1、职称英语（综合类） C级模拟试卷 20及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Cattle graze on the dry uplands of the island of Hawaii. （ A） wander （ B） breed （ C） feed （ D） exercise 2 I wonder what your aim in life is. （ A） attitude （ B） symbol （ C） goal （ D） action 3 I
2、t is ridiculous to dispute about such things. （ A） foolish （ B） shocking （ C） frightening （ D） amusing 4 Can you follow the plot so far? （ A） change （ B） investigate （ C） write （ D） understand 5 The Klondike was the scene of one of the biggest gold rushes the world has ever known. （ A） location （ B）
3、 view （ C） event （ D） landscape 6 The city has decided to do away with all the old buildings in its center. （ A） get rid of （ B） set up （ C） repair （ D） paint 7 Please do net hesitate to call me if I can be of further assistance. （ A） contact （ B） see （ C） help （ D） touch 8 Have you talked to her la
4、tely? （ A） lastly （ B） finally （ C） shortly （ D） recently 9 You must shine your shoes. （ A） polish （ B） clear （ C） wash （ D） mend 10 The sea was calm and still. （ A） quite （ B） quiet （ C） yet （ D） rough 11 All the people assembled at Marys house. （ A） collected （ B） fixed （ C） asserted （ D） assist 1
5、2 Trading companies put up the money for the first English colonies in North America. （ A） supplied （ B） earned （ C） needed （ D） borrowed 13 Everybody was glad to see Mary back. （ A） sorry （ B） sad （ C） angry （ D） happy 14 We packed up the things we had accumulated (积累 ) over the last three years an
6、d left. （ A） late （ B） recent （ C） past （ D） final 15 In the process， the light energy converts to heat energy （ A） reduces （ B） changes （ C） leaves （ D） drops 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如 果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 The Cold Plac
7、es The Arctic is a polar region. It surrounds the North Pole. Like Antarctica, the Arctic is a land of ice and snow. Antarctica holds the record for a low temperature reading 125 Fahrenheit below zero. Readings of 85 degrees below zero are common in both the Arctic and Antarctica. Winter temperature
8、s average 30 degrees below zero in the Arctic. At the South Pole the winter is about 73 degrees below zero. One thing alone makes it almost impossible for men to Jive in Antarctica and in parts of the Arctic. This one thing is the low temperature the killing chili of the far North and the polar Sout
9、h. To survive, men must wear the warmest possible clothing. They must build windproof shelters. They must keep heaters going at all times. Not even for moment can they be unprotected against the below-zero temperature. Men have a way of providing for themselves. Polar explorers wrap themselves in wa
10、rm coats and furs. The cold makes life difficult. But the explorers can stay alive. What about animals? Can they survive? Do we find plants? Do we find life in the Arctic and the Antarctica? Yes, we do. There is life in the oceans. There is life on land. Antarctica, as we have seen, is a cold place
11、indeed. But this has not always been the case. Expedition scientists have discovered that Antarctica may have been much like our own. Explores have discovered coal in Antarctica. This leads them to believe that Antarctica at one time was a land of swamps and forests. Heat and moisture must have kept
12、 the trees in the forests alive. 16 The lowest temperature that man has ever known was recorded in Antarctica. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Winter temperatures average 85 degrees below zero in Antarctica. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 The Arctic and Antarctica are no man
13、s lands because of their notorious coldness. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Polar explorers can stay alive without heaters and windproof shelters. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Despite the hostile environment, both animals and plants can be found in the oceans and on land
14、in polar areas. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 As discovered by expedition scientists, Antarctica has not always been so cold as it is today, so has the Arctic. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 At one time, the weather in Antarctica was so warm and damp that trees grew there.
