1、2007年浙江大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案与解析 一、名词解释 1 The Red Badge of Courage 2 The Rivals 3 The Wings of the Dove 4 The Dynasts 5 OPioneers! 6 Tamburlaine 7 Dry September 8 A Psalm of Life 9 The Faerie Queene 10 Dangling Man 二、评论题 11 Speak what you think now in hard words and tomorrow speak what tomorrow thinks
2、in hard words again, though it contradicts everything you said today. “All, so you shall be sure to be misunderstood.“ Is it so bad then to be misunderstood? Pythagoras was misunderstood, and Socrates, and Jesus, and Luther, and Copernicus, and Galileo, and Newton, and every pure and wise spirit tha
3、t ever took flesh. To be great is to be misunderstood. 12 Is not a patron, my Lord, one who looks with unconcern on a man struggling for life in the water, and when he has reached ground, encumbers him with help? The notice which you have been pleased to take of my labors, had it been early, had bee
4、n kind; but it has been delayed till I am indifferent, and cannot enjoy it; till I am solitary, and cannot impart it; till I am known, and do not want it. I hope it is no very cynical asperity not to confess obligation where no benefit has been received, or to be unwilling that the public should con
5、sider me as owing that to a patron which Providence has enabled me to do for myself. 13 Oh Carrie, Carrie! Oh, blind strivings of the human heart! Onward, onward, it saith, and where beauty leads, there it follows. Whether it be the tinkle of a lone sheep bell oer some quiet landscape, or the glimme
6、r of beauty in sylvan places, or the show of soul in some passing eye, the heart knows and makes answer, following. It is when the feet weary and hope seems vain that the heartaches and the longings arise. Know, then, that for you is neither surfeit nor content. In your rocking-chair, by your widow
7、dreaming, shall you long, along. In your rocking-chair, by your window, shall you dream such happiness as you may never feel. 三、分析题 14 Analyze the theme of the following poem. (Use at least three of the following elements develop and reinforce your analysis: diction, tone, image, figures of speech,
8、symbols, irony, syntax, rhythm, rhyme) (15 points) Composed upon Westminster Bridge, September 3,1802 William Wordsworth Earth has not anything more to show more fair; Dull would he be of soul who could pass by A sight so touching in its majesty; This City now doth, like a garment, wear The beauty o
9、f the morning; silent, bare, Ships, towers, domes, theatres, and temples lie Open unto the fields, and to the sky; All bright and glittering in the smokeless air. Never did the sun more beautifully steep In his first splendor, valley, rock, or hill; Neer saw I, never felt, a calm so deep! The river
10、glideth at his own sweet will; Dear God! The very houses seem asleep; And all that mighty heart is lying still! 15 Choose one of the following authors and make a comment on any one of his/her literary works. (20 points) George Bernard Shaw Ralph Waldo Emerson Ezra Pound Doris Lessing 2007年浙江大学英语专业（英
11、美文学）真题试卷答案与解析 一、名词解释 1 【正确答案】 It is a novel written by Stephen Crane. 2 【正确答案】 It is a play (a comedy of manners) written by Richard Brinsley Sheridan. 3 【正确答案】 It is a novel written by Henry James. 4 【正确答案】 It is a novel written by Thomas Hardy. 5 【正确答案】 It is a novel written by Willa Cather. 6 【正确
12、答案】 It is a play written by Christopher Marlowe. 7 【正确答案】 It is a short novel written by William Faulkner. 8 【正确答案】 It is a poem written by Longfellow. 9 【正确答案】 It is an epic poem written by Edmund Spenser. 10 【正确答案】 It is a novel written by Saul Bellow. 二、评论题 11 【正确答案】 The quotation is excerpted fr
13、om Self-reliance written by American philosopher and essayist, Ralph Waldo Emerson. In the given quotation, he expresses his transcendentalist understanding of the idea of being a genius “To be great is to be misunderstood“. In this way, Emerson encourages people to respect the individual originalit
14、y and put forward their own new and great ideas. Their opinions may not be accepted in the day, but will survive the test of time, just like those great philosophers. 【试题解析】 本篇节选自爱默生的论自立 (Self-reliance)。本文反映了爱默生的超验主义观点之一 ,考生复习时应对这一类的概念有充分的认识和准备。 12 【正确答案】 The passage is excerpted from Samuel Johnson
15、s To the Right Honorable the Earl of Chesterfield. With this letter, he responded to those who took Earl of Chesterfield for the one who gave bounties of financial support in the completion of Johnsons masterpiece A Dictionary of English Language. Johnson first defined a patron as one who gives help
16、 to the man who “is struggling for life in the water“. Then he employed parallel structure and subjunctive mood to show how he was longing for help during his composition and how indifferent Chesterfield was ever to him. The obvious irony proposed further criticizes Lord Chesterfield for only provid
17、ing help when it was not least needed. 【试题解析】 本篇节选自塞缪尔 约翰逊的致切斯特菲尔德伯爵书 (To the Right Honorablethe Earl of Chesterfield)。约翰逊生活拮据，在编写字典时曾想把这本书献给切斯特菲尔德伯爵 (Earl of Chesterfield)，从而得到伯爵一些帮助，哪知伯爵对此事不理不睬。当 1754年字典写成时，伯爵在世界日报上对这本字典大加赞美。可是伯爵圆滑的策略却没有收到预期的效果，约翰逊博士写下了这篇文章作为回应。 13 【正确答案】 The given excerpt is extr
