1、Designation: D 1654 05Standard Test Method forEvaluation of Painted or Coated Specimens Subjected toCorrosive Environments1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1654; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers
3、the treatment of previouslypainted or coated specimens for accelerated and atmosphericexposure tests and their subsequent evaluation in respect tocorrosion, blistering associated with corrosion, loss of adhesionat a scribe mark, or other film failure.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regar
4、ded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult andestablish appropriate safety and health practices
5、and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) ApparatusD 610 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Rusting onPainted Steel SurfacesD 714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of
6、PaintsD 822 Practice for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Expo-sures of Paint and Related Coatings3D 870 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of CoatingsUsing Water ImmersionD 1014 Practice for Conducting Exterior Exposure Tests ofPaints and Coatings on Metal SubstratesD 1735 Practice for Testing Wat
7、er Resistance of CoatingsUsing Water Fog ApparatusD 2247 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in100 % Relative HumidityD 2803 Guide for Testing Filiform Corrosion Resistance ofOrganic Coatings on MetalD 4141 Practice for Conducting Black Box and Solar Con-centrating Exposures of Coating
8、sD 4585 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of CoatingsUsing Controlled CondensationD 4587 Practice for Fluorescent UV-Condensation Expo-sures of Paint and Related CoatingsD 6695 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposures of Paint andRelated Coatings3E3 Practice for Preparation of Metallographic SpecimensG8
9、5 Practice for Modified Salt Spray (Fog) TestingG87 Practice for Conducting Moist SO2Tests2.2 ANSI Standard:B94.50 Single-Point Cutting Tools, Basic Nomenclatureand Definitions for43. Significance and Use3.1 This method provides a means of evaluating and com-paring basic corrosion performance of the
10、 substrate, pretreat-ment, or coating system, or combination thereof, after exposureto corrosive environments.4. Apparatus4.1 Scribing Tools:4.1.1 Lathe Tool TypeHigh speed tool steel or tungstencarbide thread cutting lathe tool bit with a cutting tip having a60 included angle. ANSI B94.50, Style E
11、has been found tomeet these requirements. (See Fig. 1.) The tool bit is typicallymounted in a holder such as a wooden file handle to facilitatethe scribing operation.4.1.2 Pencil TypePencil shaped device, with a high speedtool steel or tungsten carbide scribing tip. Typically thegripping surface is
12、knurled. The tip may be replaceable orpermanent.4.1.3 Other TypesOther types of scribing instrumentswhich use a knife type blade such as a scalpel, razor blade, boxcutter knife, or other sharp pointed tool are not acceptableunless agreed upon between the producer and the user.1This method is under t
13、he jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint andRelated Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.25 on Evaluation of Weathering Effects.Current edition approved March 1, 2005. Published April 2005. Originallyapproved in 1959. Last previous edition a
14、pproved in 2000 as D 1654 92 (2000).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.4Available fro
15、m American National Standards Institute, 13th Floor, 11 W. 42ndSt., New York, NY 10036.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.2 StraightedgeAny straightedge of sufficient length andrigidity to guide the scribing tool in a
16、straight line.4.3 Air SourceA source of compressed air capable ofdelivering at least 4.72 L/s (10 ft3/min) at 552 kPa (80 psi).4.4 Air GunAn air dusting gun and nozzle combination5to meet the following specification:Air Consumption,m3/min (ft3/min)Pressure, kPa(psi)Nozzle Diameter,mm (in.)0.24 (8.4)
17、 550 (80) 3.0 (0.12)4.4.1 A guard consisting of barriers, baffles, or screens isrequired to protect the operator and other individuals near thearea where the air is being used. The guard must be placedbetween the air nozzle and the operator. A device such as asand-blasting cabinet has been found to
18、be acceptable.NOTE 1The use of an air gun without a guard is in violation of the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulation.4.5 Scraping ToolA rigid spatula, knife, or similar instru-ment with no sharp edges or sharp corners.4.6 ScaleAny rule with 1-mm divisions.5. Preliminary Tre
