1、Designation: D1593 09D1593 13Standard Specification forNonrigid Vinyl Chloride Plastic Film and Sheeting1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1593; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last re
2、vision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers nonrigid, unsupported vinyl chloride plastic film and sheeting in which the resin portion of theco
3、mposition contains at least 90 % vinyl chloride. The remaining 10 % maycan include one or more monomers copolymerizedwith vinyl chloride, or consist of other resins mechanically blended together with poly(vinyl chloride) or copolymers thereof.1.2 The vinyl chloride plastic film and sheeting covered
4、herein shall be 0.075 to 0.25 mm (3 to 10 mils) in thickness for filmand greater than 0.25 mm in thickness for sheet.sheeting. The film and sheeting shall include the stabilizers and plasticizersnecessary to meet the requirements of this specification. The material may be This specification covers t
5、ransparent, translucent, oropaque, and may be opaque film and sheeting that is plain, printed, embossed, or otherwise surface treated.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 10, of
6、 this specification:This standarddoes not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.N
7、OTE 1There is no known ISO equivalent forto this specification.standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD689 Test Method for Internal Tearing Resistance of Paper (Withdrawn 2009)3D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relativ
8、e Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic SheetingD1004 Test Method for Tear Resistance (Graves Tear) of Plastic Film and SheetingD1203 Test Methods for Volatile Loss From Plastics Using Activated Carbon MethodsD1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensio
9、nal Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated TemperatureD1239 Test Method for Resistance of Plastic Films to Extraction by ChemicalsD1433 for Method of Rate of Burning and/or Extent and Time of Burning of Flexible Thin Plastic Sheeting Supported on a45-Deg Incline (Withdrawn 19
10、86)3D1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient TechniqueD1898D1790 Practice for Sampling of PlasticsTest Method for Brittleness Temperature of Plastic Sheeting by Impact(Withdrawn 1998)D1922 Test Method for Propagation Tear Resistance of Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting by Pendu
11、lum MethodD3801 Test Method for Measuring the Comparative Burning Characteristics of Solid Plastics in a Vertical PositionD3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD4804 Test Method for Determining the Flammability Characteristics of Nonrigid Solid PlasticsD5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimen
12、sions of Solid Plastics SpecimensD6988 Guide for Determination of Thickness of Plastic Film Test Specimens1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film, Sheeting, and MoldedProducts.Current edition appr
13、oved Feb. 1, 2009Oct. 1, 2013. Published February 2009October 2013. Originally approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 19992009 asD1593 - 99D1593 - 09., which was withdrawn November 2008 and reinstated in February 2009. DOI: 10.1520/D1593-09. DOI: 10.1520/D1593-13.2 For referencedASTM st
14、andards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an
15、 ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as publis
16、hed by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.2 Military Standard:MIL-STD-105 Sampling Procedures and Tables fo
17、r Inspection by Attributes33. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 vinyl chloride plasticsplastics based on polymers of vinyl chloride or copolymers of vinyl chloride with othermonomers, the vinyl chloride being in greatest amount by mass.4. Significance and Use4.1 Thi
18、s specification designates three general-purpose types of vinyl chloride plastic film and sheeting. The tests involved areexpected to provide information to identify the type of material and to ensure a minimum of good workmanship and quality. Thetest data are not necessarily suitable for direct app
19、lication in design because of differences encountered in the shape of the part,loading, size, environmental conditions, and so forth. The test results can be used for inspection and quality control tests, providedsimilar test equipment and proper methods are used.4.2 Films and sheetssheetings are av
