1、高级口译（笔试）模拟试卷 5及答案与解析 Part A Spot Dictation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Rem
2、ember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. 0 The typical job in the new millennium is best viewed as【 C1】 _. If you work for someone else, then how long your job lasts is up to the people you work for, and not just you. Your job can【 C2】 _, so you must be prepared to【 C3】 _at the drop of a hat. No o
3、ne【 C4】 _. You have to go out and hunt for it. And to be successful you have to be willing to change tactics. If you try something and it doesnt【 C5】 _, move on to another strategy. Employment expert Carol Christen【 C6】 _as “when something doesnt work, you respond by doing more of it.“ The cure for
4、this kind of insanity is obvious: if you answer ads in the newspapers, if you【 C7】 _and send your resume everywhere, and nothing works, dont just do more of it.【 C8】 _. Here are some effective strategies for finding a job. First, talk to successful job-hunters. Identify【 C9】 _who have found a job th
5、ey love. After all, if you want to improve your tennis game, you train with good tennis players. Its the same with job-hunting. Second, persistence is the name of the game. You must be【 C10】 _for your job hunt to last longer than you think.【 C11】 _two weeks, or even two months.【 C12】 _say that typic
6、ally, the higher the salary you are seeking, the longer the job search can take. Third, go after the job you really want the most. Forget “whats available out there.“ The most【 C13】 _is not found on the Internet or at the library. Its found by talking to people who are actually【 C14】 _and doing the
7、work youre interested in. The name for this process is“【 C15】 _.“ Fourth, find a support group. Encouragement from others keeps you going. Join【 C16】 _in your town or city. If there is no group,【 C17】 _of a relative or friend to be a loving “taskmaker“. This is someone you【 C18】 _who will check up o
8、n what youre doingand be【 C19】 _if youve done nothing since you last met. You want【 C20】 _. 1 【 C1】 2 【 C2】 3 【 C3】 4 【 C4】 5 【 C5】 6 【 C6】 7 【 C7】 8 【 C8】 9 【 C9】 10 【 C10】 11 【 C11】 12 【 C12】 13 【 C13】 14 【 C14】 15 【 C15】 16 【 C16】 17 【 C17】 18 【 C18】 19 【 C19】 20 【 C20】 Part B Listening Comprehen
9、sion Directions: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write th
10、e letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. （ A） An AIDS patient. （ B） A nurse assistant. （ C） A nurse advisor. （ D） A physician on AIDS ward. （ A） He is worried about failing his supervisor and losing his job. （ B） He is worried about being infected wit
11、h HIV. （ C） He is worried about knowing someone infected with HIV. （ D） He is worried about hurting AIDS patients feelings. （ A） Its important not to isolate AIDS patients. （ B） Its important to completely isolate AIDS patients. （ C） Its important to carefully watch AIDS patients. （ D） Its important
12、 to wear protective clothing when serving lunch. （ A） Through breathing the air next to an AIDS patient. （ B） Through sharing a glass of water with an AIDS patient. （ C） Through sharing bodily fluids with an AIDS patient. （ D） Though giving blood to an AIDS patient. （ A） They get cured sometimes. （
13、B） They become very sad. （ C） Sometimes they can return to their normal life. （ D） All of them can live for a long time after treatment. （ A） Smoking cigarette causes breast cancer among women. （ B） Alcoholic consumption may lead to more cases of breast cancer among women. （ C） 150,000 women suffer
14、the disease of breast cancer in Britain. （ D） Alcoholic consumption causes more than 15 types of diseases. （ A） It blew up on its way from France to the reprocessing plant in Germany. （ B） It was found to be highly radioactive and dangerous to the environment. （ C） Its entrance into France was block
15、ed by some protesters. （ D） It ran down and killed the two protesters who attempted to stop the train. （ A） Their asset value depreciated by a quarter. （ B） They think Prime Minister Koizumi should do a better job in economy. （ C） They believe the Japanese economy is very stable and healthy. （ D） Th
16、ey lose some confidence and believe its credit rating should be downgraded. （ A） Its larger than Time Warner, as measured by its value of shares. （ B） It received some financial support from benefactor at the very beginning. （ C） Investors are confident that it is much more valuable than Time Warner
17、. （ D） It has been growing at an amazing speed for quite a long time. （ A） The Dutch people will delay their referendum on the EU constitution. （ B） The Dutch government believes that it is not wise to follow the French government in vetoing the EU constitution. （ C） The Dutch people will vote again
