1、Designation: C888 03 (Reapproved 2014)C888 18Standard Specification forNuclear-Grade Gadolinium Oxide (Gd2O3) Powder1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C888; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、 of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification provides the chemical and physical requirements for nuclear-grade gadolinium oxide powder inten
3、ded forsubsequent processing and use in nuclear fuel applications, for example, as an addition to uranium dioxide.1.2 This specification does not include requirements for health and safety. Observance of this specification does not relieve theuser of the obligation to be aware of and comply with all
4、 federal, state, and local regulations pertaining to possessing, shipping,processing, or using this material.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with
5、internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B3
6、29 Test Method for Apparent Density of Metal Powders and Compounds Using the Scott VolumeterC493 Test Method for Bulk Density and Porosity of Granular Refractory Materials by Mercury Displacement (Discontinued2002) (Withdrawn 2002)3C859 Terminology Relating to Nuclear MaterialsC889 Test Methods for
7、Chemical and Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Nuclear-Grade Gadolinium Oxide (Gd2O3) PowderE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test SievesE105 Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials2.2 ANSI Standard:ANSI/ASMEASME NQA-1 Quality Assurance Requirements for Nuclear Facility Appli
8、cations42.3 U.S. Government Document:Code of Federal Regulations, Title 10, Part 50 Energy (10 CFR 50), Domestic Licensing of Production and Utilization Facilities53. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 Terms shall be defined in accordance with Terminology C859 except
9、 as defined herein.3.1.1.1 buyerthe organization issuing the purchase order.3.1.1.2 powder lota quantity of gadolinium oxide powder that has been processed in a manner such that samples taken inaccordance with the procedures of 8.1 can be considered as representative of the entire powder lot.3.1.1.3
10、 sellerthe gadolinium oxide powder supplier.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C26 on Nuclear Fuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.03 on NeutronAbsorberMaterials Specifications.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2014June 1, 2018. Published Februa
11、ry 2014July 2018. Originally approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 20082014 asC888 03 (2008).(2014). DOI: 10.1520/C0888-03R14.10.1520/C0888-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of AST
12、M Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.4 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/ww
13、w.ansi.org.5 Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what cha
14、nges have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the offi
15、cial document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14. Ordering Information4.1 The buyer shall specify the following information for all orders where this specification applies:4.1.1 Powder lot size (allowable range),4.1.2 Q
16、uantity (weight of delivered product),4.1.3 Nominal particle size range and applicable tolerances in accordance with Specification E11,4.1.4 Density (optional), Scott Volumeter (Test Method B329) and Mercury Displacement (Test Method C493) are referencedas guides to density measurement techniques,4.
17、1.5 Shape factor and method of determination (optional),4.1.6 Sampling requirements,4.1.7 Crystal structure (optional), and4.1.8 Quality requirements.5. Chemical Composition5.1 Loss-on-IgnitionThe loss-on-ignition as determined after ignition for 2 h at a minimum temperature of 900C shall notexceed
18、1.5 weight %.5.2 Gadolinium Oxide ConcentrationThe minimum Gd2O3 concentration shall be 99.8 weight % exclusive of the constituentslost on ignition as determined by Test Methods C889.5.2.1 Gadolinium Oxide Isotope ConcentrationThe isotopic concentration of the gadolinium shall be that which is found
19、 innaturally occurring gadolinium for the following isotopes:Isotope Atomic %155Gd 14.9 1.0155Gd 14.8 1.0157Gd 15.7 1.05.3 Impurity Content:5.3.1 Individual Impurity LimitsIndividual impurities exclusive of constituents lost on ignition shall not exceed the followinglimits:ElementMaximumConcentratio
20、n(g/g Gd2O3)Boron (B) 5Cadmium (Cd) 25Thorium (Th) 30(Chlorine + fluorine) (Cl + F) 100(Europium + samarium + terbium + ytterbium +dysprosium) (Eu + Sm + Tb + Yb + Dy)1000Carbon (C) 6005.3.2 The buyer may specify individual impurity limits for any elements not listed in 5.3.1. Any identified impurit
21、y exceeding1000 g/g Gd2O3 shall be reported. The total of all measured impurities shall not exceed 2000 g/g Gd2O3.6. Physical Properties6.1 Physical properties listed in 4.1.3, 4.1.4, 4.1.5, and 4.1.7 shall be in compliance with the buyers requirements.7. Cleanliness7.1 The lot shall be processed an
22、d packaged in a manner that precludes contamination by dust, organics, plastics, or otherforeign materials.8. Sampling8.1 Sampling plans to meet acceptance criteria and inspection and measurement procedures that describe the method ofcompliance with this specification shall be approved by the buyer.
23、 The degree of sampling where not specified in this documentvaries with the application and therefore should be specified on the purchase order. Recommended Practice E105 is referenced asa guide.8.2 Each sample taken shall be sufficient to perform the following in the event they are necessary or des
24、ired by the buyer:8.2.1 Quality verification tests by the seller,8.2.2 Acceptance tests by the buyer,8.2.3 Referee tests, in the event these become necessary, and8.2.4 Retention of archive samples by the seller.8.3 Archive samples shall be retained for a period of time specified by the buyer and del
25、ivered to the buyer upon request.C888 1829. Inspection and Certification9.1 The seller shall inspect the material covered by this specification and shall provide the buyer with certificates of testsshowing the results of all testing and inspection performed on each lot.9.2 The seller shall deliver a
26、ll test certificates to the buyer prior to or concurrent with the shipment of the powder lot.10. Rejection and Rehearing10.1 Unless the buyer and seller agree otherwise, rejection and acceptance shall be on a lot basis.10.2 Powder lots that fail to conform to the requirements of this specification m
27、ay be rejected by the buyer. The seller maypetition the buyer to waive selected requirements for identified out-of-specification lots. The decision to grant such waiver belongsto the buyer. The seller shall obtain the buyers approval, prior to use, of any remedy proposed to bring rejected lots intos
28、pecification.10.3 In the event of disagreement over the results of chemical analyses, samples shall be submitted to a mutually selectedreferee for resolution.11. Packaging and Package Marking11.1 Gadolinium oxide powder shall be packaged in sealed containers to prevent loss, damage, or contamination
29、 of the powderfrom airborne or container materials. The exact size and type of packaging shall be as mutually agreed upon by between the buyerand the seller.11.2 Each container shall bear, as a minimum, a label on the lid and side with the following information:11.2.1 Material in container (gadolini
30、um oxide powder),11.2.2 Specification number,11.2.3 Purchase order number,11.2.4 Powder lot number,11.2.5 Gross, net, and tare weights,11.2.6 Name of seller, and11.2.7 Container, numbered to identify individual container and total quantity of containers in shipment.12. Quality Assurance12.1 Quality
31、assurance requirements shall be agreed upon between the buyer and seller when specified in the purchase order.Code of Federal Regulations, Title 10, Part 50, Appendix B, and ANSI/ASMEASME NQA-1 are referenced as guides.13. Keywords13.1 gadolinium oxide; powderASTM International takes no position res
32、pecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This
33、standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Interna
34、tional Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown bel
35、ow.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 183
