1、职称英语（综合类） B级模拟试卷 47及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful articles in the market. （ A） batteries （ B） bargains （ C） baskets （ D） barrels 2 In previous times, when
2、 fresh meat was inadequate, pigeons were kept by many households as a source of food. （ A） in short store （ B） in short provision （ C） in short reserve （ D） in short supply 3 The tomato juice left a brown stain on the front of my jacket. （ A） track （ B） trace （ C） spot （ D） point 4 A peculiarly poin
3、ted chin is his most memorable facial characteristic. （ A） mark （ B） feature （ C） trace （ D） appearance 5 Professor Taylors talk has indicated that science has a very strong influence on the everyday life of non-scientists as well as scientists. （ A） motivation （ B） perspective （ C） impression （ D）
4、impact 6 I catch a cold now and then. （ A） always （ B） occasionally （ C） constantly （ D） regularly 7 Housewives who do not go out to work often feel they are not working to their full ability. （ A） capacity （ B） strength （ C） length （ D） possibility 8 The newspaper did not mention the degree of the
5、damage caused by the fire. （ A） range （ B） level （ C） extent （ D） quantity 9 Shelly had prepared carefully for her biology examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first endeavor. （ A） intention （ B） attempt （ C） purpose （ D） desire 10 The manager got angry just because his secreta
6、ry was ten minutes late. （ A） lost his mood （ B） lost his temper （ C） lost his mind （ D） lost his passion 11 They bought the land in order to build a new office block. （ A） with a purpose to （ B） with a view to （ C） with a goal to （ D） with a reason to 12 Please give my best wishes to your family. （
7、 A） notice （ B） attention （ C） regards （ D） cares 13 A complete change in policy is needed if relations are ever to improve. （ A） strict （ B） wide （ C） ever （ D） radical 14 She can speak French and German,let alone English. （ A） to say nothing of （ B） to speak nothing of （ C） to talk nothing of （ D）
8、 to tell nothing of 15 At the meeting both sides exchanged their views on a wide scope of topics they were interested in. （ A） extent （ B） number （ C） collection （ D） range 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 S
9、chooling and Education It is commonly believed in the United States that school is where people go to get an education.Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school.The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.Educ
10、ation is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling.Education knows no bounds.It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or in the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor.It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning.
11、The agents of education can range from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises.A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to di
12、scover how little is known of other religions.People are engaged in education from infancy on.Education,then,is a very broad, inclusive term.It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral part of ones entire life.Schooling, on the
13、other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on.The
14、slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the workings of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught.For example, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth ab
15、out political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling. 16 There is no difference between schooling and education in the United States. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17
16、 According to the passage, education can be get in a kitchen. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Schooling can be predictable,while education may bring surprises. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Childrens education process should begin at the age of three. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong
17、（ C） Not mentioned 20 Through out the country, children arrive at school at different time. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Its unlikely to find out the truth about political problems of communities in high school classes. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The writer argues tha
18、t childrens schooling should be stopped by education. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Car Crime 1 A million motorists leave their cars filled up with petrol
19、 and with the keys in the ignition every day.The cars are sitting in petrol stations while drivers pay for their fuel.The Automobile Association (AA) has discovered that cars are left unattended for an average three minutes and sometimes longer as drivers buy drinks, sweets, cigarettes and other con
20、sumer items.With payment of credit cards becoming more and more common, it is not unusual for a driver to be out of his car for as long as six minutes, providing the car theft with a golden opportunity. 2.For more than ten years there has been a big rise in car crime than in most other types of crim
21、es.An average of more than two cars a minute are broken into or stolen in the UK.Car crime accounts for almost a third of all reported offenses with no signs that the trend is slowing down. 3.Although there are highly professional criminals involved in car theft, almost 90 percent of car theft is co
22、mmitted by the opportunists.Amateur thieves are aided by our own carelessness.The AA recommends locking up whenever you leave the car and for however short a period.A partially open sunroof or window is a further come-on to thieves. 4.There are many other traps to avoid.The AA has found little aware
23、ness among drivers about safe parking.Most motorists questioned made no efforts to avoid parking in quiet spots just the places thieves love.The A A advises drives to park in places with people around-thieves dont like audiences. A.Safe parking B.Increase in car theft C.Opportunities for non-profess
24、ionals D.Anti-theft organizations E.Drivers carelessness: a factor in promoting car stealing F.Car stealing mostly by professional criminals 23 Paragraph 1_ 24 Paragraph 2_ 25 Paragraph 3_ 26 Paragraph 4_ 26 A.the carelessness of the drivers B.increase in the number of cars stolen C.non-professional
25、 thieves D.lack of parking space E.safe parking spots F.professional thieves 27 Most car thefts should be blamed on_. 28 In the past decade there has been a big_. 29 Most of the car thefts are found to be committed by_. 30 Car drivers are found to be careless in choosing_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共
26、45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Electronic Mail During the past few years, scientists all over the world have suddenly found themselves productively engaged in task they once spent their lives avoiding writing, any kind of writing, but particularly letter writing.Encouraged by electroni