18、st the EU constitution in the referendum. （ D） It will serve as the political basis to unite the European continent. （ A） Because even when people hear the word “dog“, they may have different associations. （ B） Because we may communicate with each other through language, but sometimes we do not unde
19、rstand someone else s words and symbols. （ C） Because words and concepts have personal meanings based on each users memories and experiences. （ D） Because while languages help people understand each other, different languages also present difficulties. （ A） The student has a violent dog named Steve
20、King. （ B） There are 5 million different public languages in the world. （ C） Every person may have his/her own private language. （ D） A red rose reminds everybody of romance or a lovely summer. （ A） People learn language only by imitation and association. （ B） Language is a wonderful way of communic
21、ating our ideas to other people. （ C） Children learn words by themselves, but learn how to make requests, to agree or disagree, even to lie from others. （ D） Children are natural born learners of languages. （ A） bite. （ B） collage. （ C） deja-vu. （ D） croissant. （ A） The learning of another language
22、can somehow change our views and even personalities. （ B） English sometimes borrows words from other languages to express or thought or name a thing in a better way. （ C） The language we speak since our childhood determines the way we see the world. （ D） A language without words for anger, fear, or
23、jealousy does not exist. （ A） The report, as is mentioned in the talk, is the 10th in a series. （ B） The report is published jointly by the United Nations, the World Bank, the World Resources Institute and a private environmental research group. （ C） Nine countries, including Thailand and the United
24、 States, are studied by the report. （ D） The report urges changes in decision making for care of worlds natural resources. （ A） It means governmental organizations and private research groups should work together to carry out environmental research. （ B） It means countries all over the world should
25、have strong laws providing citizens access to environmental information. （ C） It means rich and poor communities should have equal say on environmental issues. （ D） It means citizens, governments and businesses should be equally aware of what needs to be done. （ A） Non-governmental organizations can
26、 communicate very rapidly about environmental problems. （ B） Non-governmental organizations are capable of expressing views in environmental issues in a significant way. （ C） The process by which environmental problems are identified and addressed is changed. （ D） Non-governmental organizations get
27、more opportunity to obtain environmental information. （ A） They are particularly vulnerable. （ B） They are less likely to have control over resources on which they depend. （ C） They are more willing to engage their governments on decisions that bear directly on environmental protection. （ D） They ar
28、e more likely to resolve environmental problems and social justice. （ A） To raise more fund for the poor communities which need assistance on environmental issues. （ B） To stem the terrible tide of global poverty and environmental degradation. （ C） To improve citizen access to environmental informat
29、ion, decision-making and environmental justice. （ D） To study the degrading environmental situations all over the world. 一、 SECTION 2 READING TEST Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, A, B,
30、C or D, to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write tile letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. 40 In developing a model of cognition, we must recognize that per
31、ception of the external world does not always remain independent of motivation. While progress toward maturity is positively correlated with differentiation between motivation and cognition, tension will, even in the mature adult, militate towards a narrowing of the range of perception. Cognition ca
32、n be seen as the first step in the sequence events leading from the external stimulus to the behavior of the individual. The child develops from belief that all things are an extension of its own body to the recognition that objects exist independent of his perception. He begins to demonstrate aware
33、ness of people and things which are removed from his sensory apparatus and initiates goal-directed behaviors. He may, however, refuse to recognize the existence of barriers to the attainment of his goal, despite the fact that his cognition of these objects has been previously demonstrated. In the pr
34、imitive beings, goal-directed behavior can be very simple motivated. The presence of an attractive object will cause an infant to reach for it; its removal will result in the cessation of that action. Studies have shown no evidence of the infants frustration; rather, it appears that the infant cease