18、acted from Theodore Dreisers Sister Carrie. It is a narrative intervention proclaiming the disillusion of American Dream, as Carrie finds no fulfillment in her economic success and wealth. Another major symbol in the book the rocking chair also appears twice in the excerpt. A rocking chair requires
19、effort to create movements, but this movement never gets the rocker anywhere, which best embodies Dreisers determinist belief that men are not free agents but driven by “chemisms“ and that despite a hard attempt, their efforts get them nowhere. 【试题解析】 本篇选自嘉莉妹妹 (Sister Carrie)全文的最后一段。作为自然主义的经典作品，小说的最
20、后一段不但反映了嘉莉与德莱塞的迷茫，也暗示了美国梦的破灭。考生需要注意文中摇椅的象征。 三、分析题 14 【正确答案】 In Composed Upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802, by William Wordsworth, the speaker, again, his sister, reflects upon a beautiful view of the city by using such literary devices as rhyme, personification, hyperbole, and imagery. The
21、speaker manages to create a vision in the readers mind that is so vivid, that one can picture oneself on that very bridge. This poem is another example of Wordsworths desire to create poetry using nature as inspiration. Earth is personified in the first line as a being that has possessions that he c
22、an show off, for example, its cities. The city is then personified in line four, as a person wearing a fine robe. The sixth line, contains the breathtaking imagery of a primitive skyline in a clear, morning sky. The imagery in line eight, All bright and glittering in the smokeless air, calls to mind
23、 the image of endless clearness, endless purity. Though a lot of metaphors and personifications are employed, the poem still characterizes itself with simple languages in the construction and a deep thought in the content. In the whole, the poem follows the Italian style, rhymed ABBAABBA, CDCDCD. Th
24、e first eight lines (octave) describes early London in detail, while the last six lines (sestet) goes to express Wordsworths deep love in nature, that in his eyes, the sleeping city is taken to be part of nature. 【试题解析】 本首诗歌取自威斯寺桥上的随想 (Composed upon Westminster Bridge)，写于 1802年 9月 3日。作为华兹华斯的代表作之一，此诗
25、反映了华兹华斯的创作风格，并且作为一首十四行诗，它又符合彼特拉克体 (意大利体 )的特点。 15 【正确答案】 George Bernard Shaw Pygmalion: A Romance in Five Acts (1913) is a play by George Bernard Shaw. It tells the story of Henry Higgins, a professor of phonetics who makes a bet with his friend Colonel Pickering that he can successfully pass off a C
26、ockney flower girl, Eliza Doolittle, as a refined society lady by teaching her how to speak with an upper class accent and training her in etiquette. In the process, Higgins and Eliza grow close, but she ultimately rejects his domineering ways and declares she will marry Freddy Eynsford-Hill a young
27、, poor, gentleman. Pygmalion reveals various themes popular in Victorian era, ranging from social class, language, to relations between both sexes. The social hierarchy is an unavoidable reality in Britain, and it is interesting to watch it play out in the work of a socialist playwright. Shaw includ
28、es members of all social classes from the lowest (Liza) to the servant class (Mrs. Pearce) to the middle class (Doolittle after his inheritance) to the genteel poor (the Eynsford Hills) to the upper class (Pickering and the Higginses). The general sense is that class structures are rigid and should
29、not be tampered with, so the example of Lizas class mobility is most shocking. The issue of language is tied up in class quite closely; the fact that Higgins is able to identify where people were born by their accents is telling. British class and identity are very much tied up in their land and the
30、ir birthplace, so it becomes hard to be socially mobile if your accent marks you as coming from a certain location. In this play and in British society at large, language is closely tied with class. From a persons accent, one can determine where the person comes from and usually what the persons soc
31、ioeconomic background is. Because accents are not very malleable, poor people are marked as poor for life. Higginss teachings are somewhat radical in that they disrupt this social marker, allowing for greater social mobility. The play also probes into womens role in a Victorian family. Shaw makes a
32、point of highlighting gender loyalties in this play. Although Mrs. Higgins initially is horrified by the idea that her son might bring a flower-girl into her home, she quickly grows sympathetic to Liza. As a woman, she is the first to express a concern for what will be done with the girl after the e
33、xperiment the idea that her training makes her highly unmarriageable by anyone anywhere on the social scale. When Liza runs away from Wimpole St., she instinctively knows that Mrs. Higgins will take good care of her. Higginss mother sides with Liza before even her son, not revealing that Liza is in