27、c mails surprisingly high speed, convenience and economy, people who never before touched the stuff are.regularly, skillfully, even cheerfully tapping out a great deal of correspondence. Electronic networks, woven into the fabric of scientific communication these days, are the route to colleagues in
28、 distant countries, shared data, bulletin boards and electronic journals.Anyone with a personal computer, a modern and the software to link computers over telephone lines can sign on.An estimated five million scientists have done so with more joining every day, most of them communicating through a b
29、undle of interconnected domestic and foreign routes known collectively as the Internet, or net. E-mail is starting to edge out the fax, the telephone, overnight mail, and of course, land mail.It shrinks time and distance between scientific collaborators, in part because it is conveniently asynchrono
30、us (异步的 ) (Writers can type while their colleagues across time zones sleep; their message will be waiting.).If it is not yet speeding discoveries, it is certainly accelerating communication. Jeremy Bernstein, the physicist and science writer, once called E-mail the physicists umbilical cord (脐带 ).La
31、ter other people, too, have been discovering its connective virtues.Physicists are using it; college students are using it; everybody is using it; and as a sign that it has come of age, the New Yorker has celebrated its liberating presence with a cartoon an appreciative dog seated at a keyboard, say
32、ing happily, “On the Internet, nobody knows youre a dog.“ 31 The reasons given below about the popularity of E-mail can be found in the passage except （ A） direct and reliable （ B） time-saving in delivery （ C） money-saving （ D） available at any time 32 How is the Internet or net explained in the pas
33、sage? （ A） Electronic routes used to fax or correspond overnight. （ B） Electronic routes used to read home and international journals. （ C） Electronic routes waiting for correspondence while one is sleeping. （ D） Electronic routes connected among millions of users home and abroad. 33 What does the s
34、entence “ If it is not yet speeding discoveries, it is certainly accelerating communication“ most probably mean? （ A） The quick speed of correspondence may have ill effects on discoveries. （ B） Although it does not speed up correspondence, it helps make discoveries. （ C） It quickens mutual communica
35、tion even if it does not accelerate discoveries. （ D） It shrinks time for communication and accelerates discoveries. 34 Why is a dog sitting before a computer keyboard in a cartoon published by the New Yorkers? （ A） Even dogs are interested in the computer. （ B） E-mail has become very popular. （ C）
36、Dogs are liberated from their usual duties. （ D） E-mai deprives dogs of their owners love. 35 What will happen to fax, land mail,overnight mail,etc according to the writer? （ A） Their functions cannot be replaced by E-mail. （ B） They will co-exist with E-mail for a long time. （ C） Less and less peop
37、le will use them. （ D） They will play a supplementary function to E-mail. 35 Hacking People tend to think of computers as isolated machines, working away all by themselves.Some do personal computer without an outside link, like someones hideaway (隐蔽的 ) cabin in the woods. But just as most of homes a
38、re tied to a community by streets, bus routes and electric lines, computers that exchange intelligence are part of a community local, national and even global network joined by telephone connections. The computer network is a creation of the electric age, but it is based on old-fashioned trust.It ca
39、nnot work without trust. A rogue loose (为所欲为的无赖 ) in a computer system called hacker (黑客 ) is worse than a thief entering your house.He could go through anyones electronic mail or add to, change, distort or delete anything in the information stored in the computers memory.He could even take control
40、of the entire system by placing his own instructions in the software that runs it.He could shut the computer down whenever he wished, and no one could stop him. Then he could program the computer to erase any sign of his ever having been there. Hacking, our electronic-age term for computer break-in,
41、 is more and more in the news-brainy kids vandalizing university records, even pranking (胡闹 ) about in supposedly safeguarded systems.To those who understand how computer networks are increasingly regulating life in the late 20th century, these are not laughing matters.A potential for disaster is bu
42、ilding; A dissatisfied former insurance-company employee wipes out information from payroll (工资表 ) files.A student sends out a “virus“ , a secret and destructive command, over a national network.The virus copies itself at lightning speed, jamming the entire network thousands of academic, commercial
43、and government computer systems.Such disastrous cases have already occurred.Now exists the possibility of terrorism by computer.Spoiling a system responsible for air-traffic control at a busy airport, or knocking out the telephones of a major city, is a relatively easy way to spread panic.Yet neithe
44、r business nor government has done enough to toughen its defenses against attack.For one thing, such defenses are expensive; for another, they may interrupt communication the main reason for using computers in the first place. 36 The writer mentions “a thief“ in the second paragraph_. （ A） to show t
45、hat a hacker is more dangerous than a thief （ B） to tell people that thieves like to steal computers nowadays （ C） to demand that a protective computer system should be set up against thieves （ D） to demonstrate that hackers and thieves are the same people 37 The word “vandalizing“ in Paragraph 3 me
46、ans_. （ A） stealing （ B） creating （ C） destroying （ D） updating 38 According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true? （ A） Hacking is also known as computer break-in. （ B） Experts on computer networks consider hacking nothing serious. （ C） Hacking is a widespread concern. （ D）
47、Hacking is potentially disastrous. 39 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as an instance of attack by a hacker? （ A） Deleting information in the computers memory. （ B） Shutting down the computer whenever he wishes. （ C） Entering your house to steal. （ D） Spoiling a system for air
48、traffic. 40 One of the reasons why business or government has not taken tough measures to stop hacking is that _ （ A） it will cause fear among the public （ B） hacking has not caused much damage （ C） tough measures are illegal （ D） communication may be interrupted 40 Natural Medicines Since earliest
49、days, humans have used some kinds of medicines.We know this because humans have survived.Ancient treatments for injury and disease were successful enough to keep humans from dying out completely. They were successful long before the time of modern medicine.Before the time of doctors with white coats and shiny (发亮的 ) instruments.Before the time of big hospitals with strange and wonderful equipment. Many parts of the world still do
