1、Designation: D1084 08D1084 16Standard Test Methods forViscosity of Adhesives1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1084; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenthe
2、ses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the viscosity of free
3、-flowing adhesives.1.1.1 The limitation of this test method to self-leveling adhesives eliminates thixotropic and plastic materials whose viscosityis a function of the rate of stirring and previous history of the adhesive.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The valu
4、es in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulator
5、ylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D88 Test Method for Saybolt ViscosityD115 Test Methods for Testing Solvent Containing Varnishes Used for Electrical InsulationD562 Test Method for Consistency of Paints Measuring Krebs Unit (KU) Viscosity Using a Stormer-Type Visco
6、meterD907 Terminology of AdhesivesD1200 Test Method for Viscosity by Ford Viscosity CupD1545 Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Liquids by Bubble Time MethodD1601 Test Method for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Ethylene PolymersD2556 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Adhesives Having Shear-Ra
7、te-Dependent Flow Properties Using RotationalViscometry2.2 ISO Document:3ISO 2555 Plastics Resins in the Liquid State or as Emulsions or Dispersions Determination of Apparent Viscosity by theBrookfield Test Method3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Many terms in these test methods are defined in Ter
8、minology D907.3.1.2 viscosity, nof a liquid, the resistance to flow expressed as the ratio of the applied stress to the resulting rate of shearingstrain (see Newtonian behavior and thixotropy). (Compare consistency.)3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 viscosity, nthe ratio of sh
9、ear stress to shear rate. The viscosity of a liquid is a measure of the internal friction of the liquidin motion. The unit of dynamic viscosity is the poise, Pascal (poise), which is expressed as dyne-seconds per square centimetre.For a Newtonian liquid, the viscosity is constant at all shear rates.
10、 For a non-Newtonian liquid, viscosity will vary depending onshear rate.1 These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on Adhesives and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.10 on Working Properties.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2008May 1, 2016. Published Februa
11、ry 2008June 2016. Originally approved in 1950. Last previous edition approved in 20052008 asD1084 97 (2005).D1084 08. DOI: 10.1520/D1084-08.10.1520/D1084-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of AST
12、M Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the u
13、ser of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard
14、as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14. Significance and Use4.1 Several test methods are noted for viscosity determination of Newtonian and near Newtonian flow
15、characteristics. (Foradhesives not fitting into this category, Test Method D2556 should be considered.) Four test methods are covered as follows:4.1.1 Method A is applicable only to adhesives that will deliver 50 mL in a steady uninterrupted stream from one of the cupsdescribed in Section 5.4.1.2 Me
16、thod B is intended for measuring the viscosity of adhesives covering a range from 0.05 Pa s to 200 Pa s(50 to 200 000 cP) and is limited to materials that have or approach Newtonian flow characteristics.4.1.3 Method C is intended primarily as a control method for determining the viscosity of adhesiv
17、es that have or approachNewtonian flow characteristics.4.1.4 Method D is intended primarily as a control method for determining the viscosity of materials that have an equivalentviscosity no greater than approximately 3000 cP mPa s (cP) and is limited to materials that have or approach Newtonian flo
18、wcharacteristics.TEST METHOD A5. Apparatus5.1 The apparatus (Fig. 1) consists of a set of four viscosity cups so designed as to deliver 50 mL of the sample in from 30 to100 s at a temperature of 23 6 0.5C (73.4 6 0.9F).5.1.1 Four consistency cups constitute a set as follows:Diameter of Orifice, in.F
