ASTM D1822-2006 Standard Test Method for Tensile-Impact Energy to Break Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials《对断裂塑料及电绝缘材料的拉伸冲击能量的标准测试方法》.pdf
《ASTM D1822-2006 Standard Test Method for Tensile-Impact Energy to Break Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials《对断裂塑料及电绝缘材料的拉伸冲击能量的标准测试方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D1822-2006 Standard Test Method for Tensile-Impact Energy to Break Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials《对断裂塑料及电绝缘材料的拉伸冲击能量的标准测试方法》.pdf(10页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D 1822 06Standard Test Method forTensile-Impact Energy to Break Plastics and ElectricalInsulating Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, th
2、e year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the energyrequired to rupture standard tension-impact specime
3、ns ofplastic or electrical insulating materials. Materials that can betested by this test method are those too flexible or too thin tobe tested in accordance with Test Methods D 256, as well asmore rigid materials.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in b
4、rackets are for information only.NOTE 1This test method is not equivalent to ISO 8256, and resultscannot be directly compared between the two methods.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this
5、standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod PendulumImpact Resistance of PlasticsD 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics
6、for TestingD 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1822 Test Method for Tensile-Impact Energy to BreakPlastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD 1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics3D 4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Mate-rial
7、sD 4066 Classification System for Nylon Injection and Ex-trusion Materials (PA)E23 Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing ofMetallic Materials3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions of terms applying to this testmethod appear in Terminology D 883.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The energy utilize
8、d in this test method is delivered by asingle swing of a calibrated pendulum of a standardizedtension-impact machine. The energy to fracture by shock intension is determined by the kinetic energy extracted from thependulum of an impact machine in the process of breaking thespecimen. One end of the s
9、pecimen is mounted in the pendu-lum. The other end of the specimen is gripped by a crossheadwhich travels with the pendulum until the instant of impact andinstant of maximum pendulum kinetic energy, when thecrosshead is arrested.5. Significance and Use5.1 Tensile-impact energy is the energy required
10、 to break astandard tension-impact specimen in tension by a single swingof a standard calibrated pendulum under a set of standardconditions (Note 2). In order to compensate for the minordifferences in cross-sectional area of the specimens as they willoccur in the preparation of the specimens, the en
11、ergy to breakcan be normalized to units of kilojoules per square metre (orfoot-pounds-force per square inch) of minimum cross-sectionalarea.An alternative approach to normalizing the impact energythat compensates for these minor differences and still retainsthe test unit as joules foot-pounds is sho
12、wn in Section 11. Fora perfectly elastic material the impact energy might be reportedper unit volume of material undergoing deformation. However,since much of the energy to break the plastic materials forwhich this test method is written is dissipated in drawing ofonly a portion of the test region,
13、such normalization on avolume basis is not feasible. The test method permits twospecimen geometries so that the effect of elongation or rate ofextension, or both, upon the result can be observed. With theType S (short) specimen the extension is comparatively low,while with the Type L (long) specimen
14、 the extension is1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plasticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties.Current edition approved March 15, 2006. Published March 2006. Originallyapproved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 1
15、999 as D 1822 - 99.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn1*A Summary of Changes section a
16、ppears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United Sparatively high. In general, the Type S specimen (with itsgreater occurrence of brittle fracture) gives greater reproduc-ibility, but less differentiation am
17、ong materials. Results ob-tained with different capacity machines may not be compa-rable.NOTE 2Friction losses are largely eliminated by careful design andproper operation of the testing machine. Attention is drawn to TestMethods E23for a general discussion of impact equipment and proce-dures.5.2 Th
18、e scatter of data may be due to different failuremechanisms within a group of specimens. Some materials mayexhibit a transition between different failure mechanisms; if so,the elongation will be critically dependent on the rate ofextension encountered in the test. The impact energy values fora group
19、 of such specimens will have an abnormally largedispersion. Some materials retract at failure with insignificantpermanent set. With such materials it may not be possible todetermine the type of failure, ductile, or brittle, by examiningthe broken pieces.Aset of specimens may sometimes be sortedinto
20、two groups by observing the broken pieces to ascertainwhether or not there was necking during the test. Qualitatively,the strain rates encountered here are intermediate between thehigh rate of the Izod test of Test Methods D 256 and the lowrate of usual tension testing in accordance with Test Method
21、D 638.5.3 The energy for fracture is a function of the force timesthe distance through which the force operates. Thus, twomaterials may have properties that result in equal tensile-impact energies on the same specimen geometry, arising in onecase from a large force associated with a small elongation
22、 andin the other from a small force associated with a largeelongation. It cannot be assumed that this test method willcorrelate with other tests or end uses unless such a correlationhas been established by experiment.5.4 Comparisons among specimens from different sourcescan be made with confidence o
23、nly to the extent that specimenpreparation, for example, molding history, has been preciselyduplicated. Comparisons between molded and machined speci-mens must not be made without first establishing quantitativelythe differences inherent between the two methods of prepara-tion.5.5 Only results from
24、specimens of nominally equal thick-ness and tab width shall be compared unless it has been shownthat the tensile-impact energy normalized to kilojoules persquare metre or foot-pounds-force per square inch of cross-sectional area is independent of the thickness over the range ofthicknesses under cons
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