1、阅读理解（语义理解题）强化练习试卷 3及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corr
2、esponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 In the last 500 years, nothing about people their clothes, ideas, or languages has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of cocoa tree by South American Indians. The Spanish
3、 introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500s. Although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. In London, shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today. The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brough
4、t it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. The potato was the main food at Irish table. Thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the “Potato Famine“ (土豆饥荒 ) of 1845 1846, and thousands more were forced to move to America. There are many other foods that have trave
5、led from South America to the old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia (埃塞俄比亚 ). It was first made into a drink by Arabs d
6、uring the 1400s. According to an Arabic story, coffee was discovered when a man named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red fruits on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the “wide-awake“ feeling that one-third of the worlds population now starts the day with. . 1 According t
7、o the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years? （ A） Food. （ B） Chocolate drinks. （ C） Potato. （ D） Coffee. 2 “Some“ in the sentence “Some still exist today. “ refers to . （ A） cocoa trees （ B） chocolate （ C） shops （ D） meeting places 3 Thousands of Irish people sta
8、rved because_. （ A） they depended on the potato （ B） they were forced to move to America （ C） the weather conditions in Ireland were not fit for growing the potato （ D） the potato harvest was bad 4 Coffee originally came from_. （ A） Brazil （ B） Colombia （ C） Ethiopia （ D） Arabia 5 The writer used an
9、 Arabic story to prove that _. （ A） coffee was first discovered by Kaldi （ B） coffee was first discovered by Kaldis goats （ C） coffee was first discovered in South American countries （ D） coffee drinks were first made by Arabs 5 The multi-billion-dollar Western pop music industry is under fire. It i
10、s being blamed by the United Nations for the dramatic rise in drug abuse worldwide, “The most worrying development is a culture of drug-friendliness,“ says the UNs International Narcotics Control Board in a report released last year. The 74-page study says the pop music, as a global industry, is by
11、far the most influential trend-setter for young people of most cultures. “Some songs encourage people to take drugs. Certain pop stars make statements and set examples as if the use of drugs for non-medicinal purposes were a normal and acceptable part of a persons lifestyle,“ the study says. Surpris
12、ingly, says the Board, the effect of drug-friendly pop music seems to survive despite the occasional shock of death by overdose (过量用药 ). “Such incidents end to be seen as an occasion to mourn (哀悼 ) the loss of a role model, and not an opportunity to face the deadly effect of drug use,“ it notes. Sin
13、ce the 1970s* several internationally famous singer and movie stars including Elvis Presley, Janice Jophlin, John Belushi, Jimi Hendrix, Jonathan Melvin and Andy Gibbs have died of either drug abuse or drug related illnesses. With the globalization of popular music, messages promoting drug abuse are
14、 now reaching beyond their countries of origin. “In most countries, the names of certain pop stars have become familiar to the members of every household,“ the study says. The UN study also blames the media for its description of certain drug incidents, which encourages rather than prevents drug abu
15、se. “Over the past years, we have seen how drug abuse is increasingly regarded as being acceptable or even attractive,“ says Hamid Ghodse, president of the Board. “Powerful pressure groups run political campaigns aimed at legalizing controlled drugs,“ he says. Ghodse also points out that all these d
16、evelopments have created an environment which is tolerant (容忍的 ) of or even favorable to drug abuse and spoils international drug prevention efforts currently under way. The study focuses on demand reduction and prevention within an environment that has become tolerant of drug abuse. The Board calls
17、 on governments to do their legal and moral duties, and to act against the pro-drug (赞成吸毒 ) messages of the youth culture to which young people increasingly are being exposed. 6 Which of the following statements does the author tend to agree with? （ A） The use of drugs for non-medicinal purposes is
18、an acceptable part of a persons lifestyle. （ B） The spreading of pop music may cause drug abuse to beyond country boundaries. （ C） No efforts have been made to prevent the spreading of drug abuse. （ D） Governments have no ability to act against the pro-drug messages of the youth culture. 7 The expre