19、irst Cup 0.07 0.0001Second cup 0.10 0.0001Third cup 0.15 0.0001Fourth cup 0.25 0.00015.1.2 Cups made of brass or bronze. Orifice disks made of 18 % Chromium, 8 % Nickel stainless steel. The diameter of theOrifice pressed in the cup shall be stamped on the cup.5.1.3 Fractional dimensions subject to p
20、ermissible variations of 60.01 in., unless otherwise specified.All dimensions are in mmFIG. 1 Consistency Cups and Apparatus Assembly(Test Method A)D1084 1626. Procedure6.1 Bring the sample to be tested and the viscosity cup to a temperature of 23 6 0.5C (73.4 6 0.9F) (preferably in aconstant-temper
21、ature room). Then mount the consistency cup in the clamp provided for the purpose and place the receivingcylinder in position. With the outlet of the cup closed by means of the finger, pour the sample into the cup until it is filled tooverflowing. Strike off the excess with a straightedge, and then
22、remove the finger from over the outlet and allow the sample to flowinto the receiving cylinder. Determine the number of seconds from the time the finger is removed from the orifice until the top ofthe meniscus reaches to 50-mL mark on the cylinder by a stop watch and record as the viscosity of the m
23、aterial.7. Report7.1 Report the following:7.1.1 Complete identification of the adhesive tested, including type, source, manufacturers code numbers, form, date of test,date of manufacture, etc.,7.1.2 Conditioning procedure used for samples prior to testing,7.1.3 Number of tests made, and7.1.4 Average
24、 consistency in seconds and the number of the viscosity cup used.TEST METHOD B8. Procedure8.1 Refer to ISO 2555 for this test method.TEST METHOD C9. Apparatus9.1 ViscometerA Stormer viscosimeter with double flag paddle-type rotor as specified in Test Method D562, or an equivalentapparatus, in good r
25、epair and a spindle that spins freely when started without the paddle.9.2 ContainersRound friction-top metal cans having a capacity of 1 qt (0.9 L). Nonstandard containers may be used by mutualagreement, when necessary to prevent corrosion or other deleterious effects of metal cans.9.3 ThermometerA
26、precision thermometer with graduations not greater than 0.2C (0.36F) divisions.9.4 TimerA stop watch or suitable timer measuring to0.2 s.10. Procedure10.1 ConditioningBring the containers holding the samples to be tested and the paddle to be used to a temperature of 23 60.5C (73.4F) (preferably in a
27、 constant-temperature room), and maintain the sample uniformly at this standard temperaturethroughout the test. Protect adhesives containing volatile solvents from evaporation during conditioning. If special conditioningmethods are necessary, such as the use of a circulating water bath. Report this
28、in 11.1.2.10.2 AdjustmentPrepare the instrument for use by raising the weight to the top by winding up the cord with the ratchetprovided for that purpose. Set the revolution counter at 10 revolutions below the zero mark. Use a falling weight of such magnitudethat a minimum time of 20 s is required f
29、or 100 revolutions of the paddle when the test is conducted as specified in 10.2. Choosethe weight from the series 50, 100, 200, 500, and 1000 g. Fasten the paddle securely on the shaft, place the container on theplatform, and raise until the surface of the adhesive just reaches the mark on the stem
30、 of the paddle. This ensures uniform depthof immersion of the paddle.10.3 DeterminationRelease the brake on the large cog wheel, and start the timing device when the needle on the revolutioncounter passes the zero mark. Note the time for 100 revolutions accurately to the closest 0.2 s. Make a minimu
31、m of threedeterminations.11. Report11.1 Report the following:11.1.1 Complete identification of the adhesive tested, including type, source, manufacturersmanufacturers code numbers,form, date of test, date of manufacture, etc.,11.1.2 Conditioning procedure employed, including time elapsed between var
32、ious operations used in the preparation of theadhesive mix,11.1.3 Details of nonstandard containers, if used,11.1.4 Temperature of the sample at the conclusion of the test,11.1.5 Weight used,D1084 16311.1.6 Number of tests made, and11.1.7 Average viscosity in seconds for 100 revolutions, together wi
