1、Designation: C 938 02Standard Practice forProportioning Grout Mixtures for Preplaced-AggregateConcrete1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 938; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi
2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This practice describes the laboratory proced
3、ure forselecting proportions for grout mixtures required in the pro-duction of preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are provided forinformation purposes only.1.3 This standard does not purport to addres
4、s all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:C 39/C 39M Test M
5、ethod for Compressive Strength of Cy-lindrical Concrete Specimens2C 109/C 109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)3C 150 Specification for Portland Cement3C 185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic CementMortar3C 192/C 192M Practic
6、e for Making and Curing ConcreteTest Specimens in the Laboratory2C 618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or CalcinedNatural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete2C 637 Specification for Aggregates for Radiation-ShieldingConcrete2C 937 Specification for Grout Fluidifier for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete2C
7、 939 Test Method for Flow of Grout for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete (Flow-Cone Method)2C 940 Test Method for Expansion and Bleeding of FreshlyMixed Grouts for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in theLaboratory2C 941 Test Method for Water Retentivity of Grout Mixturesfor Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in th
8、e Laboratory2C 942 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Grouts forPreplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory2C 943 Practice for Making Test Cylinders and Prisms forDetermining Strength and Density of Preplaced-AggregateConcrete in the Laboratory23. Summary of Practice3.1 Grouts at fluid consi
9、stency are prepared from one ormore mixtures of cement, pozzolan, fine aggregate, groutfluidifier, with or without other chemical admixtures, andwater, and tested to determine:3.1.1 The properties of the grout, and3.1.2 The properties of PA concrete made with the groutwhen the grout is intended for
10、such use.3.2 The procedure and equipment required for mixing thisgrout are prescribed in this practice.4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice provides a standard procedure for selectingproportions for mixtures of grout to be used at fluid consistencyin the production of PA concrete meeting applica
11、ble criteria forstrength, density, and other properties.4.2 This practice is also useful for determining the compo-sition of grout mixed at fluid consistency and meeting specifiedrequirements for filling voids, cavities, and spaces in rock,foundations, and concrete structures.5. Apparatus5.1 Mixer,
12、constructed as shown in Fig. 1. The three mixerblades shall be made of steel plate, 3-mm (18-in.) thick, with a100 by 125-mm (4 by 5-in.) elliptical shape. Each blade shallhave two 25 by 75-mm (1 by 3-in.) slots centered on the majoraxis, and shall be welded to the shaft at an angle of approxi-matel
13、y 23 with the horizontal in such a way as to force grout1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concreteand Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.41 on Concrete for Radiation Shielding.Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2002. Published Febru
14、ary 2003. Originallyapproved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as C 93897.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.to the bottom
15、 of the mixer during rotation. The mixer bladesshall be powered to rotate at approximately 275 r/min underload.5.2 Scales or Balance, accurate to within 0.3 % of the testmass at any point within range of use.6. Materials6.1 Materials for test purposes, except mixing water, shallmeet the following re
16、quirements unless otherwise specified inproject documents:6.1.1 Portland cement, Specification C 150, nonair-entraining,6.1.2 Pozzolan, if used, Specification C 618,6.1.3 Fluidifier, Specification C 937, and6.1.4 Fine aggregate, Specification C 637, Table number 2,Grading 1 for specific gravity unde
17、r 3.0 and Grading 2 forspecific activity 3.0 or heavier.6.2 Where grout is being proportioned for use on a specificproject, materials for test purposes shall be from and represen-tative of the same source or type and description as will be usedor is being considered for use on the project.6.3 Mixing
18、 water, if clean and potable, is acceptable fornormal test purposes.7. Sampling7.1 Samples of mixed grout for testing shall be representa-tive of the batch from which they are drawn.7.2 Agitation of the batch shall be continuous until allsamples required from that batch have been drawn.7.3 Grout in
19、the mixer shall not be retempered by theaddition of water. If mixing water is added in increments toadjust fluidity, a new batch shall be prepared for testing.7.4 Samples shall be drawn for testing in the followingorder: (1) consistency, (2) expansion and bleeding, and (3),other requirements.8. Cond
20、itioning8.1 Maintain laboratory at and bring all grout materials to23.0 6 2.0C (73.5 6 3.5F) unless otherwise specified.9. Procedure9.1 Prebatch grout ingredients by mass to provide a batchvolume after mixing of approximately 0.03 m3(1 ft3).9.2 The first trial mixture, unless otherwise specified, sh
21、allcontain equal parts, by mass, of cementitious material and fineaggregate, fluidifier in amount 1 % mass of cementitiousmaterial, unless otherwise recommended by manufacturer, andsufficient water to produce a flow of 21 6 2 s. The cementitiousmaterial shall consist of two parts of portland cement
22、to onepart of pozzolan by mass.9.3 In subsequent trial mixtures, the proportions of materi-als shall be varied as needed to satisfy design criteria. Adjustedmixtures may contain a cementitious ratio of portland cementto pozzolan other than as stipulated for the first trial mixture.9.4 Dampen the ins
23、ide of the mixer drum, turn the mixer onand charge the ingredients within 2 min in the following order:(1) water, (2) fluidifier, (3) pozzolan (if used), (4) portlandFIG. 1 Grout MixerC938022cement, and (5) fine aggregate. After all materials have beenadded, mix for 3 to 314 min.9.5 Determine the fo
24、llowing fluid grout properties in theorder shown of each trial mixture:Property Test MethodFlow (time of efflux) C 939Expansion and bleeding C 940Water retentivity C 941, if requiredUnit mass see 9.5.1Other as required9.5.1 Determine the unit mass of the fluid grout using themeasure described in the
25、 Apparatus section under “Measure” inTest Method C 185. Pour the grout into a container, tap the sidelightly five times with a tapping stick as described in TestMethod C 185, strike off, then measure mass.9.6 Determine the following hardened grout and PA con-crete properties:Property Test MethodComp
26、ressive strength of grout C 942Compressive strength of PA concrete C 943, if requiredUnit mass of grout see 9.6.1Unit mass of PA concrete see 9.6.1, if required9.6.1 To determine the unit mass of grout or PA concrete,measure mass of the specimen to an accuracy of at least onepart in 250. Divide the
27、masses by volumes determined asfollows:9.6.1.1 CubesTake two measurements of each dimensionto nearest 0.25 mm (0.01 in.). Compute the volume fromaverage measurements.9.6.1.2 PA CylindersTake measurements of two diametersat right angles at approximate mid-height. Measure the lengthof the cylinder at
28、opposite ends of a diameter. Make allmeasurements to nearest 0.25 mm (0.01 in.). Compute thevolume from average measurements.10. Report10.1 For each mixture, including the final mixture, thefollowing shall be reported:10.1.1 A description of all materials used including type andalkali content of por
29、tland cement, type of pozzolan, source andname of fluidifier, and sieve analysis and specific gravity offine and coarse aggregate.10.2 For each trial mixture the following fluid grout prop-erties shall be reported: (1) time of efflux, (2) expansion andfree water, ( 3) water retentivity (if required)
30、, (4) and otherspecified data.10.3 For final mixture(s) selected, the report shall includecompressive strength of grout at ages of 7, 28, and 90 days, andunit mass unless otherwise required.10.4 For PA concrete cylinders, the report shall includecompressive strengths at ages of 7, 28, and 90 days, a
31、nd unitmass unless otherwise required.11. Keywords11.1 concrete; grouts; pre-placed aggregateASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determinati
32、on of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdr
33、awn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your
34、comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).C938023
