1、职称英语（理工类） B级模拟试卷 29及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful articles in the market. （ A） batteries （ B） bargains （ C） baskets （ D） barrels 2 In previous times, when
2、 fresh meat was inadequate, pigeons were kept by many households as a source of food. （ A） in short store （ B） in short provision （ C） in short reserve （ D） in short supply 3 The tomato juice left a brown stain on the front of my jacket. （ A） track （ B） trace （ C） spot （ D） point 4 A peculiarly poin
3、ted chin is his most memorable facial characteristic. （ A） mark （ B） feature （ C） trace （ D） appearance 5 Professor Taylors talk has indicated that science has a very strong influence on the everyday life of non-scientists as well as scientists. （ A） motivation （ B） perspective （ C） impression （ D）
4、impact 6 I catch a cold now and then. （ A） always （ B） occasionally （ C） constantly （ D） regularly 7 Housewives who do not go out to work often feel they are not working to their full ability. （ A） capacity （ B） strength （ C） length （ D） possibility 8 The newspaper did not mention the degree of the
5、damage caused by the fire. （ A） range （ B） level （ C） extent （ D） quantity 9 Shelly had prepared carefully for her biology examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first endeavor. （ A） intention （ B） attempt （ C） purpose （ D） desire 10 The manager got angry just because his secreta
6、ry was ten minutes late. （ A） lost his mood （ B） lost his temper （ C） lost his mind （ D） lost his passion 11 They bought the land in order to build a new office block. （ A） with a purpose to （ B） with a view to （ C） with a goal to （ D） with a reason to 12 Please give my best wishes to your family. （
7、 A） notice （ B） attention （ C） regards （ D） cares 13 A complete change in policy is needed if relations are ever to improve. （ A） strict （ B） wide （ C） ever （ D） radical 14 She can speak French and German, let alone English. （ A） to say nothing of （ B） to speak nothing of （ C） to talk nothing of （ D
8、） to tell nothing of 15 At the meeting both sides exchanged their views on a wide scope of topics they were interested in. （ A） extent （ B） number （ C） collection （ D） range 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15
9、Scotland: A Land of Wisdom In the 1740s, the famous French philosopher Voltaire said “We look to Scotland for all our ideas of civilization. “Thats not a bad advertisement for any country when it comes to attracting people to search for a first-class education. According to the American author Arthu
10、r Herman, the Scots invented the modern world itself. He argues that Scottish thinkers and intellectuals worked out many of the most important ideas on which modern life depends everything from the scientific method to market economics. Their ideas did not just spread among intellectuals, but to tho
11、se people in business, government and the sciences who actually shaped the Western world. It all started during the period that historians call the Scottish Enlightenment(启蒙运动 ), which is usually seen as taking place between the years 1740 and 1800. Before that, philosophy was mainly concerned with
12、religion. For the thinkers of the Scottish Enlightenment, the proper study of humanity was mankind itself. Their reasoning was practical. For the philosopher David Hume, humanity was the right subject for philosophy because we can examine human behavior and so find real evidence of how people think
13、and feel. And from that we can make judgments about the societies we live in and make concrete suggestions about how they can be improved, for universal benefit. Humes enquiry into the nature of knowledge laid the foundations for the scientific method the pursuit of truth through experiment. His fri
14、end and fellow resident of Edinburgh, Adam Smith, famously applied the study of mankind to the ways in which mankind does business. Trade, he argued, was a form of information. In pursuing our own interests through trading in markets, we all come to benefit each other. Smiths idea has dominated mode
15、rn views of economics. It also has wide applications. He was one of the philosophers to point out that nations can become rich, free and powerful through peace, trade and invention. Although the Scottish Enlightenment ended a long time ago, the ideas which evolved at that time still underpin(构成 的基础
16、)our theories of human exchange and enquiry. It also exists in Scotland itself in an educational tradition that combines academic excellence with orientation（方向） 16 Scotland is the right place to receive a first-class education. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 According to Arthur Herman,
17、 the Scots developed many important ideas which modern life depends on. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Philosophers had come to know the importance of studying humanity even before the Scottish Enlightenment took place. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 David Hume was the firs