19、ssion “under fire“ in the first paragraph means_. （ A） in an urgent situation （ B） facing some problems （ C） being criticized （ D） in trouble 8 From the third paragraph, we learn that, the youth_ （ A） tend to. mourn the pop stars who died of overdose as role models （ B） are shocked to know even pop
20、stars may abuse drugs （ C） try to face the deadly effect of drug use （ D） may stop abusing drugs 9 Which of the following is not mentioned as tolerant of drug abuse? （ A） The spreading of pop music. （ B） The media. （ C） Political campaigns run by powerful pressure groups. （ D） The low price of some
21、drugs. 10 According to the passage, pop music （ A） has a great influence on young people of most cultures （ B） attracts a small number of young people （ C） is not a profitable industry （ D） is alone responsible for drug abuse 10 Many private institutions of higher education around the country are in
22、 danger. Not all will be saved, and perhaps not all deserve to be saved. There are low-quality schools just as there are low-quality businesses. We have no obligation to save them simply because they exist. But many thriving institutions that deserve to continue are threatened. They are doing a fine
23、 job educationally, but they are caught in a financial difficulty, with no way to reduce rising costs or increase revenues (收入 ) significantly. Raising fees doesnt bring in more revenue, for each time fees go up, the enrollment (注册人数 ) goes down, or the amount that must be given away in student aid
24、goes up. Schools are bad businesses, whether public or private, not usually because of bad management but because of the nature of the business. They lose money on every customer, and they can go bankrupt either from too few students or too many students. Even a very good college is a very bad busin
25、ess. It is such colleges, thriving but threatened, that I worry about. Low enrollment is not their chief problem. Even with full enrollments, they may go under. Efforts to save them, and preferably to keep them private, are a national necessity. There is no basis for arguing that private schools are
26、 bound to be better than public schools. There are plentiful examples to the contrary. Anyone can name state universities and colleges that rank as the finest in the nation and the world. It is now inevitable that public institutions will be dominant, and therefore diversity (多样性 ) is a national nec
27、essity. Diversity in the way we support schools tends to give us a healthy diversity in the forms of education. In an imperfect society such as ours, uniformity of education throughout the nation could be dangerous. In an imperfect society, diversity is a positive good. Eager supporters of public hi
28、gher education know the importance of keeping private higher education healthy. 11 In the passage, the author asks the public to support _. （ A） private higher education in general （ B） public higher education in general （ C） high-quality private universities and colleges （ D） high-quality state uni
29、versities and colleges 12 According to the passage, schools are bad businesses because of _ . （ A） the nature of school （ B） poor teachers （ C） bad management （ D） too few students 13 The phrase “go under“ in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to_. （ A） have low fees （ B） get into difficulti
30、es （ C） do a bad job educationally （ D） have low teaching standards 14 Which of the following statements is TRUE? （ A） There are many cases indicating that private schools are superior to public schools. （ B） The author thinks diversity of education is preferable to uniformity of education. （ C） A h
31、igh-quality university is always a good business. （ D） Each time fees are raised, the enrollment goes up. 15 In the authors opinion, the way that can save private schools lies in_. （ A） full enrollment （ B） raising fees （ C） reducing student aid （ D） national support 15 Scientists in India have inve
32、nted a new way to produce electricity. Their invention does not get its power from oil, coal or other fuels. It produces electricity with the power of animals. India has about eighty million bullocks (小牛 ). They do all kinds of jobs. They work in the fields. They pull vehicles through the streets. T
33、hey carry water containers. Indian energy officials have been seeking ways to use less imported oil to provide energy. Scientists at the National Institute for Industrial Engineering in Bombay (孟买 ) wondered whether the millions of bullocks could help. Many villages in India lack electricity, but th
34、ey have many bullocks. And often the animals are not working. One job done by bullocks is to pump water out of the well. The animals do this by walking around and around in a circle. As they walk, they turn a heavy stick that makes the pump move. This simple technology is centuries old. Scientists t
35、hought that the same technology could be used to produce electricity. Bullocks walk in a circle only two or three times a minute. This is much too slow to produce electricity, but it can create enough power to turn a series of gears (齿轮 ). A large gear sits next to a smaller gear. As the large gear
