1、Designation: D1562 09Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification forCellulose Acetate Propionate Molding and ExtrusionCompounds1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1562; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the
2、 case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This
3、classification system covers requirements for plas-ticized cellulose acetate propionate thermoplastic compoundssuitable for injection molding and extrusion. These compoundshave a propionyl content less than 48 % and an acetyl contentless than 3 % and can contain dyes and pigments. Cellulosicplastic
4、materials, being thermoplastic, are reprocessable andrecyclable. This classification system allows for the use ofthose cellulosic materials, provided that all specific require-ments of this classification system are met.1.2 The properties included in this classification system arethose required to i
5、dentify the compositions covered. Otherrequirements necessary to identify particular characteristicsimportant to specialized applications are specified by using thesuffixes as given in Section 5.1.3 This classification system and subsequent line call outspecification are intended to provide a means
6、of calling outplastic materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts.It is not intended for the selection of materials. Materialselection can be made by those having expertise in the plasticfield only after careful consideration of the design and perfor-mance required of the part, environme
7、nt to which it will beexposed, fabrication process to be employed, costs involved,and inherent properties of the material other than those coveredby this classification system.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
8、test method portion, Section 11, of this classification system.This standard does not purport to address all of the safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicabilit
9、y of regulatorylimitations prior to use.NOTE 1There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materialsat Commercial Power FrequenciesD256 Test Methods
10、 for Determining the Izod PendulumImpact Resistance of PlasticsD257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance ofInsulating MaterialsD570 Test Method for Water Absorption of PlasticsD618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent andTime of Bu
11、rning of Plastics in a Horizontal PositionD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by Displ
12、acementD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittanceof Transparent PlasticsD1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and ColorDifferences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque MaterialsD3641 Practic
13、e for Injection Molding Test Specimens ofThermoplastic Molding and Extrusion MaterialsD3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-alsD5740 Guide for Writing Material Standards in the Classi-fication D 4000 FormatD7209 Guide for Waste Redu
14、ction, Resource Recovery, andUse of Recycled Polymeric Materials and Products1This classification system is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on ThermoplasticMaterials.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009. Published Decemb
15、er 2009. Originallyapproved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D1562 - 05. DOI:10.1520/D1562-09.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the
16、standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.E308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects byUsing the CIE Sy
17、stem3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe terminology used in this classificationsystem is in accordance with Terminologies D883 and D1600.4. Classification4.1 This classification system covers the following groups.classes, and grades (see Table CAP):4.1.1 Group 01High impact strength.4.1.2 Group 02High
18、tensile strength.4.1.3 ClassAccording to plasticizer content and proper-ties specified in Table CAP.4.1.4 Grade 1For injection molding (general purpose).4.1.5 Grade 2For extrusion.5. Suffixes5.1 When requirements are needed that are not covered inTable CAP, they shall be indicated through the use of
19、 suffixes.5.2 A list of suffixes can be found in Classification SystemD4000 (Table 3) and can be used for additional requirements asappropriate. Additional suffixes will be added to that classifi-cation system as test methods and requirements are developedand requested.5.3 Color and opacity shall be
20、 within the limits defined in6.35.4 Some of the more commonly used suffixes for celluloseacetate propionate are shown as follows:E = electrical requirements (see Table 1) as designated by thefollowing digits:First Digit1 = volume resistivityTest Methods D257.dielectric strengthTest Method D149 (shor