18、t philosopher to study mankind. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Smiths idea has extensive applications. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Our current theories of human exchange and enquiry have nothing to do with the ideas developed during the Scottish Enlightenment. （ A） Right
19、 （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Smith died in 1800. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Local Newspapers in Britain 1 Britain has a large circulation(发行量 )of
20、the national newspapers. The Daily Mirror and The Daily Express both sell about 4 million copies each day. On average, every family will buy one newspaper in the morning, and take two or three on Sundays. 2 Local newspapers are just as popular as the national ones in Britain. Local papers have a wee
21、kly circulation of 13 million. Nearly every town and country area has its own paper, and almost every local paper is financially holding its own. Many local newspapers are earning good profits. 3 Local newspapers have their special characteristics. They mainly satisfy interest in local e-vents birth
22、s, weddings, deaths, council meetings, and sports. Editors often rely on a small staff of people who know the district well. Clubs and churches in the neighborhood regularly supply these papers with much local news. Local news does not get out of date as quickly as national news. If there is no room
23、 for it in this weeks edition, a news item can be held over until the following week. 4 The editor of a local newspaper never forgets that the success of any newspaper depends on advertising. For this reason, he is keen to keep the good will of local businessmen. If the newspaper sells well with car
24、efully chosen news items to attract local readers, the businessmen will be grateful to the paper for the opportunity of keeping their products in the public eye. 5 Local newspapers seldom comment on problems of national importance, and editors rarely take sides on political questions. But they can o
25、ften provide service to the community in expressing public feeling on local issues. A newspaper can sometimes persuade the council to take action to improve transport, provide better shopping facilities, and preserve local monuments and places of interest. A Keeping Good Relations with Local Busines
26、smen B Service Provided by Local Newspapers C Large Circulation of the National Newspapers D Special Features of Local Newspapers E Power of Local Newspapers F Popularity of Local Newspapers 23 Paragraph 2_ 24 Paragraph 3_ 25 Paragraph 4_ 26 Paragraph 5_ 26 A a lot of money B British people C mornin
27、g D local people E national issues F local issues 27 British people have the habit of reading newspapers in the_. 28 Many local newspapers in Britain are making_. 29 Local newspapers are well received because they carry articles that please_. 30 Local newspapers rarely give opinions on_. 四、 阅读理解 (第
28、31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Electronic Mail During the past few years, scientists all over the world have suddenly found themselves productively engaged in task they once spent their lives avoiding writing, any kind of writing, but particularly letter writing. Encoura
29、ged by electronic mails surprisingly high speed, convenience and economy, people who never before touched the stuff are regularly, skillfully, even cheerfully tapping out a great deal of correspondence. Electronic networks, woven into the fabric of scientific communication these days, are the route
30、to colleagues in distant countries, shared data, bulletin boards and electronic journals. Anyone with a personal computer, a modern and the software to link computers over telephone lines can sign on. An estimated five million scientists have done so with more joining every day, most of them communi
31、cating through a bundle of interconnected domestic and foreign routes known collectively as the Internet, or net. E-mail is starting to edge out the fax, the telephone, overnight mail, and of course, land mail. It shrinks time and distance between scientific collaborators, in part because it is conv
32、eniently asynchronous(异步的 )(Writer can type while their colleagues across time zones sleep; their message will be waiting.). If it is not yet speeding discoveries, it is certainly accelerating communication. Jeremy Bernstein, the physicist and science writer, once called E-mail the physicists umbili
33、cal cord(脐带 ). Later other people, too, have been discovering its connective virtues. Physicists are using it; college students are using it; everybody is using it; and as a sign that it has come of age, the New Yorker has celebrated its liberating presence with a cartoon an appreciative dog seated