20、ailable, compounded differently, where special properties are required. Special types of filmand sheeting will be added to the specification as their inclusion becomes generally desirable and the necessary data and methodsbecome available.5. Classification5.1 This specification covers three types of
21、 nonrigid vinyl chloride plastic film and sheeting, designated in accordance with themethod of manufacture as follows:5.1.1 Type ICalendered film and sheeting,5.1.2 Type IIExtruded film and sheeting, and5.1.3 Type IIICast film and sheeting.6. General Requirements6.1 The material shall be of uniform
22、composition and so compounded as to conform to the requirements of this specification.6.2 The color, transparency or opacity, and surface finish shall be as specified by the purchaser in the contract or order.6.3 The material shall be reasonably free from pinholes, particles of foreign matter, undis
23、persed raw materials, and visualdefects. Edges should are to be smooth and free from cuts. The extent of the above defects permissible shall be as agreed uponbetween the purchaser and the seller.7. Dimensional Tolerances7.1 ThicknessThe average thickness of the film and sheeting determined from five
24、 uniformly spacedshall be determined inaccordance with 10.1.4 readings taken across the width of the sheet and shall be within the following limits:7.1.1 Type I610 % of the specified thickness.7.1.2 Type II615 % of the specified thickness.7.1.3 Type III610 % of the specified thickness.7.1.4 Average
25、gauge for embossed film and sheeting shall be determined in accordance with 10.1.4.27.2 Average Thickness Based on Yield per RollThe average thickness based on yield shall be determined in accordance with10.1.310.1.4 and shall be within the following limits:7.2.1 Type I65 % of the specified thicknes
26、s.7.2.2 Type II610 % of the specified thickness.7.2.3 Type III65 % of the specified thickness.7.3 WidthThe film and sheeting shall be held to a tolerance of 612 or 0 mm (+12 or 0 in.) for Types I and II, and +19 or0 mm (+34 or 0 in.) for Type III, of the width specified by the purchaser on the contr
27、act or order. This tolerance shall apply whenthe material is in roll form on the core.7.4 LengthThe length of material for Types I and II, excluding that which has been subjected to embossing, printing, and soforth, shall be continuous in any one roll. Four heat-sealed splices shall be allowed for T
28、ype III sheeting. The total length in a rollshall be as specified by the purchaser in the contract or order.8. Requirements8.1 Test specimens shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1.3 Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., P
29、hiladelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.D1593 1329. Sampling9.1 A sample shall be selected at random from each lot of material sufficient to determine the conformance of the material tothis specification. In addition, selected samples of theIndividual visual inspection of selected film
30、 or sheeting may be subjected toindividual visual inspection.samples is permissible.10. Test Methods10.1 Determine the properties enumerated in this specification in accordance with the following methods:10.1.1 ConditioningCondition the test specimens as 23 6 2C (73.4 6 3.6F) and 50 6 5 %10 % relati
31、ve humidity for notless than 40 h prior to test in accordance with ProcedureAof Practice D618, for those tests where conditioning is required. In casesof disagreement, the tolerances shall be 1C (61.8F) and 62 % relative humidity.10.1.2 Test ConditionsConduct tests in the standard laboratory atmosph
32、ere of 23 6 2C (73.4 6 3.6F) and 50 6 5 %10 %relative humidity, unless otherwise specified in the test methods or in this specification. In cases of disagreements, the tolerancesshall be 61C (61.8F) and 62 %65 % relative humidity.10.1.3 Specific GravityDetermine specific gravity in accordance with M
33、ethod A or Method B of Test Method D792, or TestMethod D150510.1.4 ThicknessThickness: This method for thickness is to be used as a referee method and must be used for embossedsheeting. For routine testing, standard dead weight methods may be used.10.1.4.1 ApparatusNon-Embossed Film or SheetingThe a
34、pparatus shall consist of the following:For routine testing,standard dead weight methods may be used. Measure thickness by D5947 or D6988, as appropriate.(1) Analytical Balance, equipped with pan straddle or other stationary support, sensitive to 0.005 g,(2) Class S Weights,(3) Beaker, 250-mL,(4) Fi
35、ne Thread or Wire, nonabsorbent,(5) Thermometer, 0 to 100C, graduated in 1C divisions,(6) Die or Template, for cutting test specimens, 10 by 10 cm, with dimensional tolerance of 60.01 cm/side, and(7) Sharp Knife or Razor.10.1.3.2 Test SpecimensTest five 10 by 10-cm specimens taken uniformly across t
