1、职称英语（综合类） C级模拟试卷 22及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 She exhibited great powers of endurance during the climb. （ A） play （ B） send （ C） show （ D） tell 2 The eternal motion of the stars fascinated him. （ A） long （ B） never-ending （ C） boring （ D）
2、 extensive 3 She answered the difficult question.it was an immense load off her heart. （ A） natural （ B） fatal （ C） tiny （ D） enormous 4 The book made a great impact on its readers. （ A） force （ B） influence （ C） surprise （ D） power 5 Accompanied by cheerful music, we began to dance. （ A） pleasant （
3、 B） colorful （ C） fashionable （ D） different 6 The boys broke into excited cheering. （ A） burst （ B） blasted （ C） burned （ D） blazed 7 China does a lot of trade with many countries. （ A） a great deal of （ B） a great many of （ C） a large number of （ D） a great level of 8 An old friend called on me th
4、e day before yesterday. （ A） telephoned （ B） rang （ C） visited （ D） saw 9 We are going to have the TV fixed. （ A） prepared （ B） mended （ C） cleaned （ D） arranged 10 I am heartily grateful to your help. （ A） helpful （ B） hateful （ C） delightful （ D） thankful 11 The manager allocates duties to the cle
5、rks. （ A） assign （ B） persuade （ C） ask （ D） order 12 The once barren hillsides are now good farmland. （ A） hairless （ B） bare （ C） empty （ D） bald 13 It is postulated that a cure for the disease will have been found by the year 2000. （ A） challenged （ B） assumed （ C） deducted （ D） decreed 14 We mus
6、t abide by the rules. （ A） stick to （ B） persist in （ C） safeguard （ D） apply 15 From my standpoint, you know, this thing is just funny. （ A） position （ B） point of view （ C） knowledge （ D） opinion 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题 ，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B
7、；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Plants and Mankind Botany, the study of plants, occupies a peculiar position in the history of human knowledge. We dont know what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of prein-dustrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plan
8、ts and their properties must be extremely ancient. This is logical. Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of people, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, dyes, medicines, s
9、helter, and many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each. To them botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of “knowledge“ at all. Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become t
10、he farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid. When our Neolithic ancestors, living in th
11、e Middle East about 10, 000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel of agriculture cultiva
12、ted crops. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and intimacy with pla
13、nts in the wild would begin to fade away. 16 It is logical that a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 People can not survive without plants. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Tribes living today in the jung
14、le of the Amazon teach botany to their children at school. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Our direct contact with plants grows with the process of industrialization. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Today people usually acquire a large amount of botanical knowledge from textb
15、ooks. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about 10, 000 years ago. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Once mankind began farming, they no longer had to get food from many varieties that grew wild. （ A） Right （ B）
16、 Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Ford 1. Fords great strength was the manufacturing process not invention. Long before he started a car company, he was a worker, known for
17、picking up pieces of metal and wire and turning them into machines. He started putting cars together in 1891 .although it was by no means the first popular automobile, the Model T showed the world just how creative Ford was at combining technology and market. 2. The companys assembly line alone thre
18、w Americas Industrial Revolution into overdrive(高速运转 ). Instead of having workers put together the entire car, Fords friends, who were great toolmakers from Scotland, organized teams that added parts to each Model T as it moved down a line. By the time Fords Highland Park plant was humming(嗡嗡作响 )alo
19、ng in 1914, the worlds first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes. 3. The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the $ 5-a-day minimum wage scheme. The greatest contribution he had ever made. The average Wage in the auto industry then was $ 2. 34 for a 9-hour shift. For
20、d not only doubled that. He also took an hour off the workday. In those years it was unthinkable that a man could be paid that much for doing something that didnt involve an awful lot of training or education. The Wall Street Journal called the plan“an economic crime“, and critics everywhere laughed
21、 at Ford. 4. But as the wage increased later to daily $ 10, it proved a critical component of Fords dream to make the automobile accessible(可及的 )to all the critics were too stupid to understand that because Ford had lowered his costs per car, the higher wages didnt matter except for making it possib
22、le for more people to buy cars. A. Fords Followers B. The Assembly Line C. Fords Great Dream D. The Establishment of the Company E. Fords Biggest Contribution F. Fords Great Talent 23 paragraph 1 _ 24 paragraph 2 _ 25 paragraph 3 _ 26 paragraph 4_ 26 A. criticized by the media B. the low wage in the
23、 auto industry C. own a car D. Produce cars in large numbers E. the 8-hour-shift practice F. combined technology and market 27 The assembly line made it possible to_. 28 Ford was the first to adopt_. 29 Higher wages enabled many people to_. 30 Fords higher-wage and lower-cost strategy was strongly_.
