1、职称英语（综合类） A级模拟试卷 1及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 How can we reduce the risk of cancer? （ A） cut in （ B） cut down （ C） cut off （ D） cut out 2 The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatly increased the cost of shipping cargo
2、by water. （ A） continuously （ B） quickly （ C） excessively （ D） exceptionally 3 During the past ten years there have been dramatic changes in the international situation. （ A） permanent （ B） powerful （ C） striking （ D） practical 4 The most crucial problem any economic system faces is how to use its s
3、carce resources. （ A） puzzling （ B） difficult （ C） terrifying （ D） urgent 5 His new girlfriend had omitted to tell him that she was married. （ A） failed （ B） deleted （ C） refused （ D） rejected 6 The substance can be added to gasoline to accelerate the speed of automobiles. （ A） quicken （ B） shorten
4、（ C） loosen （ D） enlarge 7 We should never content ourselves with a little knowledge only. （ A） convince （ B） satisfy （ C） comfort （ D） benefit 8 We should contemplated the problem from all sides （ A） deliberated （ B） thought （ C） described （ D） designed 9 His health had deteriorated while he was in
5、 prison. （ A） became better （ B） became worse （ C） became stronger （ D） became weaker 10 If you want my advice, you should revise your plan for the trip to Beijing. （ A） change （ B） exchange （ C） enlarge （ D） encourage 11 Smoking is inhibited in public places. （ A） instructed （ B） inquired （ C） forb
6、idden （ D） strived 12 He is said to be suffering from terminal cancer and has asked for euthanasia (安乐死 ). （ A） acute （ B） chronic （ C） final （ D） fatal 13 I felt impelled to tell the truth. （ A） promoted （ B） induced （ C） compelled （ D） improved 14 Its prudent to take a thick coat in cold weather w
7、hen you go out. （ A） controversial （ B） reasonable （ C） sensible （ D） sensitive 15 Are you positive that theres been no mistake? （ A） rational （ B） reasonable （ C） certain （ D） bound 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请
8、选择 C。 16 In the Global Economy Most nations today regardless of their degree of economic development or their political philosophies m recognize the importance of marketing. Indeed, economic growth in developing nations depends greatly on the ability to design effective marketing systems for their r
9、aw materials and industrial output. Today, a global marketplace is emerging. In many ( perhaps most ) national markets, companies for numerous countries compete aggressively. Consider the US market for example. Until the late 1970s, the United States provided a large domestic market for American fir
10、ms, and there was no significant foreign competition in most industries in that market. But the picture changed dramatically through the 1980s as foreign firms improved their products and their marketing expertise, and then successfully entered the American market. Many imported products have achiev
11、ed large sales m office equipment, autos, apparels, watches, semiconductors, and consumer electronics for example. As a result the United States has been running large annual trade deficits, meaning that imports greatly exceed exports. In the early 1980s, the competition facing US firms came primari
12、ly from Japanese companies. Later, companies in the four “Asian tigers“ added to competitive pressures. In the 1990s, continuing competition from these Pacific Rim countries and regions will be augmented by a new challenge from Western Europe. Starting in 1992, the 12-nation European community will
13、eliminate internal trade barriers and adopt uniform technical, financial, and marketing standards. A more integrated European Community will open major marketing opportunities for internationally minded US firms, but at the same time, it is expected to stiffen competition. More and more American fir
14、ms many large ones and even some rather small ones - are moving into foreign markets. Many companies are concluding that achieving profit and growth objectives is most likely through a combination of domestic and international marketing rather than sole reliance on domestic marketing. 16 Economic gr
15、owth in developing nations depends more on the ability, to design effective marketing systems than the developed nations. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 A global marketplace means fierce competition among companies. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 In the 1980s, foreign firms
16、 entered the American domestic market by offering their products at a price much lower than that of the products produced by American firms. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The US has been importing much more goods than what it has been exporting. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned
17、 20 In the 1990s, according to the passage, western European countries will displace Japan and the four “Asian tigers“ as the major source of competition for US firms. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 A further integration of European Community may bring more US competitors into the marke