19、atment of Test Specimens5.1 Scribed Specimens:5.1.1 Where specified or agreed upon, prepare each speci-men for testing by scribing it in such a manner that the scribecan be exposed lengthwise when positioned in the test cabinet.This position will allow solution droplets to run lengthwisealong the sc
20、ribe.5.1.2 Scribe the specimen by holding the tool at approxi-mately a 70 to 90 angle to the surface with the upper end oftool holder inclined toward the operator. Position the tool sothat only the tip is in contact with the surface. (See Fig. 2.) Pullthe scribing tool to obtain a uniform V-cut thro
21、ugh the coatingthat is being tested. Inspect the tool frequently, using lowpower magnification, for dulling, chipping or wear and replaceor repair as needed. The scribe should be of sufficient length tocover the significant test area, but should not contact the edgeof the specimen. The scribe must p
22、enetrate all organic coatinglayers on the metal, leaving a uniformly bright line. The extentof scribe penetration through metal coatings, such as galvanize,should be agreed upon between the producer and user. The coilcoating industry typically requires scribes to penetrate allorganic coating layers
23、but not penetrate the metal coatinglayers. The automotive industry typically requires scribes topenetrate all organic and metal coating layers. The pencil typemay be less effective than the lathe tool type when scribingcoating systems consisting of multiple layers of organic coat-ings or coating sys
24、tems including metal layers. When scribingcoating systems consisting of multiple layers of organic coat-ings or coating systems including metal layers the depth andquality of scribe technique should be evaluated using the crosssection, castable plastic mount, polishing technique describedin Practice
25、 E3.Quality of the scribe technique may also beobserved with the aid of low-power magnification. Note, mark,and describe defects, coding, and flaws that may affect results.5.1.3 One cut may not be sufficient to cut multi-layerprotective coatings down to the metal. The use of more thanone cut must be
26、 agreed to between all concerned parties priorto scribing, and the number of cuts must be recorded in the testdocumentation. When multiple cuts are needed, each cut mustbe done in the same direction.5.1.4 Scribe lines other than those of a single, straight naturemay be used if agreed upon between th
27、e producer and the user.5.1.5 Expose scribed specimens in accordance with 6.1 andrate in accordance with Section 7.5.2 Unscribed SpecimensSpecimens coated with paintundercoats, oils, or waxes may be evaluated without a scribe.Expose such specimens in accordance with Section 6 and ratefor corrosion o
28、f the general surface in accordance with Section8.5.3 Cut EdgesCut edges of panels may be exposed duringtesting, or protected by wax, tape, or other means as agreedupon between the producer and the user. If left unprotected,method of shearing panel edges should be agreed uponbetween the producer and
29、 user, noting whether edges areoriented in the “burr up” or “burr down” configuration.5.4 DeformationDeformation of test panels prior to ex-posure, if desired, should be agreed upon between the producerand user.6. Exposure of Test Specimens6.1 Expose test specimens in accordance with one or moreof t
30、he following test methods or practices: B117, D 610,D 714, D 822, D 870, D 1014, D 1735, D 2247, D 2803,D 4141, D 4585, D 4587, D 6695, G85, G87, or any otherapplicable test method, as agreed upon between the producer5Spray gun and nozzles, Model No.AA23LTP0020 have been found satisfactoryand may be
31、 obtained from Spray Systems Co., North Avenue at Schmale Road,Wheaton, IL 60187. Equivalents may be used.FIG. 1 Scribe ToolFIG. 2 Scribing Tool in ActionD1654052and the user. The length of test and evaluation intervals shouldbe agreed upon prior to exposure of specimens.7. Procedure AEvaluation of
32、Scribed Specimens7.1 Method 1 (Air Blow-Off )Rinse each specimen aftercompletion of the exposure period, using a gentle stream ofwater at a temperature up to 45C (110F). Holding the nozzleat approximately a 45 angle, blow along the entire scribe line,disturbing the surface adjacent to the scribe mec
33、hanically bythe air nozzle to ensure an opening for the air blast. Completethe air blasting within 15 min of specimen removal from theexposure cabinet. If the air blasting cannot be completed withinthe prescribed time, immerse the specimens in water at roomtemperature or store in a plastic bag to av
34、oid any drying effect.7.2 Method 2 (Scraping)Rinse the specimen aftercompletion of the exposure period, using a gentle stream ofwater at a temperature up to 45C (110F). Scrape thespecimen vigorously with an instrument described in 4.5 whileunder the gentle stream of the rinse water. Hold the scraper
