1、阅读理解（推理判断题）强化练习试卷 1及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corr
2、esponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 There are many older people in the world and there will be many more. A little-known fact is that over 60 percent of the older people live in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization, by 2020 there
3、will be 1 billion, with over 700 million living in developing countries. It is a surprising fact that the population ageing is particularly rapid in developing countries. For example, it took France 115 years for the proportion of older people to double from 7 percent to 14 percent. It is estimated
4、to take China a mere 27 years to achieve this same increase. What are the implications of these increased numbers of older folk? One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live, the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability (残疾 ). Attention is being paid to t
5、he need to keep people as healthy as possible, including during old age, to lessen the financial burden on the state. Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations to understand and value the older people in their society. In some African countries, certainly in Asia, older peo
6、ple are respected and regarded as the ones with special knowledge. Yet traditions are fading away daily, which does not ensure the continued high regard of older people. As society changes, attitudes will change. Much needs to be done to get rid of age discrimination (歧视 ) in employment. Lifelong le
7、arning programs need to be provided to enable older people to be active members in a countrys development. Social security policies need to be established to provide adequate income protection for older people. Both public and private schemes are vital in order to build a suitable safety net. 1 The
8、proportion of older people_. （ A） is bigger in developed countries than in developing countries （ B） is one-seventh of the population in developing countries （ C） will increase much faster in China than in France （ D） will be sixty percent in developing countries by 2020 2 According to passage, whic
9、h of the following are governments most worried about? （ A） The diseases and disability of older people. （ B） The longer life and good health of people. （ C） The loss of taxes on older people. （ D） The increasing respect for older people. 3 It is stated directly in the passage that older people shou
10、ld_. （ A） be treated differently in different cultures （ B） enjoy a similar lifestyle （ C） be ignored as society changes （ D） be valued by the younger generations 4 Which of the following measure is NOT mentioned to solve the population ageing problem? （ A） Getting rid of age discrimination in emplo
11、yment. （ B） Ensuring adequate income protection for older people. （ C） Providing free health care for sick older people. （ D） Supplying life-long learning programs to older people. 5 The author concludes in the last paragraph that_. （ A） governments have spent lots of time in solving the ageing prob
12、lem （ B） population ageing is a hard problem, but it needs to be solved urgently （ C） people are too busy to solve the population ageing problem （ D） much time and effort will be lost in solving the ageing problem 5 If you have a chance to go to Finland, you will probably be surprised to find how “f
13、oolish“ the Finnish people are. Take the taxi drivers for example. Taxis in Finland are mostly high-class Benz with a fare of two US dollars a kilometer You can go anywhere in one, tell the driver to drop you at any place, say that you have some business to attend to, and: then walk off without payi
14、ng your fare. The driver would not show the least sign of anxiety. The dining rooms in all big hotels not only serve their guests, hut also serve outside diners. Hotel guests have their meals free， so they naturally go to the free dining rooms to have their meals. The most they would do to show thei
15、r good faith is to wave their registration card to the waiter. With such a loose check, you can easily use any old registration card to take a couple of friends to dine free of charge. The Finnish workers are paid by the hour. They are very much on their own as soon as they have agreed with the boss
16、 on the rate. From then on they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly. With so many loopholes (漏洞 ) in everyday life, surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take “petty advantages“. But the strange thing is, all the taxi passengers would always come
17、 back to pay their fare after they have attended to their business; not a single outsider has ever been found in the free hotel dining rooms. And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put in. As the Finns always act on good faith in everything they do, living in such a societ
18、y has turned everyone into a real “gentleman“. In a society of such high moral practice, what need is there for people to be on guard against others? 6 While taking a taxi in Finland, _. （ A） a passenger can go anywhere without having to pay the driver （ B） a passenger pays two US dollars for a taxi
19、 ride （ C） a passenger can never be turned down by the taxi driver wherever he wants to go （ D） a passenger needs to provide good faith demonstration before they leave without paying 7 We know from the passage that big hotels in Finland_. （ A） provide meal for only those who live in the hotels （ B）
20、provide meals for any diners （ C） provide free wine and charge for food （ D） are mostly poorly managed 8 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? （ A） The workers in Finland are paid by the hour. （ B） The bosses in Finland are too busy to check the working hours of their employee
21、s. （ C） The workers are always honest with their working hours. （ D） The workers and their bosses will make an agreement in advance about the pay. 9 The word “those“ in the last paragraph probably refers to_. （ A） people who often take taxis （ B） people who often have meals in big hotels （ C） people
22、 who are dishonest （ D） people who are worthy of trust 10 It can be concluded that_. （ A） Finnish people are not smart enough in daily life （ B） Finland has been a good place for cheats （ C） the Finnish society is of very high moral level （ D） all the Finns are rich 10 Scientists find that hard-work
23、ing people live longer than average men and women. Career women are healthier than housewives. Evidence shows that the jobless are in poorer health than jobholders. An investigation shows that whenever the unemployment rate increases by 1%, the death rate increases by 2%. All this comes down to one
24、point: work is helpful to health. Why is work good for health? It is because work keeps people busy away from loneliness. Researches show that people feel unhappy, worried and lonely when they have nothing to do. Instead, the happiest are those who are busy. Many high achievers who love their career
25、s feel that they are happiest when they are working hard. Work serves as a bridge between man and reality. By work people come into with each other. By collective activity they find friendship and warmth. This is helpful to health. The loss of work means the loss of everything. It affects man spirit
26、ually and makes him ill. Besides, work gives one a sense of fulfillment and a sense of achievement. Work makes one feel his value and status in society. When a writer finishes his writing or a doctor successfully operates on a patient or a teacher sees his students grow, they are happy beyond words.