33、th the range of the observations.TEST METHOD D12. Apparatus12.1 The apparatus (Fig. 2) consists of a set of five Zahn viscosity cups so designed as to allow a sample to flow through thecalibrated orifice in approximately 1 min or less, best results being obtained when the flow time is between 20 and
34、40 s.12.1.1 Five viscosity cups constitute a set as follows:Diameter of Orificesin. + 0.0003 mm + 0.0076 0.0002 0.0051First cup 0.0788 2.002Second cup 0.1082 2.748Third cup 0.1487 3.777Fourth cup 0.1684 4.277Fifth cup 0.2072 5.263Diameter of Orificesmm + 0.0076 in. + 0.00030.0051 0.0002First cup 2.0
35、02 0.0788Second cup 2.748 0.1082Third cup 3.777 0.1487Fourth cup 4.277 0.1684Fifth cup 5.263 0.207212.1.2 Cups shall be made of stainless steel, 0.050 in.(1.27 mm) thick. The number of the cup shall be stamped on a plate on the cup.All dimensions are in mmFIG. 2 Viscosity Cups (Test Method D)D1084 1
36、6412.2 The following figures are given only for the purpose of selecting the proper viscometer. They are not intended for use inconverting centipoises to Zahn seconds.Orifice Size, in. (mm) Range Pa S (Range, cP) Range, Zahns0.0788 (2.002) 0.02 to 0.085 (20 to 85) 40 to 850.1082 (2.748) 0.03 to 0.17
37、0 (30 to 170) 20 to 700.1487 (3.777) 0.120 to 0.550 (170 to 550) 25 to 600.1684 (4.277) 0.200 to 0.900 (200 to 900) 20 to 650.2072 (5.263) 0.250 to 1.200 (250 to 1200) 15 to 60(and above) (and above)Orifice Size, mm (in.) Range mPa s (cP) Range, Zahns2.002 (0.0788) 20 to 85 40 to 852.748 (0.1082) 30
38、 to 170 20 to 703.777 (0.1487) 120 to 550 25 to 604.277 (0.1684) 200 to 900 20 to 655.263 (0.2972) 250 to 1200 15 to 60(and above)13. Procedure13.1 ConditioningBring the sample of the adhesive and the cup to a temperature of 23 6 0.5C (73.4 6 0.9F), preferablyin a constant-temperature room, and main
39、tain the sample uniformly at this standard temperature throughout the test. Othertemperatures of test are optional. Protect adhesives containing volatile solvents from evaporation during conditioning. If specialconditioning methods are necessary, such as the use of a circulating water bath, they sha
40、ll be specified in 14.1.2.13.2 DeterminationHold the viscometer in a vertical position (by means of a small ring at the end of the handle) andcompletely immerse the cup into the sample being tested. Lift the viscometer out of the sample (Note 1). Determine by means ofa stop watch the number of secon
41、ds from the time the top edge of the viscometer cup breaks the surface until the steady flow fromthe orifice first breaks, and record this time as the consistency of the material. Record the temperature of the sample and the numberof the cup.NOTE 1Time of removal must be rapid. Unless build-up of ad
42、hesive on the side of the cup occurs, the time of removal should be about 1 s.14. Report14.1 Report the following:14.1.1 Complete identification of the adhesive tested, including type, source, manufacturersmanufacturers code numbers,form, date of test, date of manufacture, etc.,14.1.2 Conditioning p
43、rocedure employed for samples prior to testing,14.1.3 Number of tests made, and14.1.4 Average viscosity in seconds and the number of the viscosity cup used.PRECISION AND BIAS15. Precision and Bias15.1 At the present time there is no basis for a statement of precision and bias concerning the reproduc
44、ibility of results amonglaboratories.16. Keywords16.1 adhesive; viscosityAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. REFERENCE VISCOSITY METHODSX1.1 Reference viscosity methods giving equipment used are shown on the following table:Test Method for Refers to Equipment UsedViscosity of Transparent Liquids b
45、y Bubble Time Method D1545 Gardner-Holdt tubesSaybolt Viscosity D88 Saybolt viscometerDilute Solution Viscosity of Ethylene Polymers D1601 Modified Ubbelohde viscometerViscosity of Paints, Varnishes, and Lacquers by Ford Viscosity Cup D1200 Ford cupVarnishes Used for Electrical Insulation D115 MacMi
46、chael viscosimeterD1084 165ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infri
47、ngement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard
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