1、Designation: D 1766 05Standard Test Method forRubber ChemicalsSolubility1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1766; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses
2、 indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers a practical test for the solubilityof commercial chemicals used in rubber products.1.2 It is not a true measure of solubility, sinc
3、e equilibrium isnot approached from both sides, that is, higher temperature andlower temperature.1.3 The test method indicates the total solubility, under theconditions of the test, of all components in the presence of eachother and in the proportions present in the sample.1.4 This test method does
4、not measure the solubility of arubber chemical in rubber.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.6 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsib
5、ilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E 145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-Ventilation Ovens3. Summary of Test Method3.1 T
6、he test specimen is shaken in a specified volume of adesired solvent at a specified time and temperature. Solids areallowed to settle and a specified aliquot of the clear supernatantsolvent is quantitatively removed, the solvent evaporated, andthe mass of the residue obtained. From the masses of the
7、residue and original specimen, the solubility of the specimen isobtained by calculation.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method may be used as a raw materialquality-control tool.5. Apparatus5.1 Containers, capacity approximately 100 cm3(4-oz),glass, screw caps with metal foil liners.5.2 Weighing
8、 Bottles, 50-cm3, ground-glass, low-form, withcovers.5.3 Mechanical Shaker.5.4 Steam Bath.5.5 Oven, constant-temperature, controllable, 110C max inaccordance with Type B of Specification E 145.6. Procedure6.1 Place 50 cm3of the desired solvent in each of twosuitable containers described in 5.1. Add,
9、 with shaking, asufficient test specimen of the organic chemical in the “as-received” condition to each of the bottles to give apparentsaturation, and then add about 25 % more. Close both bottlestightly and place in a mechanical shaker, at room temperature,for a minimum of 4 h.6.2 Hold at 23 6 0.5C
10、with occasional shaking for aminimum of an additional 4 h. If a significant quantity of solidsis not in evidence at this point in both bottles, add 25 % moreof the organic chemical to each bottle and repeat both shakingcycles.6.3 Allow the solids to settle and while maintaining thetemperature of the
11、 solution at 23 6 0.5C, remove this solutionby pipetting 25-cm3aliquots from each of the bottles througha suitable filter stick (Note 1). Transfer the contents of thepipets into each of two tared, ground-glass, low-form, 50-cm3,covered weighing bottles. Call the tare masses A. Cover theweighing bott
12、les immediately. Weigh the bottles and solution.Call these masses B.NOTE 1A filter stick may be made by wiring a small piece of mediumgrade filter paper over the end of a pipet with fine wire. The filter paper1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D11 on Rubberand is the direc
13、t responsibility of Subcommittee D11.11 on Chemical Analysis.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published October 2005. Originallyapproved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 176601.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Ser
14、vice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.should be removed before emptying the pipet
15、. A pressure-type apparatusmay also be used to fill the pipet.6.4 Remove the covers and evaporate the solvent on a steambath. Then place the bottles in an oven maintained at atemperature at least 10C below the melting point of theproduct (but in no case higher than 110C), and dry to constantmass. Pl
16、ace the bottles in a covered desiccator until cool, andthen weigh. Call these masses C.7. Calculation7.1 The solubility may be calculated as follows:Massgof25cm3of solution at 23C 5 B 2 A (1)Mass g of solute in 25 cm3solution at 23C 5 C 2 A (2)Solubility in grams of solute per 100 cm3of solution at
17、23C5 C 2 A! 3 4 (3)Solubility may also be expressed as follows:Mass g of solvent in 25 cm3of solution at 23C 5 B 2 C (4)Let D 5 density of solvent at 23/4C. Then:Solubility in grams solute per 100 g of solution at 23C5 C 2 A!/B 2 A!# 3 100 (5)Solubility in grams solute per 100 cm3of solvent at 23C5
18、C 2 A!/B 2 C!# 3 D 3 100 (6)Solubility in grams solute per 100 g of solvent at 23C5 C 2 A!/B 2 C!# 3 100 (7)8. Report8.1 Solubility shall be reported as indicated in Table 1.8.2 The solvent used shall be specified.9. Precision and Bias9.1 PrecisionThe two net masses of solute should agreewithin 10 %
19、 of each other. If not, the test should be repeated.If agreement within 10 % is obtained, the average mass ofsolute should be used.9.2 BiasNo statement about bias is being made at thistime.10. Keywords10.1 rubber chemicals; solubilityASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of an
20、y patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to rev
21、ision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your
22、 comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyr
23、ighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org
24、 (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).TABLE 1 Code for Reporting Solubility Test ResultsDescriptiveCodeDescriptionRange of Solubility,kg/m3P Ins practically insoluble 0.1SS slightly soluble 0.1 to 1.0MS moderately soluble 1.0 to 5.0S soluble 5.0 to 10.0VS very soluble 10.0 and overD1766052