27、 From the above we can come to the conclusion that the more you work the happier and healthier you will be. Let us work hard and study and live a happy and healthy life. 11 The underlined word “average“ in Paragraph 1 means_. （ A） healthy （ B） lazy （ C） ordinary （ D） poor 12 The reason why housewive
28、s are not as healthy as career women is that_. （ A） housewives are poorer than career women （ B） housewives have more children than career women （ C） housewives have less chance to communicate with others （ D） housewives eat less food than career women 13 Which of the following statements is TRUE ac
29、cording to Paragraph 2? （ A） Busy people have nothing to do at home. （ B） High achievers dont care about their families. （ C） There is no friendship and warmth at home. （ D） A satisfying job helps to keep one healthy. 14 We can infer from the passage that those who do not work_. （ A） are likely to l
30、ive a shorter life （ B） will lose everything at home （ C） can live as long as those who work （ D） have more time to make new friends 15 The best title for this passage may be_. （ A） People Should Find a Job （ B） Working Hard Is Good for Health （ C） People Should Make More Friends by Work （ D） The Lo
31、ss of Work Means the Loss of Everything 阅读理解（推理判断题）强化练习试卷 1答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should deci
32、de on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 【知识模块】 推理判断题 1 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 根据文章第二段 it took France 115 years for the proportion of older people to double from 7 percent to 14 percent It is estimated to take China 可知中国人口老化速度比法国快 。
33、【知识模块】 推理判断题 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 根据原文第三段 One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live， the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability(残疾 )可知政府最大的担心是人们上了年纪之后，生病和残疾的可能性增大了。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解 析】 根据文章第四段 Another significant problem is the need for the
34、younger generations to understand and value the older people in their society可知作者认为有必要让年青一代理解并看重社会中的老年人。因此选择 D。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 4 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 在文章第五、六段中可以找到 A、 B、 D的对应语句，而关于 C选项，文中只提到尽可能地保持人们身体健 康，但未提到 “free health care”。因此选C。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 5 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 根据文章最后一段可知，作者认为有必要为老年人建立一个合适的安全网，因此排除 A(已经
35、花了很多时间 )、 C(太忙以至于不能解决这个问题 )、D(很多时间和努力会被花掉 )。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 【知识模块】 推理判断题 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查对句子细节的理解。根据第二段 “You can go anywhere in one， tell the driver to drop you at any place”可知 C项正确。 A项错在不付钱是当时有重要业务要参加的时候，而不是任何时候都不付钱。况且第四段提到所有的乘客都会在办理了紧急业务后回来付车费。文章中 “with a fare of two US dollars a kilometer”意思是
36、每公里 2美元，而不是 B项说的每次乘车都是 2美元。 D项未提到要先提供诚信的范例。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 7 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查对细节的把握。根据第三段第一句 话可知 B项正确。 A项错在 “only those who live in the hotels”，与原文相反。 C项错在 “charge for food”，与原文相反。 D项不符合文章的主旨。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查对文章句子细节的把握。根据文章意思，可知芬兰的老板不检查雇员的工作时间是因为相信雇员是诚实的，而不是太忙顾不上。因此 B项不正确，符合题干要
37、求。其他三项均可以从文章中找到出处。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 9 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题指示代词考查词汇在特定语境中的含义。定位到第五段第一句， “日常生活中有如此多的漏洞，对于那些喜欢占 小便宜 的人来说，芬兰简直是一个天堂 ”。因此 “those”指代的是 “people who are dishonest”。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 10 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查的是对文章主旨的理解。所以 C项正确。 D项未提及。 A和 B两项均是对文章主旨的曲解。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 【知识模块】 推理判断题 11 【正确答案】 C 【 试题解析】 本题属于词汇
38、细节题，考查在句子语境中对词汇的理解。这种词汇细节题实际考查的是考生对词汇基本意义以外的含义的掌握。在本题中，就是从四个答案中找同义词。四个答案中 C项 Ordinary意为 “一般的，普通的 ”，而average表示 “大多数的，普通的 ”意思。所以选 C。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 12 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查对文章上下文意思的把握。本文的中心问题是： “为什么家庭主妇没有职业女性健康 ?”从上下文看，文章第二段第二、三句话， “It is because work keeps people busy away from loneliness Researches sho
39、w that people feel unhappy， worried and lonely when they have nothing to do ”可以看出家庭主妇更孤单，缺少交流。所以选 C。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 13 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查对文章第二段段落大意的理解。其实，第二段的第一句话就是该段的主题句，其他的句子都是支持性细节材料，主要讲述的是：你工作 得越多，你就会越幸福、越健康。所以选 D“一份满意的工作能使人保持健康 ”。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 14 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题属于推论题。标志性的词汇就是 infer，考查对文章意思的整体推理。文章是从正面论述：有工作的人比没有工作的人更长寿。所以选 A“没有工作的人寿命可能更短 ”。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 15 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题属于文章主旨大意题，考查对文章中心思想的掌握。其实，文章的第一句话就是整篇文章的中心句，其他段落都是围绕该句展开。 本文主题思想是：工作使人更健康、长寿。所以选 B。 【知识模块】 推理判断题
