1、职称英语（理工类） ABC级综合模拟试卷 25及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The windchill factor, the combination of low temperature and wind speed, strikingly increases the degree of cold felt by a person who is outdoors. （ A） effectively （ B） remarkably （ C） cer
2、tainly （ D） unquestionably 2 Once thought doomed to extinction, southern sea otters are now stringently protected through the efforts of naturalist groups. （ A） rigorously （ B） minimally （ C） federally （ D） guardedly 3 The park is a good place for strollers. （ A） carriages （ B） walkers （ C） sprinter
3、s （ D） campers 4 At age twenty-five Orson Welles stunned the film world with his movie Citizen Kane. （ A） amused （ B） amazed （ C） frightened （ D） offended 5 The disease, rust, stunts a plants growth and leads to the destruction of the plant. （ A） enhances （ B） moderates （ C） stops （ D） hinders 6 The
4、 Weddell seal of Antarctica can dive to a depth of about, 1,600 feet and remain submerged for as long as an hour and ten minutes. （ A） underwater （ B） fearless （ C） unconscious （ D） breathless 7 Vice-President Lyndon Johnson became President of the United States following the death of John F. Kenned
5、y and was subsequently elected to a full term in 1964. （ A） duly （ B） finally （ C） later （ D） therefore 8 The outcry against the governments policies will subside only if a compromise is reached in the assembly. （ A） die down （ B） succeed （ C） proceed （ D） be dislodged 9 The Texas Opera Theater was
6、established as a subsidiary of the Houston Grand Opera in order to give young singers performing their their experience. （ A） hall （ B） rival （ C） patron （ D） branch 10 Benjamin Franklin was not the first to suggest the relationship between lightning and electricity, but his experiment with a kite w
7、as original. （ A） define （ B） confirm （ C） examine （ D） propose 11 Louis Sullivan, a famous American architect, varied his structures to suit the local climate. （ A） modify （ B） enhance （ C） accommodate （ D） avoid 12 In statistics, the mathematical mean is obtained by dividing the sum of a group of
8、scores by the number of scores. （ A） total （ B） square （ C） numerator （ D） list 13 Fortified medieval towns were often surrounded by two water moats. （ A） protected （ B） encircled （ C） flooded （ D） supplied 14 The future survival of the bald eagle is still an important American ecological concern. （
9、 A） migration （ B） population （ C） existence （ D） evolution 15 The childrens story writer known as Dr. Seuss proved that the simplest stories for children could have characterization and suspense. （ A） structure （ B） history （ C） excitement （ D） plot 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据
10、短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的 是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Sleeping People who sleep for more than eight hours a night do not live as long as those who sleep for six hours, according to the biggest study yet into sleep patterns and mortality (死亡率 ). Scientists have no explanation
11、for the findings and do not know if they mean people who like a lie-in (睡懒觉 ) can extend their lives by sleeping less. Although it is a common belief that sleeping for at least eight hours a night is vital for health and well-being, the six-year study involving more than 1.1 million Americans older
12、than 30 found that those who slept for less than eight hours were far from doing themselves any long-term harm. “Individuals who now average 6.5 hours of sleep a night can be reassured that this is a safe amount of sleep. From a health standpoint, there is no reason to sleep longer,” said Daniel Kri
13、pke, a professor of psychiatry (精神病学 ) at the University of California, San Diego. Dr. Kripke said, “We dont know if long sleep periods lead to death. Additional studies are needed to determine if setting your alarm clock earlier will actually improve your health.” The scientists, who were funded by
14、 the American Cancer Society, found that the best survival rates were among the men and women who slept for seven hours a night. Those who slept for eight hours were 12 per cent more likely to die during the six-year period of the study, when other factors such as diet and smoking were taken into ac
15、count. Even those who spent a mere five hours a night in bed lived longer than those who slept for eight or more hours. However, an increasing death rate was found among those who slept for less than five hours. Dr. Kripke said, “Previous sleep studies have indicated that both short and long duratio
16、n (持续时间 ) sleep had higher mortality rates. However, none of those studies were large enough to distinguish the difference between seven and eight hours a night, until now.” 16 More than 1.1 million Americans participated in the six-year study. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 All the par