21、t-time/ step-by-step).Second Digit1 = volume resistivity and dielectric strength meetproperty requirements as shown in Table 1.T = transmittance requirements as designed designated bythe following digits:First Digit1 = total luminous transmittance Procedure A of TestMethod D1003.Second Digit1 = tota
22、l luminous transmittance, 80 % min.5.5 An example of this classification system for a high-impact cellulose acetate propionate formulation would be asfollows:CAP0122FA053 (1)CAP = Table CAP property requirements01 = Group 1High impact strength2 = Class 2Plasticizer range from 8 to 20 % (seeTable CAP
23、, Footnote 1)2 = Grade 2Extrusion applicationFA053 = Flammability requirement from ClassificationSystem D4000Burn rate maximum of 50 mm/min with 3 mm minimum thickness, when testedin accordance with Test Method D635NOTE 2CAP0122 corresponds to the following physical propertyrequirements in Table CAP
24、:Specific gravity: 1.19-1.20.Tensile stress at yield: 19 MPa min.Flexural modulus: 1 000 MPa min.Izod impact strength: 200 J/m min.Water absorption: 2.0 % max.Weight loss on heating: 2.0 % max.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Materials supplied shall be as uniform in compositionand size, and as free
25、of contamination, as can be achieved bygood manufacturing practice.6.2 If these materials contain colorants in the nominalamounts ordinarily employed, such additives shall not alter theability of the materials to meet the specified properties.6.3 The color of material supplied shall be comparable,wi
26、thin commercial match tolerances, to the color of standardsamples prepared by the manufacturer.7. Physical Requirements7.1 Test specimens of the material shall conform to therequirements prescribed in Table CAP.7.2 Molded specimens, for those tests requiring them, shallbe prepared in accordance with
27、 Section 10.7.3 Conformance to the requirements of this classificationsystem shall be determined in accordance with Section 11.8. Sampling8.1 Sampling shall be statistically adequate to satisfy therequirements of 12.48.2 A batch or lot shall be constituted as a unit of manufac-ture as prepared for s
28、hipment and can consist of a blend of twoor more “production runs.”9. Number of Tests9.1 Routine testing of each batch or lot shall be limited toproperties designated in Table CAP of this classificationsystem.9.2 One set of samples for those tests that are designated(Section 12) shall be considered
29、sufficient for testing the batchor lot. The average results from those samples shall complywith the requirements prescribed in this classification system.10. Specimen Preparation10.1 Physical property requirements in Table CAP are basedon injection molded specimens 3.2 mm thick. Specimensmachined fr
30、om compression-molded blanks or extruded stripscan be used, provided it can be shown that the results arecomparable.10.2 Prior to molding cellulose acetate propionate, dry thematerial to a moisture content of 0.2 % or less. The primaryreason for drying the material is to eliminate visual defectssuch
31、 as surface imperfections and bubbles. Material spread ina tray to a maximum depth of 50 mm and exposed in aD1562 092circulating-air oven at 75 to 90C for3hisrecommended.Formulations containing either very low or very high levels ofplasticizer can require slightly higher or lower drying tempera-ture
32、s respectively. Control the injection molding cycles inaccordance with Practice D3641, using a melt temperature 25to 35C above the “cold point.” (The “cold point” is the lowestmelt temperature at which it is possible to obtain a full shotwhen all other operating variables are held constant within th
33、enormal operating range.) Mold temperatures between 35 and60C have been found desirable. As a rule, thin-sectionmoldings and higher hardness materials (lower plasticizercontent) require higher mold temperatures.10.3 Test specimens injection molded from cellulosic ma-terials are subject to “overpacki
34、ng” if the gate size is too large,and this can result in brittleness in the gate area as well asthroughout the entire specimen. A gate size 1.5 mm square hasbeen found to produce satisfactory test specimens.11. Test Methods11.1 Determine the properties defined by this classificationsystem in accorda
35、nce with the following methods:11.1.1 All tests shall be performed in the standard labora-tory atmosphere as defined by Practice D618.11.1.2 Test specimens shall be conditioned in accordancewith Procedure A of Practice D618.11.1.3 Color VisualPractice D1729.11.1.4 Color-QuantitativePractice E308.11.