36、he width of the sheet.10.1.4.2 ProcedureEmbossed Film or SheetingBy means of the die or template and the sharp knife or razor, cut fivespecimens from the sample of material. Weigh each specimen to the nearest 0.5 mg on the analytical balance. Record the weightThis method for thickness is to be used
37、as W.a Determine the specific gravity of each specimen in accordance with Method A ofTest Methods referee method D792, or Test Method D1505, and record asmust be D.used Use of a wetting agent isrecommended.for embossed film and sheeting(1) ApparatusThe apparatus shall consist of the following:(a) An
38、alytical Balance, equipped with pan straddle or other stationary support, sensitive to 0.005 g,(b) Class S Weights,(c) Beaker, 250-mL,(d) Fine Thread or Wire, nonabsorbent,(e) Thermometer, 0 to 100C, graduated in 1C divisions,TABLE 1 Detail Requirements for Nonrigid Vinyl Chloride Plastic Film and S
39、heetingProperty RequirementType I Type II Type IIITensile strength,A min, MPa (psi):Tensile strength, min, MPa (psi):D882, Method A 15.9 (2300) 20.7 (3000) 20.0 (2900)D882, Method B 14.5 (2100) 17.2 (2500) 17.9 (2600)D882 14.5 (2100) 17.2 (2500) 17.9 (2600)Elongation at rupture, min, % 150 125 150Te
40、ar resistance, min, N/mm (lbf/in.) 35 (200) not applicable not applicableInternal tear resistance, min:Over 0.076 mm (0.003 in.) thick, g/m (g/mil) 2.36 (60) 3.94 (100) for all 5.91 (150) for all0.076 (0.003 in.) or less, g/sheet 180 thicknesses thicknessesVolatile loss, max, % see Fig. 1Water extra
41、ction, max, % 1 1 1Low-temperature impact, max:C 18 to 20 18 to 20 10 to 12F 0 to 2 0 to 2 +14 to +12F 0 to 4 0 to 4 +14 to +12Burning rate, max, mm/s (in./s) 30.5 (1.2) not applicable not applicableCrocking no crocking no crocking no crockingShrinkage at elevated temperature, max, % 7 8 5AIf the sh
42、eeting meets the requirement by either method, it shall be considered as passed.D1593 133(f) Die or Template, for cutting test specimens, 10 by 10 cm, with dimensional tolerance of 60.01 cm/side, and(g) Sharp Knife or Razor.(2) Test SpecimensTest five 10 by 10-cm specimens taken uniformly across the
43、 width of the sheet.(3) ProcedureBy means of the die or template and the sharp knife or razor, cut five specimens from the sample of material.Weigh each specimen to the nearest 0.5 mg on the analytical balance. Record the weight as W. Determine the specific gravity ofeach specimen in accordance with
44、 Method A of Test Methods D792, or Test Method D1505, and record as D. Use of a wettingagent is recommended.(4) CalculationCalculate the average thickness of each test specimen, using the following formula, and average the fivevalues:T 5394W100D 53.94WD (1)where:T = average thickness of test specime
45、n, mils,W = weight of test specimen, g,D = density of test specimen, g/cm3,394 = conversion factor, cm to mils, and100 = area of specimen, cm2.10.1.3.4 CalculationCalculate the average thickness of each test specimen, using the following formula, and average the fivevalues:T 5394W/100D 53.94W/D (1)w
46、here:T = average thickness of test specimen, mils,W = weight of test specimen, g,D = density of test specimen, g/cm3,394 = conversion factor, cm to mils, and100 = area of specimen, cm2.10.1.5 Average Thickness Based on Yield per RollCalculate the average thickness based on yield per roll as follows:
47、average thickness,mils5 768.93net weight lb!specific gravity3length yd!3width in.! (2)10.1.6 Tensile Strength and Elongation at RuptureEither Test MethodAor Test Method B of Test Methods Test Method D882mayshall be used. In either case, test Test specimens shall be 25.4 mm (1 in.) wide. The test met
48、hod used shall be stated in thereport.10.1.6 Tear ResistanceTest Method D1004, using pendulum or constant elongation type of machine.10.1.7 Internal Tear ResistanceTest Method D689D1004, except that readings obtained where the tear deviates more than 10mm ( 38 in.) from the line of the initial slit
49、shall not be rejected when obtained with embossed sheeting. Determine the averagefrom measuring five samples taken each direction across the width of the film or sheetor D1922 and two samples of each directiontaken directly adjacent to the longitudinal edges of the film or sheet, the remaining three being equally spaced between these two.Report the tear tests for each machine. Report the cross-directional averages of these five tests in each direction.shall be applied.10.1.7.1 The test method performed must