36、turns, it causes the smaller gear to turn. That gear turns an even smaller one. Each gear moves faster because it is a little smaller. The smallest gear may turn extremely fast. Clocks operate with gears. So do cars and so does the device invented by the Indian scientists to produce electricity. Acc
37、ording to the officials in the United Nations, the idea is being tested at several places in India. The device is easy to operate and repair. And it can be moved easily. It costs about three hundred and seven dollars now to make such a device, but production of large numbers of them could cut the co
38、st of each to about two hundred dollars. 16 Who first thought of using bullocks to provide energy? （ A） Indian energy officials. （ B） Scientists in India. （ C） Officials in the United Nations. （ D） Researchers in Europe. 17 Which kind of job that the bullocks do is NOT mentioned in the passage? （ A）
39、 Pulling vehicles. （ B） Plowing fields. （ C） Pumping water out of wells. （ D） Carrying food baskets. 18 Why are bullocks used to provide energy in India? （ A） Because bullocks have long been used by Indian people. （ B） Because bullocks walk slowly and are easy to control. （ C） Because there are few
40、non-working bullocks in India. （ D） Because there is not enough oil in India. 19 In the sentence “This simple technology is centuries old“ in Paragraph One, “This simple technology“ refers to_. （ A） using bullocks to produce energy （ B） using pumps to draw water out （ C） having bullocks walk around
41、to make the pump move （ D） connecting gears of different sizes to produce electricity 20 Which of the following is true about the device mentioned in the passage? （ A） It has a large gear and a smaller gear. （ B） Its easy to use, but difficult to move. （ C） Its quite cheap. （ D） Its still being test
42、ed. 阅读理解（语义理解题）强化练习试卷 3答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the c
43、orresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 【知识模块】 语义理解题 1 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 文章开头便指出在过去的 500年，关于人类的一切东西都 在不断变化，而 food (食物 )是变化最为显著的。 B、 C、 D三项都属于食物。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 In London， shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places Som
44、e still exist today第二句 some指的是第一句的主语，所以应选 C。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 文中第二段指出，土 豆是爱尔兰人的主要食物。 Thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the“Potato Famine”of 1845 1846爱尔兰人的饥荒是因为他们赖以生存的食物 土豆的歉收。 A项是事实，但不是原因。 B项是结果。 C项文中没有提到。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 4 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 文章的第三段有明确的一句： But it
45、is native to Ethiopia be native to是 “起 源于，原产于 ”的意思。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 5 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 文章的第三段说咖啡虽然广泛种植于南美国家，但它其实起源于埃塞俄比亚，并首先被阿拉伯人制成饮料。为了证明这一点，下一段给出了一个阿拉伯小故事，阿拉伯人卡尔蒂首先发现并品尝了咖啡。这一段的作用是为了证明上一段的结论。所以选 D。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 【知识模块】 语义理解题 6 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 细节题。根据原文第二段内容可知，流行音乐在年轻人当中影响巨大，而一些流行歌曲 鼓励人们吸毒。因此可知选择 B。 【知识模
46、块】 语义理解题 7 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 词汇解释题。文章主要论述现代社会的吸毒现象与日俱增的原因，而首先提到的就是 “流行音乐的影响 ”。所以根据文章上下文，可知流行音乐正在受到大众的批评。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 8 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 细节题。根据文章第三段 Such incidents end to be seen as an occasion to mourn (哀悼 )the loss of a role model， and not an opportunity to face the deadly effect of drug use，可排除 B、 C
47、、 D选项。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 9 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 细节题。根据文章第四段， A、 B、 C均提到过。所以选择 D。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 10 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 细节题。 B与文中意思相反。 C、 D未提到。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 【知识模块】 语义理解题 11 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对文章大意的把握。根据第二段 “Efforts to save them， and preferably to keep them private， are a national necessity ”可知作者提倡公众支持高质量的私立院校，因而
48、选 C项 .由第一段的 “Not all will be saved，and perhaps not all deserve to be saved ”可看出作者认为不是所有私立院校都应该得到拯救，因此不能选 A项。 B、 D两项都说的是公立院校，与题意不符 ，故不选。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 12 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 根据第一段的 “Schools are bad businesses， whether public or private， not usually because of bad management but because of the nature of th
49、e business ”可知应该选 A，即学校糟糕的情况是由于其行业性质使然。 B项说匮乏的师资， C项说管理不善， D项说学生人数过少，都不符合题意。 【知识模块 】 语义理解题 13 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对短语在上下文中的具体语意的理解。联系前文“Low enrollment is not their chief problem Even with full enrollments， they may go under ”可知这段话在说那些濒危的私立高等院校的问题并不在于入学率低，即使达到百分之百的入学率，它也会面临问题。因此应该选 B。其他三项都不符合题意。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 14 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析 】 本题考查考生对文章细节的把握和上下文词义的理解。根据第二段“In an imperfect society such as ours， uniformity of education throughout the nation could be dangerous In an imperfect society， diversity is a positi