36、1.5 Plasticizer ContentThe method for plasticizer con-tent shall be specified.11.1.6 Specific GravityTest Methods D792.11.1.7 Tensile Stress at YieldTest Method D638, Type Itest specimen, 50-mm/min testing speed.11.1.8 Flexural ModulusTest Methods D790, 1.27-mm/min testing speed.11.1.9 Impact Streng
37、th (Izod)Test Method A of TestMethod D256. Specimen size: 63.5 mm long by 12.7 mm wideby 3.2 mm thick.11.1.10 Water AbsorptionTest Method D570, 24-h im-mersion.NOTE 3The ungated “tab end” (75 mm long) of a Test Method D638,Type I tensile bar will give comparable results and can be used if theprimary
38、 specimen type is not available. Condition in accordance with TestMethod D570.11.1.11 Weight Loss on HeatingCondition test specimens,50.8 mm in diameter or 50.8 mm wide by 63.5 mm long by 3.2mm thick, for 48 h over anhydrous calcium chloride at 23 62Cor4hat706 2C.NOTE 4The ungated “tab end” (75 mm l
39、ong) of a Test Method D638,Type I tensile bar will give comparable results and can be used if theprimary specimen type is not available. Weigh three specimens and placethem in a circulating-air oven for 72 h at 82 6 2C. Support the specimensflatwise on a screen in the oven. Upon removal from the ove
40、n, cool thespecimens in a desiccator over anhydrous calcium chloride to 23 6 2C.Weigh the specimens and calculate the weight loss on heating as apercentage of the conditioned weight as follows:weight loss on heating, % 5W1 W2!W13 100 (2)where:W1= original weight, g, after initial conditioning, andW2
41、= weight, g, after 72 h in oven at 82C.12. Inspection and Certification12.1 Inspection and certification of the material suppliedwith reference to a specification based on this classificationsystem shall be for conformance to the requirements specifiedherein.12.2 Lot-acceptance inspection shall be t
42、he basis on whichacceptance or rejection of the lot is made. The lot-acceptanceinspection shall consist of plasticizer content determination andcolor (see Table CAP, Footnote 1, and 11.1.3) as specified in6.3.12.3 Periodic check inspection with reference to a specifi-cation based on this classificat
43、ion system shall consist of thetests for all requirements of the material under the specifica-tion. Inspection frequency shall be adequate to ensure that thematerial is certifiable in accordance with 12.4.12.4 Certification shall be that the material was manufac-tured by a process in statistical con
44、trol, sampled, tested, andinspected in accordance with this classification system and thatthe average values for the lot meet the requirements of theclassification system (line call out).12.5 A report of test results shall be furnished when re-quested. The report shall consist of results of the lot
45、acceptanceinspection for the shipment, the results of the most recentperiodic-check inspection, and the percent by weight of re-cycled plastic, as defined in Guide D7209, if requested.NOTE 5The ASTM publication Manual on Presentation of Data andControl Chart Analysis, 7th Edition, stock number: MNL7
46、A, providesdetailed information about statistical process control.13. Rejection13.1 Material that fails to conform to all the requirements ofthis classification system is not to be certified.14. Packaging, Packing, and Marking14.1 The provisions of Practice D3892 apply to packaging,packing, and mark
47、ing of containers for plastic materials.15. Keywords15.1 cellulose acetate propionate; classification system; linecallout; plastic; recycled; specificationD1562 093TABLE CAP Detailed Physical Property RequirementsMaterial: CAP (Cellulose Acetate Propionate)SpecificGravity,Test Meth-odsD792TensileStr
48、ess atYield,Test MethodD638,min, MPaFlexuralModulus,Test Meth-odsD790,min, MPaIzodImpactStrength,Test MethodD256,min, J/mWater Absorption,Test MethodD570,max, %WeightLoss onHeating,Paragraph11.1.11,max, %Group Description ClassPlasticizerContentA,%Grade DescriptionWeightGainBSolubleLoss01 high impac
49、tstrength1 10-25 120injectionextrusionother1.18-1.201.18-1.2015158308302302301.81.80.20.22.22.228-20 120injectionextrusionother1.19-1.201.19-1.201919100010002002002.02.00.20.22.02.036-16 120injectionextrusionother1.19-1.211.19-1.212323117011701601602.12.10.20.21.81.80 other 0 other02 high tensilestrength14-13 120injectionextrusionother1.20-1.221.20-1.222929131013101051052.22.20.10.11.21.222-10 120injectionextrusionother1.21-1.221.21-1.2234341520152080802.32.30.10.10.80.800 other 0 other 0 otherAThe method for plasticizer content shall be specified