35、with its face perpendicular to the specimen surface and parallelto the scribe, moving it back and forth across the scribe toremove the coating that has been undercut and has suffered lossof adhesion only, not to remove the coating that still hasadhesion. Complete the scraping within 15 min of specim
36、enremoval from the exposure cabinet. If scraping cannot becompleted within the prescribed time, immerse the specimensin water at room temperature or store in a plastic bag to avoidany drying effect.NOTE 2Rinsing, scraping, or air blow off may not be appropriate inall cases, such as for interim ratin
37、gs in continuing tests. Alternativemethods may be used if agreed upon between the producer and the user.7.3 RatingRate the corrosion or loss of paint extendingfrom a scribe mark as prescribed in Table 1. Record therepresentative mean, maximum, and minimum creepage fromthe scribe, and note whether or
38、 not the maximum is an isolatedspot. Record creep values in millimeters, inches, or ratingnumbers, as agreed upon between producer and user.7.3.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon by the producer anduser, scribe creepage is defined as “one sided,” that is, from theoriginal scribe line to the creepage fro
39、nt. Also, rate in accor-dance with Table 2 the prevalence of corrosion on areasremoved from the scribe.8. Procedure BEvaluation of Unscribed Areas8.1 Rinse the specimen after completion of the exposureperiod (Section 6), using a gentle stream of water at atemperature up to 40C (100F). Dry the surfac
40、e of thespecimen with paper towels or compressed air. Drying shouldbe done in such a manner that the corrosion on the specimensurface is not disturbed.8.2 Evaluate unscribed specimens for corrosion spots, blis-ters, and any other types of failure that may occur. Where thecharacter of the failure per
41、mits, the photographic blisterstandards given in Test Method D 714 may be used to describethe results of the exposure test, with respect to size of blistersor corroded areas, while Test Method D 610 may serve todescribe the frequency and distribution of rusting. Record thesize, frequency, or area af
42、fected. Discount corrosion within12.7 mm (12 in.) of edges.8.3 RatingRecord percent failed area or convert percentfailure to rating numbers in accordance with Table 2 as agreedupon between the producer and user.NOTE 3Formation of under-film corrosion may be evaluated andreported in accordance with T
43、able 2 if the film is first carefully strippedwith a neutral stripper. Exercise care to avoid alteration of the corrosionpattern or pretreatment.NOTE 4Where the character of the failure permits, the photographicblister standards given in Test Method D 714 may be used to describe theresults of the ex
44、posure test, in respect to size of blisters or corroded areas,while Test Method D 610 may serve to describe the frequency anddistribution, if desired.9. Procedure CEvaluation of Unprotected Edges9.1 If paint creepage from cut edges is tested, rate thecorrosion or loss of paint extending from a cut e
45、dge in the samemanner described for scribes in Procedure A.10. Procedure DEvaluation of Formed Areas10.1 If tested samples contain bends, dimples, or otherformed areas of interest, rate the extent of failure at these areasseparately in the same manner described in Procedure B, or asagreed upon betwe
46、en the producer and user.11. Report11.1 The report shall include the following information,unless otherwise agreed upon between the producer and user:11.1.1 All pertinent information regarding the conduct ofeach corrosion test, as prescribed in the specifications for eachtest,TABLE 1 Rating of Failu
47、re at Scribe (Procedure A)Representative Mean Creepage From ScribeMillimetresInches(Approximate)RatingNumberZero 0 10Over 0 to 0.5 0 to164 9Over 0.5 to 1.0164 to132 8Over 1.0 to 2.0132 to116 7Over 2.0 to 3.0116 to18 6Over 3.0 to 5.018 to316 5Over 5.0 to 7.0316 to14 4Over 7.0 to 10.014 to38 3Over 10.
48、0 to 13.038 to12 2Over 13.0 to 16.012 to58 1Over 16.0 to more58 to more 0TABLE 2 Rating of Unscribed Areas (Procedure B)Area Failed, % Rating NumberNo failure 100to1 92to3 84to6 77to10 611 to 20 521 to 30 431 to 40 341 to 55 256 to 75 1Over 75 0D165405311.1.2 Methods of scribing, shearing, or formin
49、g, or com-bination thereof, or test specimens.11.1.3 Ratings of test specimens, including procedure(s)employed.12. Precision and Bias12.1 PrecisionSince this is a method of evaluation basedon measurements after various tests, the statement of precisionapplicable to each specific method of exposure to corrosiveenvironments applies.13. Keywords13.1 blistering; corrosion; creepage; edge/scribe; paints/related coatings/materials; rustASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection
