1、Designation: C 700 07aStandard Specification forVitrified Clay Pipe, Extra Strength, Standard Strength, andPerforated1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 700; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the ye
2、ar of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes
3、 the criteria for acceptance,prior to installation, of extra strength and standard strengthvitrified clay pipe and fittings to be used for the conveyance ofsewage, industrial wastes, and storm water; and extra strengthperforated and standard strength perforated vitrified clay pipeto be used for unde
4、rdrainage, filter fields, leaching fields, andsimilar subdrainage installations.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.NOTE 1Attention is called to Specification C 425, Test Method C 828,Test Method C 1091,
5、 Test Methods C 301, and Terminology C 896.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to theTest Method portion, 5.2-5.2.3.2 of this standard: This standarddoes not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisst
6、andard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 301 Test Methods for Vitrified Clay PipeC 425 Specification for Compression Joints for VitrifiedClay Pipe and FittingsC 828 Te
7、st Method for Low-Pressure Air Test of VitrifiedClay Pipe LinesC 896 Terminology Relating to Clay ProductsC 1091 Test Method for Hydrostatic Infiltration Testing ofVitrified Clay Pipe Lines3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsClay, fire clay, shale, and surface clay areas defined in Terminology C 896.4. Mat
8、erials and Manufacture4.1 Vitrified clay pipe shall be manufactured from fire clay,shale, surface clay, or a combination of these materials that,when formed into pipe and fired to suitable temperatures,yields a product that conforms to this specification.5. Physical Properties5.1 Bearing Strength:5.
9、1.1 Pipe shall meet the bearing strength requirements ofTable 1.5.1.2 The number of specimens to be tested shall not exceed0.5 % of the number of pipe of each size furnished, except thatno less than two specimens shall be tested.5.1.3 If any of the test specimens fail to meet the require-ments, the
10、manufacturer will be allowed a retest on twoadditional specimens for each one that failed. The pipe will beacceptable if all the retest specimens meet the test requirement.5.1.4 If, subsequent to an initial pipe strength failure, theaccuracy of the testing equipment is questioned, at the requestof t
11、he manufacturer, the equipment shall be recalibrated and aretest made or a retest made upon equipment of knownaccuracy.5.2 Hydrostatic Pressure Test or Absorption Test:5.2.1 The manufacturer shall at his option, apply either ahydrostatic pressure test or an absorption test to all of the testspecimen
12、s in each size and run of the pipe.5.2.2 Hydrostatic Pressure Test:5.2.2.1 When the pipe is subjected to an internal hydrostaticpressure of 10 psi (68.9 KPa) for the elapsed time shown in thefollowing table, there shall be no leaking on the exterior of thepipe. Moisture appearing on the surface of t
13、he pipe in the formof beads adhering to the surface shall not be considered1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C04 onVitrified Clay Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C04.20 onMethods of Test and SpecificationsCurrent edition approved Dec. 1, 2007. Publ
14、ished December 2007. Originallyapproved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C 700 07.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Do
15、cument Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.leakage. However, moisture which starts to run on the pipeshall be construed as leakage regardless of quantity.Hydrostatic Pressure Test TimeThick
16、ness of Barrelin. (mm)Test Time (min.)Up to and including 1 (25) 7Over 1 (25) including 112 (38) 9Over 112 (38) including 2 (51) 12Over 2 (51) including 212(64)15Over 212 (64) including 3 (76) 18Over 3 (76) 215.2.2.2 If any of the test specimens fail to meet the Hydro-static Pressure Test requiremen
17、ts, a retest will be allowed andthe pipe accepted as provided in 5.1.3.5.2.3 Absorption Test:5.2.3.1 The absorption of vitrified clay pipe shall not exceed8%.5.2.3.2 If any of the test specimens fail to meet the absorp-tion requirements, a retest will be allowed and the pipeaccepted as provided in 5
18、.1.3.5.3 Acid Resistance:5.3.1 This test is used to determine the resistance of pipe tothe action of acids encountered in sanitary sewers. The testshall be performed only when specified.5.3.2 The pipe of each size and shipment shall be acceptableif the acid-soluble matter, from specimens representin
19、g suchpipe, does not exceed 0.25 %.5.3.3 If any of the tests specimens fail to meet the acidresistance requirements, a retest, representative of the originalTABLE 1 Minimum Strength (3-Edge Bearing)NominalSize, in.(mm)Extra StrengthVitrified Clay PipeStandard StrengthVitrified Clay PipePerforated Vi
20、trified Clay PipeExtra Strength Standard Strengthlbf/linearftkN/linearmlbf/linearftkN/linearmlbf/linearftkN/linearmlbf/linearftkN/linearm3 (76) 2000 29 . . . . . .4 (100) 2000 29 1200 18 1250 18 1000 156 (150) 2000 29 1200 18 1600 23 1000 158 (205) 2200 32 1400 20 1600 23 1000 1510 (255) 2400 35 160
21、0 23 1600 23 1100 1612 (305) 2600 38 1800 26 1800 26 1200 1815 (380) 2900 42 2000 29 2200 32 1400 2018 (455) 3300 48 2200 32 2640 39 1700 2521 (535) 3850 56 2400 35 3100 45 2000 2924 (610) 4400 64 2600 38 3520 51 2400 3527 (685) 4700 69 . . . . . .30 (760) 5000 73 . . . . . .33 (840) 5500 80 . . . .
22、 . .36 (915) 6000 88 . . . . . .39 (990) 6600 96 . . . . . .42 (1065) 7000 102 . . . . . .48 (1220) 8000 117 . . . . . .TABLE 2 Available Limits for Dimensional VariationNominal Size, in. (mm)ALaying Length Limit of MinusVariation, in./ft (mm/m)Difference in Length of TwoOpposite Sides Max, in. (mm)
23、Limit of Minus Variations fromNominal Size in Average InsideDiameter, in. (mm)3 (76)14 (21)516 (8)316 (5)4 (100)14 (21)516 (8)316 (5)6 (150)14 (21)38 (10)14 (6)8 (205)14 (21)716 (11)516 (8)10 (255)14 (21)716 (11)38 (10)12 (305)14 (21)716 (11)716 (11)15 (380)14 (21)12 (13)916 (14)18 (455)14 (21)12 (1
24、3)1116 (17)21 (535)38 (31)916 (14)1316 (21)24 (610)38 (31)916 (14)1516 (24)27 (685)38 (31)58 (16) 1116 (27)30 (760)38 (31)58 (16) 1316 (30)33 (840)38 (31)58 (16) 1516 (33)36 (915)38 (31)1116 (17) 1716 (37)39 (990)38 (31)34 (19) 1716 (37)42 (1065)38 (31)78 (22) 1716 (37)48 (1220)38 (31)78 (22) 1716 (
25、37)ASpecifiers should be aware that all pipe sizes are not universally available.C 700 07a2material lot, in that particular acid will be allowed and the pipeaccepted as provided in 5.1.3.6. Allowable Limits for Dimensional Variation6.1 Sizes and dimensions of pipe are as described in Table2.6.2 The
26、inside diameter shall not vary from a true circle bymore than 3 % of its nominal diameter.6.3 The average inside diameter shall be determined bytaking any two 90 (1.6-rad) opposing measurements andaveraging the readings.7. Straightness7.1 Pipe shall not deviate from straight by more than116in./ft (5
27、 mm/m) of length when the maximum offset ismeasured from the concave side of the pipe.7.2 Measurement shall be taken by placing a straightedge onthe concave side of the full length of the pipe barrel, excludingthe spigot joint material or socket, and measuring the maxi-mum distance between the strai
28、ghtedge and concave side of thepipe.8. Blisters8.1 Pipe of nominal sizes from 3 in. (76 mm) to 18 in. (455mm), shall have no blister with a dimension exceeding 3 in. (76mm), and no blister or pimple shall project more than18 in.(3.2 mm) above the surface of the pipe.8.2 Pipe of nominal sizes over 18
29、 in. (455 mm), shall haveno blister exceeding 2 in./ft (165 mm/m) of internal diameter,and no blister or pimple shall project above the surface of thepipe more than18 in./ft (10 mm/m) of internal diameter.8.3 Pipe shall have no broken blisters.9. Fractures and Cracks9.1 There shall be no fractures o
30、r cracks visible to theunaided eye passing through the barrel or socket, except that asingle crack at the spigot end of the pipe not exceeding 75 %of the depth of the socket, or a single fracture in the socket notexceeding 3 in. (76 mm) around the circumference nor 2 in. (51mm) lengthwise is permitt
31、ed.9.2 Chips or fractures on the interior of the pipe shall notexceed 2 in. (51 mm) in length, 1 in. (25 mm) in width, and adepth of one fourth of the thickness of the barrel.10. Finish of Ends10.1 The ends of pipe shall be square with their longitudinalaxes, within the tolerances provided in Table
32、2.11. Perforations11.1 Perforations shall be circular and cleanly cut,14 in. (6.4mm) in diameter, arranged 3 614 in. (76 6 6.4 mm) center tocenter in rows parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pipe.Rows shall be arranged in two equal groups on each side of thevertical center line of the pipe. The
33、 lowermost rows ofperforations shall be separated by an arc of 90 (1.6 rad)measured across the bottom of the pipe. The uppermost rows ofperforations shall be separated by an arc of 200 (3.5 rad),measured across the top of the pipe. Spacing of rows betweenthese limits shall be uniform. The total numb
34、er of rows ofperforations for 4, 6, and 8-in. (100, 150, and 205-mm) pipeshall be 4; for 10, 12, and 15-in. (255, 305, and 380-mm) pipeshall be 6; and for 18, 21, and 24-in. (455, 535, and 610-mm)shall be 8.11.2 The spigot end of bell-and-spigot perforated pipe shallnot be perforated for a distance
35、equal to the depth of the socket.12. Fittings12.1 Fittings shall correspond in all respects with thedimensions specified for pipe of the corresponding size.Dimensional tolerances of fittings shall be the same as forstraight pipe. All fittings shall conform to the requirements forpipe described in Se
36、ctions 8-10.12.2 Slants shall have their spigot ends cut at an angle ofapproximately 60 (1.0 rad) or 45 (0.8 rad) with the longitu-dinal axis.12.3 Curves shall have arcs of approximately 90 (1.6 rad),45 (0.8 rad), 30 (0.5 rad), or 22.5 (0.4 rad) as required.12.4 Fittings shall be made to such length
37、s as will accom-modate the jointing system provided. Tee and wye fittings shallbe furnished with spurs of the size specified, securely andcompletely fastened to the barrel of the fitting in the process ofmanufacture. The spurs of tee fittings shall have their axesperpendicular to the longitudinal ax
38、is of the fitting. The spur ofthe wye fittings shall have their axes at angles of approximately60 (1.0 rad), or 45 (0.8 rad) to the longitudinal axis of thefitting, measured from the socket or bell end of the fitting. Thebarrel of each spur shall be of sufficient length to permitmaking a proper join
39、t.12.5 Channel pipe and channel fittings shall be approximatehalf sections of the corresponding size of straight pipe andfittings.13. Test Methods13.1 Perform tests in accordance with Test Methods C 301.14. Inspection14.1 All pipe shall be subject to inspection by a competentinspector employed by th
40、e purchaser. Inspection shall be madepromptly at the factory or at the point of delivery. Rejectedpipe shall not be defaced, but shall be replaced by themanufacturer or seller without additional cost, with pipe thatmeets the requirements of this specification.15. Product Marking15.1 Each length of p
41、ipe shall bear the initials or name ofthe manufacturer, and the location of the plant. The words“Extra Strength” or the symbol “ES” shall be included, whenapplicable, to identify the class of pipe. The markings shall beindented on the exterior of the pipe and shall be plainly legiblefor identificati
42、on. The markings shall be indented on theexterior of the pipe or permanently marked by other means atthe time of manufacture. All markings shall be clearly legibleto meet the identification requirements.16. Keywords16.1 absorption test; bearing strength; bell; chemical resis-tance; clay; corrosion r
43、esistance; drains; fittings; leachate;C 700 07a3leaching fields; perforated pipe; pipe; plain end; sewers; spigot;vitrifiedSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThese requirements apply only to Federal/Military procurement, not domestic sales or transfers.S1. Government/Military ProcurementS1.1 Responsibility f
44、or InspectionUnless otherwise speci-fied in the contract or purchase order, the producer is respon-sible for the performance of all inspection and test require-ments specified herein. The producer may use his own or anyother suitable facilities for the performance of the inspectionand test requireme
45、nts specified herein, unless the purchaserdisapproves. The purchaser shall have the right to perform anyof the inspections and tests set forth in this specification wheresuch inspections are deemed necessary to ensure that materialconforms to prescribed requirements.NOTE S1.1In U.S. Federal contract
46、s, the contractor is responsible forinspection.S2. Packaging and Marking for U.S. GovernmentProcurementS2.1 PackagingUnless otherwise specified in the con-tract, the materials shall be packaged in accordance with thesuppliers standard practice in a manner ensuring arrival atdestination in satisfacto
47、ry condition and which will be accept-able to the carrier at lowest rates. Containers and packing shallcomply with Uniform Freight Classification rules or NationalMotor Freight Classification rules.S2.2 MarkingMarking for shipment shall be in accor-dance with Fed. Std. No. 123 for civil agencies and
48、 MIL-STD-129 for military agencies.NOTE S2.1The inclusion of U.S. Government procurement require-ments should not be construed as an indication that the U.S. Governmentuses or endorses the products described in this document.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent
49、rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for ad
