read. Many traditional childrens games can be adapted to encourage reading skills. While reading or during play, tell your child, “I spy with my little eye, something that begins with the letter b.” Help the child find somet
12、hing on the page or in the room that begins with that letter. For example. “I see a barn.” This can also be used to teach beginning letter sounds. “I spy with my little eye, something that begins with the sounds.” Help the child find a word that begins with the “s” sound. In this variation on the po
13、pular game, instruct the child that, “Simon says, point to something that starts with the letter n.” The child can then find an object in the room or a body part, such as the nose, that starts with the letter presented. This can also be used to teach beginning sounds. Make a game out of rhyming (押韵
14、) words by making up silly words to rhyme with the childs name of favorite toys. This sets the stage for rhyming real words by showing the child the similarities of sounds. As the child masters making up the words, begin rhyming real words to one another. Tips to raise a successful reader: Put books
15、 in places where the child plays. If books are easily accessible, children are more likely to pick them up. Let children “read to you” by looking at pictures. Making up stories to go along with illustrations helps children discover how words relate to pictures. Take books along on trips or even shor
16、t visits to the doctors office or grocery store. Have children help you shop. Reading grocery lists and looking for specific items helps build sight vocabulary. 16 A good reading habit can help your child do well at school. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Computer games can be used to he
17、lp children develop their reading skills. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 One of the useful games is to play spy. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 When playing a game you should ask your child to find something starting with the letter b instead of c. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C
18、） Not mentioned 20 The purpose of the rhyming games is to make preparations for children to write poems. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 You can ask your child to tell stories based on pictures. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 You should take books with you when you go out wi
19、th your child. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面 的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26 题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30 题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Alaska In 1868 Americans welcomed Alaska into the Union as the 49th state, symbolizing a change of attitud
20、e from that held in 1867, when the peninsula was purchased from Russia. Then, most Americans had little interest in 1,500,000 square kilometers “of icebergs and polar bears” beyond Canadas western borders, far from the settled areas of the United States. In those sections of the state which lie abov
21、e the Arctic Circle, Alaska still is a land of icebergs and polar bears. Ice masses lie buried in the earth, which is permanently frozen to a depth of 90 or more meters. From early May until early August, the midnight sun never sets on this flat, treeless region, but the sun cannot melt the icy soil
22、 more than two-thirds of a meter down Alaska is Americas largest state, but only about 325,000 people live there. According to estimates, 800,000 hectares of its land area are fit for plowing but only about 640,000 hectares are being cultivated. Arctic Alaska has been the home of Eskimos for countle
23、ss centuries. It is believed that the Eskimos moved there from Mongolia or Siberia, probably crossing Bering Strait, named for Vitus Bering, the Danish sea captain who discovered Alaska on his voyage for Russia in 1741. The Eskimos are the states earliest known inhabitants. Russian fur traders estab
24、lished settlements but, by the time Alaska was sold to the United States, most of the traders had departed. In 1896 gold was discovered near the Klondike River in Canada just across the Alaskan border. Thousands of Americans rushed to the region on their way to Klondike; some never returned. Alaska
25、was never completely cut off again, although even today transportation is a major problem. There are only two motor routes from the U. S. mainland, and within the state, every town has its own airfield. Planes fly passengers, mail and freight to the most distant villages. The gold that changed life
26、so suddenly for Alaska was soon ended, and although many stories about mining camps have become part of American literature, the gold from Alaskan earth contributed less to economic progress than the fish from Alaskan waters. The fish caught in a single year range in value from $ 80 million to $ 90
27、million. Fur-bearing animals are plentiful in the forests and streams, and valuable fur seals inhabit the waters. After fishing, the states chief industry is lumber and the production of wood pulp. In recent years, Alaskas single most important resource has become oil. The state also has large depos
28、its of coal, copper,gold and other minerals. 23 A. Rich resources of the state B. Connections with the outside world C. Transportation problem D. The natives of the land E. Cold climate F. Land and population 23 Paragraph 3 _ 24 Paragraph 4 _ 25 Paragraph 5 _ 26 Paragraph 6 _ 27 A. as fish does B. b
29、ecause of its rich natural resources C. by the United States in the 19th century D. shines day and night E. only a very small percentage F. a limited amount of the gold found there 27 For as long as three months of a year, the sun_on the ice-covered land of Alaska. 28 According to statistics, _of th
30、e total area of Alaska has been used for farming. 29 Alaska was originally part of Russia, but was bought_. 30 Gold did not bring to Alaska as much wealth_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45 题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5 道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Human and Life If you intend using humor in your talk to make people s
31、mile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the proble
32、ms will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses. Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses convention, of a story
33、 which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch
34、, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table himself. “Who is that?” the new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, thats God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks hes a doctor.” If you are part of the
35、group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and itll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairmans notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustnt attempt
36、 to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen of their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system. If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more n
37、atural. Include a few casual and apparently off the cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often its the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light h
38、earted remark. Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you dont succeed, give up” or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and under statements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn ab
39、out and inject with humor. 31 To make your humor work, you should_. （ A） take advantage of different kinds of audience （ B） make fun of the disorganized people （ C） address different problems to different people （ D） show sympathy for your listeners 32 The joke about doctors implies that, in the eye
40、s of nurses, they are_. （ A） impolite to new arrivals （ B） very conscious of their godlike role （ C） entitled to some privileges （ D） very busy even during lunch hours 33 It can be inferred from the text that public service_. （ A） have benefited many people （ B） are the focus of public attention （ C
41、） are an inappropriate subject for humor （ D） have often been the laughing stock 34 To achieve the desired result, humorous stones should be delivered_. （ A） in well-worded language （ B） as awkwardly as possible （ C） in exaggerated statements （ D） as casually as possible 35 The best title for the te
42、xt may be_. （ A） Use Humor Effectively （ B） Various Kinds of Humor （ C） Add Humor to Speech （ D） Different Humor Strategies 35 Human Ingenuity Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty.
43、That compulsion has resulted in roboticsthe science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come Close. As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose
44、 presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless
45、robo-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracyfar greater precision that highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone. But
46、if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselvesgoals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error,” says Dave Lavery, manager o
47、f a robotics program at NASA, “we cant yet give a robot enough common sense to reliably interact with a dynamic world.” Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circu
48、its and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries. What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brains roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much
49、more talentedand human perception far more complicatedthan previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a ma chine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side o