17、ticipants were from the state of California. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 The study shows that the longer you sleep each night, the longer youll live. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The findings indicate that it is all right to sleep for 6.5 hours a night. （ A） Right （ B）
18、 Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Most of the participants slept for 7 hours a night during the study. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Sleeping for less than 5 hours each night is better than sleeping for 5 hours. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The study was the first to tell the
19、 difference between 7 and 8 hours of sleep a night. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Trade Unions Some scholars have associated trade unions with the medieva
20、l craft guilds(中世纪的行会 ), but there are important differences between the two. The guild members were master craftsmen who owned capital and often employed workers. Unions are known as associations of workers with similar skills. In the past, individual workers had no control over the conditions of t
21、heir working lives; political and economic power was concentrated in the hands of wealthy business owners. Workers found, however, that there was strength in uniting. From their earliest years, union objectives have been higher wages and improved working conditions. Employers resisted, of course. Th
22、ey made great efforts to stop union organizing its activities. Union members were fired, workers were forced to sign contracts in which they promised not to join a union, and companies hired strikebreakers (破坏罢工者 ) and even gunmen to frighten organizers. One of the earliest successful labor organiza
23、tions in the United States was the Knights of Labor, founded in 1869. The Knights, which included both skilled and unskilled workers, attempted to organize all workers into one great union. Alter it successfully struck the Wabash railroad owned by Jay Gould in 1885, its popularity and power grew dra
24、matically. In 1886 the Knights had 700,000 members. The decline of the Knights of Labor, however, came quickly. The strike against Gould was gradually broken, and the Knights radical positions on social issues cost them public support. In the end, a lack of unity as well as the rapid inflow of unski
25、lled immigrants weakened the unions economic power, and the organization came to an end. 23 A. Managements Reaction to the Labor Movement B. The Decline of an Early Union C. Reasons for Starting a Union D. Comparison between the Unions and the Medieval Craft Guilds E. Foundation F. The Development o
26、f an Early Union 23 Paragraph 2 _ 24 Paragraph 3 _ 25 Paragraph 4 _ 26 Paragraph 5 _ 27 A. Ask for higher wages B. Fight for equal education C. Employ workers D. Unskilled workers E. Stop Union activities F. Radical positions on social issues 27 Guilders had the money to_. 28 Workers united together
27、 to_. 29 Employers would try their best to_. 30 Knights lost its popularity because it took_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内 容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Looking to the Future2040 Do you forget to turn off the lights and heaters when you go out of a room? In 2040 it will not matter. They
28、 will turn themselves offand on again when you return. You will choose the temperature for each room, the lighting and the humidity. A sensor will detect the presence of a human (and, with luck, ignore the dog!) and turn the systems on, and when the humans leave it will turn them off again. The sens
29、ors will work through the central home computer, and they will do much more than just turn the fires and lights on and off for you. They will detect faulty electrical appliances, plugs or switches, isolate them so that they cannot harm anyone, and then warn you that they need repair. They will detec
30、t fire and if you are out of the house, the computer will call the fire brigade. It will also call the police should the sensors detect an intruder. This will not be difficult because the locks on the outside doors will be electronic. You will open them using your personal cardthe one you use for sh
31、oppingmaybe using a number known only to you. It will be impossible to lose the key, and a housebreaker will have to tamper (拨弄 ) with the lock or with a window. It is not very difficult to make such tampering send a signal to the computer. The computer will be more than a firemanpolicemanservant. I
32、t will be an entertainer, and most of your entertainment will come right into your home. It does now, of course, but by 2040 “entertainment” will mean much more. For one thing, you will be able to take part actively, rather than just watching 31 The author intends to tell us that （ A） in 2040 we wil
33、l live without the lights and heaters （ B） In 2040 we will use much more lights and heaters （ C） In 2040 there will be no switches of lights and heaters （ D） In 2040 lights and heaters will he on and off automatically 32 Which of the following statements is NOT true?_ （ A） The sensor is multi-functi