15、 （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Washoe Learned American Sign Language 1 An animal that influenced scientific thought has died. A chimpanzee named Washoe an
16、d born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the American state of Washington. Washoe had become known in the scientific community and a-round the world for her ability to use American Sign Language. She was said to be the first non-human to learn
17、a human language. Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to understand language. 2 Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966. In 1969, the Gardners described Washoes progress in a scientific report. The people who experimented w
18、ith Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words. For example, Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and bananas. She also asked questions like, “Who is coming to play?“ Once the news a-bout Washoe spread, many language scientists began s
19、tudies of their own into this new and exciting area of research. The whole direction of primate research changed. 3 However, critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers. They said she had never developed true language skills. Even now, there are so
20、me researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory, and perform the signs only for prizes. Yet Washoes keepers disagree. Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gardners. He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg, Washington. There, Washoe taught sign language to thre
21、e younger chimpanzees, which are still alive. 4 Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information a-bout the mental workings of chimpanzees. Today, there are not as many scientists studying language skills with chimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of res
22、earch takes a very long time. 5 Debate continues about chimps understanding of human communication. Yet, one thing is sure-Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence. A Reason Why Not Many Scientists Carry out This Research Nowadays B Report about Washoes Progress in
23、 Learning Sign Language C General Information about Washoe D The Gardeners Contributions Recognized E Debate on Chimps Intelligence F Washoes Love for Three Young Chimps 23 Paragraph 1_. 24 Paragraph 2_. 25 Paragraph 3_. 26 Paragraph . 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳
24、选项。 27 Weight on and off the Ears We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quite an effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take for granted. Because we can feel that things are heavy, we think of “weight“ as being a fixed quality in an object, but it
25、is not really fixed at all. If you could take a One-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound. Why would things weigh only a quarter as much as they do at the surface of the earth if we took them 4,000 miles out into space? The reason is this: A
26、ll objects have a natural attraction for all other objects; this is called gravitational attraction. But this power of attraction between two objects gets weaker as they get farther apart. When the butter was at the surface of the earth, it was 4,000 miles from the center. When we took the butter 4,
27、000 miles out, it was 8,000 from the center, which is twice the distance. If you double the distance between two objects, their gravitational attraction decreases two times two. If you treble the distance, it gets nine times weaker (three times three) and so on. So this is one of the first things we
28、 need to remember: that the weight of an object in space is not the same as its weight on the surface of the earth. What about the weight of our pound of butter on the surface of the moon? At the distance the pull of the earth is about 4,000 times smaller than it is here on the surface, so we can fo
29、rget all about the earth-pull on our butter. On the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and the moon: but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of gravitati
30、onal pull Hat a body produces depends on the amount of material in it .A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small, in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun. 27 How much would four pounds of tea weigh if it was taken 4,000
31、 miles out from the surface of the earth? （ A） 1 pound. （ B） 2 pounds. （ C） 3 pounds. （ D） 4 pounds. 28 We find it hard to break free from ideas connected with living on the earth because （ A） it demands too great an effort for us to do so. （ B） we are too familiar with the way things are to questio
32、n the ideas. （ C） we have proved that those ideas are correct. （ D） we are so sure of ourselves that we never doubt anything on the earth. 29 According to the passage, “weight“ should be understood in the sense that （ A） it is fixed if it is outside the earths gravitational pull. （ B） it decreases f
33、our times when it is 4,000 miles from the earths center. （ C） it varies with the change of the gravitational attraction between two objects. （ D） things increase in amount as they are closer to the earths surface. 30 We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter because （ A） it is too