24、 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Some Things We Know about Language Many things about language are a mystery, and many will always remain so. But some things we do know. First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. There is no race of men
25、anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language.no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one mother. Furthermore, in historical times, there has never been a race of men without a language. Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many people whose
26、cultures are undeveloped, who are, as we say, uncivilized, but the languages they speak are not primitive. In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing. This has not always been well understood(indeed, the direct contrary has often been
27、stated. Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate. Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises. Study has proved this to be nonsense. There are, or were, hundreds of American Indian languages, and all of them turn out to be
28、 very complicated and very old. They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with, but they are no more primitive five than English and Greek. A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate. That is, each one is a perfect means of ex
29、pressing the culture of the people who speak the language. Finally, we know that language changes. It is natural and normal for language to change;the only languages which do not change are the dead ones. This is easy to understand if we look backward in time. Change goes on in all aspects of langua
30、ge. Grammatical features change as do speech sounds, and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language. 31 In the second paragraph the author thinks that （ A） some backward race doesnt have a language of its own. （
31、B） some race in history didnt possess a language of its own. （ C） any human race, whether backward or not, has a language. （ D） some races on earth call communicate without language. 32 According to the author, people of undeveloped cultures can have_languages. （ A） complicated （ B） uncivilized （ C）
32、 primitive （ D） well-known 33 The author has used American Indian languages as an example to show that they are （ A） just as old as some well-known languages. （ B） just as sophisticated as some well-known languages. （ C） more developed than some well-known languages. （ D） more complex than some well
33、-known languages. 34 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? （ A） A language is a means of expressing a particular culture. （ B） All languages can well express their respective cultures. （ C） American Indian languages are as sophisticated as English. （ D） Some languages are better than other
34、 languages. 35 According to the author, language changes are most likely to occur in （ A） grammar. （ B） pronunciation. （ C） vocabulary. （ D） intonation. 35 Stress Level Tied to Education Level People with less education suffer fewer stressful days, according to a report in the current issue of the J
35、ournal of Health and Social Behavior. However, the study also found that when less-educated people did suffer stress it was more severe and had a larger impact on their health. From this, researchers have concluded that the day-to-day factors that cause stress are not random. Where you are in societ
36、y determines the kinds of problems that you have each day, and how well you will cope with them. The research team interviewed a national sample of 1, 031 adults daily for eight days about their stress level and health. People without a high school diploma reported stress on 30 percent of the study
37、days, people with a high school degree reported stress 38 percent of the time, and people with college degrees reported stress 44 percent of the time. “Less advantaged people are less healthy on a daily basis and are more likely to have downward turns in their health, “lead researcher Dr. Joseph Grz
38、ywacz.of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, said in a prepared statement. “The downward turns in health were connected with daily stressors and the effect of daily stressors on their health is much more devastating for the less advantaged. “ Grzywacz suggested follow-up research to deter
39、mine why less-educated people report fewer days of stress when it is known their stress is more acute and chronic. “If something happens every day, maybe its not seen as a stressor“Grzywacz says. “Maybe it is just life. “ 36 Stress level is closely related to （ A） family size. （ B） social status. （
40、C） body weight. （ D） work experience. 37 The 1, 031 adults were interviewed （ A） on a daily basis for 8 days. （ B） during one of eight days. （ C） all by Grzywacz. （ D） in groups. 38 Which group reported the biggest number of stressful days? （ A） People without any education. （ B） People without high
41、 school degrees. （ C） People with high school degrees. （ D） People with college degrees. 39 The less advantaged people are, the greater （ A） the impact of stress on their health is. （ B） the effect of education on their health is. （ C） the level of their education is. （ D） the degree of their health
42、 concern is. 40 Less-educated people report fewer days of stress possibly because （ A） they dont want to tell the truth. （ B） they dont want to face the truth. （ C） stress is too common a factor in their life. （ D） their stress is more acute. 40 Adaptation of Living Things Certain animals and plants
43、 develop characteristics that help them cope with their environment better than others of their kind. This natural biological process is called adaptation. Among the superior characteristics developed through adaptation are those that may help in getting food or shelter, in providing protection, and
44、 in producing and protecting the young. That results in the evolution of more and more organisms that are better fitted to their environments. Each living thing is adapted to its way of life in a general way, but each is adapted especially to its own distinct class. A plant, for example, depends upo
45、n its roots to fix itself firmly and to absorb water and inorganic chemicals. It depends upon its green leaves for using the suns energy to make food from inorganic chemicals. These are general adaptations, common to most plants. In addition, there are special adaptations that only certain kinds of
46、plants have. Many animals have adaptations that help them escape from their enemies. Some insects are hidden by their body color or shape, and many look like a leaf or a little branch. The coats of deer are colored to mix with the surroundings. Many animals have the ability to remain completely stil
47、l when an enemy is near. Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function, and genetics; in their development and production of the young; and in other respects. An organism may create its won environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the abil
48、ity to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new condition
49、s. 41 Some plants and animals develop superior characteristics so that they may （ A） help others of their kind get food, shelter and other things needed. （ B） survive even in extremely severe conditions. （ C） become better adapted to the environments than others of their kind. （ D） result in the evolution and production of more intelligent organisms. 42 In the first paragraph, the word “environments“ could best be replaced by （ A） contexts. （ B） surroundings. （