34、onal. （ B） Without a computer, the sensor cannot do much. （ C） The sensor will detect fire and make an emergency call. （ D） You can he taken for an intruder if you tamper with the lock or with a window. 33 According to the author, in 2040, new technology_. （ A） will free us from the keys we use toda
35、y （ B） will turn everything into sensors （ C） will make the locks out of date （ D） will eliminate all crimes 34 Thanks to computers, in 2040 people_. （ A） will have no entertainment outside （ B） will replace TV with computers （ C） will be controlled by computers （ D） will have more fun at home 35 Th
36、e best title for the passage might be_. （ A） Sensors and Computers （ B） Life at Home in the Year 2040 （ C） The Development of Science and Technology （ D） Lights and Heaters in the Year 2040 35 Media and Current Events The media can impact current events. As a graduate student at Berkeley in the 1960
37、s, I remember experiencing the events related to the Peoples park that were occurring on campus. Some of these events were given national media coverage in the press and on TV. I found it in teresting to compare my impressions of what was going on with perceptions obtained from the news media. I cou
38、ld begin to see events of that time feed on news coverage. This also provided me with some healthy insights into the distinctions between these realities. Electronic media are having a greater impact on the peoples lives every day. People gather more and more of their impressions from representation
39、s. Television and telephone communications are linking people to a global village, or what one writer calls the electronic city. Consider the information that television brings into your home every day. Consider also the contact you have with others simply by using telephone. These media extend your
40、 consciousness and your contact. For example, the video coverage of the 1989 San Francisco earthquake focused on “live action” such as the fires or the rescue efforts. This gave the viewer the impression of total disaster. Television coverage of the Iraqi War also developed an immediacy. CNN reporte
41、d events as they happened. This coverage was distributed worldwide. Although most people were far away from these events, they developed some perception of these realities. In 1992, many people watched in horror as riots broke out on a sad Wednesday evening in Los Angeles, seemingly fed by video cov
42、erage from helicopters. This event was triggered by the verdict (裁定 ) in the Rodney King beating. We are now in an age where the public can have access to information that enables it to make its own judgements, and most people, who had seen the video of this beating, could not understand how the jur
43、y (陪审团 ) was able to acquit (宣布无罪 ) the policemen involved. Media coverage of events as they occur also provides powerful feedback that influences events. This can have harmful results, as it seemed on that Wednesday night in Los Angeles. By Friday night the public got to see Rodney King on televisi
44、on pleading, “Can we all get along?” By Saturday, television seemed to provide positive feedback as the Los Angeles riot turned out into a rally for peace. The television showed thousands of people marching with banners and cleaning tools. Because of that, many more people turned out to join the pea
45、ceful event they saw unfolding (展开 ) on television. The real healing, of course, will take much longer, but electronic media will continue to be a part of that process. 36 The best title for the passage is_. （ A） The 1992 Los Angeles Riots （ B） The Impact of Media on Current Events （ C） The 1989 San
46、 Francisco Earthquake and 1992 Los Angeles Riots （ D） How Media Cover Events 37 All of the following statements are true EXCEPT that_. （ A） electronic media can extend ones contact with the world （ B） those living far away from a certain event can also have some perception of realities by watching t
47、elevision （ C） all the events occurring on the university campus at Berkeley were given national media coverage （ D） video coverage of the 1989 San Francisco earthquake gave the viewers the impression of the total disaster 38 The term “electronic city” in Paragraph 2 refers to_. （ A） Los Angeles （ B
48、） San Francisco （ C） Berkeley （ D） Earth 39 The 1992 Los Angeles riots broke out because_. （ A） the jury acquitted the policemen who had beaten Rodney King （ B） people can make their own judgements （ C） video coverage from helicopters had made people angry （ D） video coverage had provided powerful f
49、eedback 40 It can be inferred from the passage that_. （ A） media coverage of events as they occur can have either good or had results （ B） most people who had seen the video of the Rodney King beating agree with the verdict of the jury （ C） the 1992 Los Angeles riots lasted a whole week （ D） Rodney King seemed very angry when he appeared on television on Friday 40 Learning Disabilitie