35、s to desire the object when he cannot see it. Further indications are that the infants attention to the attractive object increase as a result of its not being in his grasp. In fact, if he holds a toy and another is presented, he is likely to drop the first in order to clutch the second. Often, once
36、 he has the one desired in his hands, he loses attention and turns to something else. In adult life, mere cognition can be similarly motivational, although the visible presence of the opportunity is not required as the instigator of response. The mature adult modifies his reaction by obtaining infor
37、mation, interpreting it, and examining consequences. He formulates a hypothesis and attempts to test it. He searches out implicit relationships, examines all factors, and differentiates among them. Just as the trained artist can separate the value of color, composition, and technique, while taking i
38、n and evaluating the whole work, so, too, the mature person brings his cognitive learning strengths to bear in appraising a situation. Understanding that cognition is separate from action, his reactions are only minimally guided from conditioning, and take into consideration anticipatable events. Th
39、e impact of the socialization process, particularly that of parental and social group ideology, may reduce cognitively directed behavior. The tension thus produced, as for instance the stress of fear, anger, or extreme emotion, will often be the overriding influence. The evolutionary process of deve
40、lopment from body schema through cognitive learning is similarly manifested in the process of language acquisition. Auditing develops first, reading and writing much later on. Not only is this evident in the development of the individual being from infancy on, but also in the development of language
41、 for humankind. Every normal infant has the physiological equipment necessary to produce sound, but the child must first master their use for sucking, biting, and chewing before he can control his equipment for use in producing the sounds of language. The babble and chatter of the infant are precurs
42、ors to intelligible vocal communication. From the earlier times, it is clear that language and human thought have been intimately connected. Sending or receiving messages, from primitive warnings of danger to explaining creative or reflective thinking, this aspect of cognitive development is also fi
43、rmly linked to the needs and aspirations of society. 41 How does the child develop his perception? （ A） Strong motivations give rise to perception. （ B） He holds the conviction that things around him are parts of extended body and later on gives it up. （ C） Parents and teachers play a key role in hi
44、s development of cognition. （ D） He believes that objects around him are independent of his perception. 42 According to the passage, the infant may be most interested in _ . （ A） playing with others （ B） chattering （ C） things out of his grasp （ D） laughing 43 What stimulates adults motivational cog
45、nition? （ A） Predictable presence of opportunities. （ B） Visible signs of opportunities. （ C） Instigators. （ D） Approachable information. 44 Which of the following is NOT the influence of socialization process? （ A） Produce tension. （ B） Produce extreme emotion. （ C） Reduce ones cognitively guided b
46、ehaviors. （ D） Create social group ideology. 45 What links cognitive development to the needs of society? （ A） Practical purpose. （ B） Natural human cognitive development. （ C） Language. （ D） Warning of danger. 45 Harry Truman didnt think his successor had the right training to be president. “Poor I
47、keit wont be a bit like the Army,“ he said. “Hell sit there all day saying” do this, do that, and nothing will happen.“ Truman was wrong about Ike. Dwight Eisenhower had led a fractious allianceyou didnt tell Winston Churchill what to doin a massive, chaotic war. He was used to politics. But Trumans
48、 insight could well be applied to another, even more venerated Washington figure: the CEO-turned cabinet secretary. A 20-year bull market has convinced us all that CEOs are geniuses, so watch with astonishment the troubles of Donald Rumsfeld and Paul ONeill. Here are two highly regarded businessmen,
49、 obviously intelligent and well-informed, foundering in their jobs. Actually, we shouldnt be surprised. Rumsfeld and ONeill are not doing badly despite having been successful CEOs but because of it. The record of senior businessmen in government is one of almost unrelieved disappointment. In fact, with the exception of Robert Rubin, it is difficult to think of a CEO who had a successful career in government. Why is this? Well, first the CEO has to re