34、small to have a gravitational pull of its own. （ B） its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it. （ C） its pull disappears in the presence of the earths gravitation. （ D） it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull. 31 The main idea of this passage is （ A） different weight systems in differe
35、nt places. （ B） freedom from traditional ideas. （ C） traveling from the earth to the moon. （ D） the effect of gravitation on weight. 32 Up in Smoke I began to smoke when I was in high school. In fact, I remember the evening I was at a girlfriends house, and we were watching a movie-a terribly romant
36、ic movie. He (the hero of the movie) was in love, she (his lady) was beautiful, and they were both smoking. My friend had only two cigarettes from a pack in her mothers purse, and she gave one to me. It was my first time. My parents didnt care much. They both smoked, and my older brother did too. My
37、 mother told me that smokers dont grow tall, but I was already 56“ (taller than most of the boys in my class), so I was happy to hear that “fact. In school, the teachers talked against smoking, but the cigarette advertisements were so exciting. The men in the ads were so good-looking and so successf
38、ul, and the women were-well, they were beautiful and sophisticated (老于世故的 ). I read a book called How to Stop Smoking. The writer said that smoking wastes time, and that cigarettes cost a lot of money. “So what?“ I thought. The book didnt say that smoking can take away years of your life. But ten ye
39、ars later, everyone began to hear about the negative effects of cigarette smoke: lung disease, cancer, and heart problems. After that, there was a health warning on every pack of cigarettes. I didnt pay much attention to the reports and warnings. I felt healthy, and I thought I was taking good care
40、of myself. Then two events changed my mind. First, I started to cough. I thought it was just a cold, but it didnt get better. Second, my brother got lung cancer. He got sicker and sicker. My brother and I used to smoke cigarettes together over twenty years ago, and we smoked our last cigarettes toge
41、ther the day before he died. I sat with him in his hospital room, and I decided to quit. “NO more cigarettes, ever,“ I said to myself. However, it was very hard to stop. Nicotine (尼古丁 ) is a drug; as a result, Cigarettes cause a powerful addiction. I tried several times to quit on my own-without suc
42、cess. I made excuses. I told myself: Smoking helps me keep my figure-i.e. I dont gain weight when I smoke. Smoking not only relaxes me but it also helps me think clearly. Im a free, liberated woman. I can smoke when I want to. Finally, I ran out of excuses-I might say my excuses went up in smoke. I
43、joined the “Stop Smoking“ program at the local hospital, which also ended up in failure. 32 How the writer started smoking shows the powerful influence of （ A） educational institutions. （ B） ones social status. （ C） the mass media. （ D） public opinions. 33 The “fact“ in Paragraph 2 refers to （ A） he
44、r admiration for the men in the ads. （ B） her mothers warning that smokers dont grow tall. （ C） her height of 56“. （ D） the teachers negative attitude towards smoking. 34 The book called How to Stop Smoking （ A） cost the writer a lot of time to read. （ B） was not taken seriously by the writer. （ C）
45、warned the reader of the risk of lung cancer. （ D） left the writer in confusion, 35 The writer decided to quit smoking partly because （ A） she could not afford any more cigarettes, （ B） her doctor had advised her to do so. （ C） her brother had given up smoking. （ D） she had started to cough. 36 The
46、writer found it hard to quit smoking because （ A） she had been addicted to nicotine. （ B） she had been putting on weight. （ C） she could not think clearly. （ D） she was an independent woman. 36 The State of Marriage Today Is there something seriously wrong with marriage today? During the past 50 yea
47、rs, the rate of divorce in the United States has exploded: almost 50% of marriages end in divorce now, and the evidence suggests it is going to get worse. If this trend continues, it will lead to the breakup of the family, according to a spokesperson for the National Family Association. Some futuris
48、ts predict that in 100 years, the average American will marry at least four times, and extramarital(婚外的 ) affairs will be even more common than now. But what are the reasons for this, and is the picture really so gloomy (明暗的 ) ? The answer to the first question is really quite simple; marriage is no
49、 longer the necessity it once was. The institution of marriage has been based for years partly on economic need. Women used to be economically dependent on their husbands as they usually didnt have jobs outside the home. But with the rising number of women in well paying jobs, this is no longer the case, so they dont feel that they need to stay in a failing marriage. In answer to the second question, the outlook may not be as pessimistic (悲观的 ) as it seems. While the rate of divorce has risen, the rat