18、t of its member nations. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Many American companies are seeking co-operation with foreign companies so as to promote foreign marketing. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段
19、每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Stanford University 1 Stanford University, famous as one of northern Californias several institutions of higher learning, is sometimes called “the Harvard of the West.“ The closeness of Stanford to San Francisco, a city thirty-two miles to the nor
20、th, gives the university a decidedly cosmopolitan (世界性的 ) flavor. 2 The students are enrolled mainly from the western United States. But most of the fifty states send students to Stanford, and many foreign students study here, as well. And standards for admission remain high. Young men and women are
21、 selected to enter the university from the upper fifteen percent of their high school classes. 3 Not only because of the high caliber (素质 ) of its students but also because of the desirable location and climate, Stanford has attracted to its faculty some of the worlds most respected scholars. The un
22、iversity staff has included many Nobel prize winners such as Dr. ,Felix Bloch, Dr. Robert Hofstadter, and Dr. William Shockley in physics, Dr. Author Kornberg and Dr. Joshua Lederberg in medicine; and Dr. Paul J. Flory and Dr. Linus Pauling in chemistry. The Russian novelist Aleksandr Solzhenistsyn
23、has been in residence. Stanfords undergraduate school of engineering and its graduate schools of business, law, and medicine are especially well-regarded. 4 What is student life like on “The Farm“? Culturally, the campus is a magnet for both students and citizens of nearby communities. Plays, concer
24、ts, and operas are performed in the universitys several auditoriums and in its outdoor theater, where graduations are also held. Several film series are presented during the school year. Guest lecturers from public and academic life frequently appear on campus. In the evenings, many students gather
25、to socialize in the Student Unions coffee house; here the beverages (饮料 ) and the atmosphere both have a decidedly European flavor. For the sports-minded, the Stanford campus offers highly developed athletic facilities. Team sports, swimming, and track and field activity are all very much part of th
26、e Stanford picture. So are bicycling and jogging. 5 In addition to financial support from alumni (校友 ), Stanford receives grants from the government and from private philanthropic (慈善的 ) foundations. In recent years, government grants have made possible advanced studies in the fields of history, psy
27、chology, education, and atomic energy. At present Stanford is carrying out an ambitious building program, financed in part by the Ford Foundations 25 million grant. Recently added to the campus are a new physics building, new school of business, new graduate school of law, new student union, and und
28、ergraduate library. 23 A Colorful Life on Campus B Intelligent Student Body C School Administration D Distinguished Faculty E Substantial Financial Support F The Harvard of the West 23 Paragraph 2 _. 24 Paragraph 3 _. 25 Paragraph 4 _. 26 Paragraph 5 _. 27 A they can find the best students B the uni
29、versitys academic advancement and physical extension C some of the most distinguished scholars of the world D where a sports meet is held every year E must have been the top students in their classes F must be hardworking 27 Those high school graduates who can enter Stanford University _. 28 Many pr
30、ofessors like to teach in this university partly because here _. 29 On the faculty of the university there are _. 30 Financial support from both private organizations and the government has made possible _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 “Salty“ Rice Plant Boo
31、sts Harvests British scientists are breeding a new generation of rice plants that will be able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may enable abandoned farms to become productive once more. Tim Flowers and Tony Yeo, from Sussex Universitys School of Biological Sciences, have spent seve
32、ral years researching how crops, such as rice, could be made to grow in water that has become salty. The pair have recently begun a three-year programme, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, to establish which genes enable some plants to survive salty conditions. The
33、 aim is to breed this capability into crops, starting with rice. It is estimated that each year more than olOm hectares (公顷 ) of agricultural land are lost because salt gets into the soil and stunts (妨碍生长 ) plants. The problem is caused by several factors. In the tropics, mangroves (红树林 ) that creat