34、at a keyboard, saying happily, “ On the Internet, nobody knows youre a dog. “ 31 The reasons given below about the popularity of E-mail can be found in the passage except_. （ A） direct and reliable （ B） time-saving in delivery （ C） money-saving （ D） available at any time 32 How is the Internet or ne
35、t explained in the passage? （ A） Electronic routes used to fax or correspond overnight. （ B） Electronic routes used to read home and international journals. （ C） Electronic routes waiting for correspondence while one is sleeping. （ D） Electronic routes connected among millions of users home and abro
36、ad. 33 What does the sentence “ If it is not yet speeding discoveries, it is certainly accelerating communication“ most probably mean? （ A） The quick speed of correspondence may have ill effects on discoveries. （ B） Although it does not speed up correspondence, it helps make discoveries. （ C） It qui
37、ckens mutual communication even if it does not accelerate discoveries. （ D） It shrinks time for communication and accelerates discoveries. 34 Why is a dog sitting before a computer keyboard in a cartoon published by New Yorkers? （ A） Even dogs are interested in the computer. （ B） E-mail has become v
38、ery popular. （ C） Dogs are liberated from their usual duties. （ D） E-mail deprives dogs of their owners love. 35 What will happen to fax, land mail, overnight mail, etc. according to the writer? （ A） Their functions cannot be replaced by E-mail. （ B） They will co-exist with E-mail for a long time. （
39、 C） Less and less people will use them. （ D） They will play a supplementary function to E-mail. 35 The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lighthouses hung at harbor entrances. The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at t
40、he entrance to Boston Harbor. Paid for and maintained by “ light dues“ levied(征收 )on ships, the original beacon was blown up in 1776. Until then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonies. Litde over a century later, there were 700 lighthouses. The first eight lighthouses erected
41、 on the West Coast in the 1850s featured the same basic New England design: a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by. In New England and elsewhere, though, lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles. Since most stations in the Northeast were set up
42、on rocky eminences(高处 ), enormous towers were not the rule. Some were made of stone and brick, others of wood or metal. Some stood on pilings or stilts; some were fastened to rock with iron rods. Farther south, from Maryland through the Florida Keys, the coast was low and sandy. It was often necessa
43、ry to build tall towers there massive structures like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, which was lit in 1870. 190 feet high, it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country. Not withstanding differences in construction appearance, most lighthouses in America shared several
44、 features: a light, living quarters, and sometimes a bell(or, later, a foghorn). They also had something else in common: a keeper and usually the keepers family. The keepers essential task was trimming the lantern wick(灯芯 )in order to maintain a steady, bright flame. The earliest keepers came from e
45、very walk of life, they were seamen, farmers, mechanics, rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums. After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1852 by the United States Lighthouse Board, and agency of the Treasury Departme
46、nt, the keeper corps gradually became highly professional. 36 Which is the best title for the passage? （ A） The Lighthouse on Litde Brewster Island. （ B） The Life of a Lighthouse Keeper. （ C） Early Lighthouses in the United States. （ D） The Modern Profession of Lighthouse-keeping. 37 Why does the au
47、thor mention the Massachusetts Bay Colony? （ A） It was the headquarters of the United States Lighthouse Board. （ B） Many of the tallest lighthouses were built there. （ C） The first lantern wicks were developed there. （ D） The first lighthouse in North America was built there. 38 It can be inferred f
48、rom the passage that lighthouses in the Northeast did NOT need high towers because_. （ A） ships there had high masts （ B） coastal waters were safe （ C） the coast was straight and unobstructed （ D） the lighthouses were built on high places 39 According to the passage, where can the tallest brick ligh
49、thouse in the United States be found? （ A） Little Brewster Island. （ B） The Florida Keys. （ C） Cape Hatteras. （ D） Cape Cod. 40 We can know from the passage that the coast of North Carolina is_. （ A） rocky eminences （ B） high and flat （ C） low and sandy （ D） high and sandy 40 Please Fasten Your Seatbelts Severe turbulence(湍流 )can kill aircraft passengers. Now, in test flights over the Rocky Mountains, NASA(美国航空航天局 )engineers have successfully detected clear-air t