34、the house while Higgins is dialing the police. In contrast, relations between people of opposite genders are generally portrayed by Shaw as antagonistic. Higgins and his mother have a troubled relationship, as do the professor and Mrs. Pearce. Freddy and Liza get along better perhaps only due to his
35、 more passive, feminine demeanor. Ezra Pound In a Station of the Metro was first published in 1913 and is considered one of the leading poems of the Imagist tradition. Written in a Japanese haiku style, Pounds process of deletion from thirty lines to only fourteen words typifies Imagisms focus on ec
36、onomy of language, precision of imagery and experimenting with non-traditional verse forms. The poem is Pounds written equivalent for the moment of revelation and intense emotion he felt at the Metro at La Concorde, Paris. Pound explains in his artic value. The poem is essentially a set of images th
37、at have unexpected likeness and convey the rare emotion that Pound was experiencing at that time. Arguably the heart of the poem is not the first line, nor the second, but the mental process that links the two together. “In a poem of this sort,“ as Pound explained, “one is trying to record the preci
38、se instant when a thing outward and objective transforms itself, or darts into a thing inward and subjective.“ This darting takes place between the first and second lines. The pivotal semi-colon has stirred debate as to whether the first line isdn fact subordinate to the second or both lines are of
39、equal, independent importance. Pound contrasts the factual, mundane image that he actually witnessed with a metaphor from nature and thus infuses this “apparition“ with visual beauty. There is a quick transition from the statement of the first line to the second lines vivid metaphor; this super-posi
40、tory technique exemplifies the Japanese haiku style. The word “apparition“ is considered crucial as it evokes a mystical and supernatural sense of imprecision which is then reinforced by the metaphor of the second line. The plosive word Petals conjures ideas of delicate, feminine beauty which contra
41、sts with the bleakness of the wet, black bough. What the poem signifies is questionable; many critics argue that it deliberately transcends traditional form and therefore its meaning is solely found in its technique as opposed to in its content. However when Pound had the inspiration to write this p
42、oem few of these considerations came into view. He simply wished to translate his perception of beauty in the midst of ugliness into a single, perfect image in written form. It is also worth noting that the number of words in the poem (fourteen) is the same as the number of lines in a sonnet. The wo
43、rds are distributed with eight in the first line and six in the second, mirroring the octet-sestet form of the Italian (or Petrarchan) sonnet. Ralph Waldo Emerson Doris Lessing “A Woman on a Roof relies on a minimalist plot. “It was during the week of hot sun, that June,“ Lessing begins, and tells a
44、 story of three London workmen Harry, Stanley and To who are replacing gutters on a roof, one with “a fine view across several acres of roof.“ When they spot an attractive woman sun-bathing who “wore a red scarf tied around her breasts and brief red bikini pants,“ they are annoyed and yet excited. S
45、tanley, recently married, and Tom, seventeen, keep walking over to stare at her, to the dismay of Harry, who is older and responsible for the crew completing the gutter job. The next morning when they return she is “already there, face down, arms spread out, naked except for the little red pants“ an
46、d when Stanley whistles, she picks up her head, looks straight at him, and drops her head. This is enough to spark their hostility. Lessing has set her scene carefully: the men are both attracted and repelled by the woman and, in turn, they are angered by the womans indifference. But she is the inno
47、cent. She wants to sun bathe in peace, to be left alone, and she has done nothing provocative.except for who she is and what she looks like. The men are stung at being dismissed by a desirable young woman her indifference hits at their male pride, leaving them feeling powerless. As this is England,
48、there is also the class question: is she ignoring them because they are working men? Does her indifference suggest that they are so far below her on the social ladder that they no longer count as male in her eyes? The roofers in “A Woman on a Roof wont leave the situation alone: they have been dimin
49、ished and they resent it. Later, Stanley and Tom scramble across several rooftops so they can move closer to the woman. They find her reading a book and smoking and, once again, feel compelled to bother her. The harassment continues over the next few days (even when she has moved her sunning spot to avoid them) until Harry “to save some sort of scandal or real trouble over the woman“ pulls the crew off the roof. Tom, who has been fantasizing about the woman, convinced that he has acted to protect her from Stanley, sneaks over to see her, and i