34、e swamps (沼泽 ) and traditionally formed barriers to sea water have been cut down. In the Mediterranean, a series of droughts have caused the water table to drop, allowing sea water to seep (渗透 ) in. In Latin America, irrigation often causes problems when water is evaporated (蒸发 ) by the heat, leavin
35、g salt deposits behind. Excess salt then enters the plants and prevents them functioning normally. Heavy concentrations of minerals in the plants stop them drawing up the water they need to survive. To overcome these problems, Flowers and Yeo decided to breed rice plants that take in very little sal
36、t and store what they do absorb in cells that do not affect the plants growth. They have started to breed these characteristics into a new rice crop, but it will take about eight harvests before the resulting seeds are ready to be considered for commercial use. Once the characteristics for surviving
37、 salty soil are known, Flowers and Yeo will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops and plants. Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able to bloom again, providing much needed food in the poorer countries of the world. 31 Which of the following statements about Fl
38、owers and Yeo is true? （ A） They are students at Sussex University. （ B） They are rice breeders. （ C） They are husband and wife. （ D） They are colleagues at an institution of higher learning. 32 Flowers and Yeo have started a programme （ A） to find ways to prevent water pollution. （ B） to identify g
39、enes that promote growth in salty soil. （ C） to breed rice plants that taste salty. （ D） to find ways to remove excessive salt from soil. 33 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of the problem discussed in the passage? （ A） Natural barriers to sea water have been destroyed. （ B） The wa
40、ter table has gone down after droughts. （ C） Sea level has been continuously rising. （ D） Evaporation of water leaves salt behind. 34 The word “affect“ in Paragraph 6 could be best replaced by （ A） influence. （ B） effect. （ C） stop. （ D） present. 35 The attitude of the author towards the research pr
41、oject is （ A） positive. （ B） negative. （ C） suspicious. （ D） indifferent. 36 Fords Assembly Line When it comes to singling out those who have made a difference in all our lives, you cannot overlook Henry Ford. A historian a century from now might well conclude that it was Ford who most influenced al
42、l manufacturing, everywhere, even to this day, by introducing a new way to make cars-one, strange to say, that originated in slaughterhouses (屠宰场 ). Back in the early 1900s, slaughterhouses used what could have been called a “disassembly line“. Ford reversed this process to see if it would speed up
43、production of a part of an automobile engine called a magneto. Rather than have each worker completely assemble a magneto, one of its elements was placed on a conveyer, and each worker, as it passed, added another component to it, the same one each time. Professor David Hounshell of the University o
44、f Delaware, an expert on industrial development, tells what happened: “The previous day, workers carrying out the entire process had averaged one assembly every 20 minutes. But on that day, on the line, the assembly team averaged one every 13 minutes and 10 seconds per person.“ Within a year, the ti
45、me had been reduced to five minutes. In 1913, Ford went all the way. Hooked together by ropes, partially assembled vehicles were towed (拖，拉 ) past workers who completed them one piece at a time. It wasnt long before Ford was turning out several hundred thousand cars a year, a remarkable achievement
46、then. And so efficient and economical was this new system that he cut the price of his cars in half, to $260, putting them within reach of all those who, up until that time, could not afford them. Soon, auto makers the world over copied him. In fact, he encouraged them to do so by writing a book abo
47、ut all of his innovations, entitled Today and Tomorrow. The Age of the Automobile has arrived. Today, aided by robots and other forms of automation (自动化 ), everything from toasters to perfumes is made on assembly lines. 36 Which of the following statements about Henry Ford is NOT true? （ A） He intro
48、duced a new way of production. （ B） He influenced all manufacturing. （ C） He inspired other auto makers. （ D） He changed the minds of historians. 37 The writer mentions “slaughterhouses“ because they were the places where （ A） Fords assembly line originated. （ B） Ford made his first car. （ C） Ford r
49、eadjusted the assembly line. （ D） Ford innovated the disassembly line. 38 A magneto is a technical term for （ A） an automobile. （ B） a production line. （ C） a part of an automobile engine. （ D） a disassembly line. 39 The phrase “turning out“ in the last paragraph could be best replaced by （ A） producing. （ B） selling. （ C） buying. （ D） fixing. 40 The invention of the assembly line enabled Henry Ford （ A） to create more jobs for the unemployed. （ B） to write a book on history. （ C） to reduce the price of his cars to $260.
