1、Designation: D 226/D 226M 09Standard Specification forAsphalt-Saturated Organic Felt Used in Roofing andWaterproofing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 226/D 226M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、 the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification cover
3、s asphalt-saturated organic felts,with or without perforations, intended to be used with asphaltsconforming to the requirements of Specification D 312 in theconstruction of built-up roofs, and with asphalts conforming tothe requirements of Specification D 449 in the construction ofwater proofing sys
4、tems.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformance
5、with the standard.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 8, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish
6、appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D70 Test Method for Density of Semi-Solid BituminousMaterials (Pycnometer Method)D 146 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Bitumen-Saturated Fel
7、ts and Woven Fabrics for Roofing and Wa-terproofingD 312 Specification for Asphalt Used in RoofingD 449 Specification for Asphalt Used in Dampproofing andWaterproofingD 1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproof-ingD 6136 Test Method for Kerosine Number of Unsaturated(Dry) Felt by Vacuum Me
8、thod3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this speci-fication, refer to Terminology D 1079.4. Classification4.1 Asphalt-saturated felts covered by this specification areof two types:4.1.1 Type ICommonly called No. 15 asphalt felt.4.1.2 Type IICommonly called No. 30 asphalt fe
9、lt.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 In the process of manufacture a single thickness of dryfelt shall be saturated with an asphaltic saturant.5.2 The felt shall be produced principally from organicfibers. The surface of the felt shall be uniform and relativelysmooth. Upon splitting or tearing on the
10、bias, the felt shallappear reasonably free of lumps or particles of foreign sub-stances.6. Physical Requirements6.1 The material shall conform to the physical requirementsprescribed in Table 1 and the dimensions and masses pre-scribed in Table 2.6.2 The finished product shall not crack nor be so sti
11、cky asto cause tearing or other damage upon being unrolled attemperatures between 10 and 60C 50 and 140F.6.3 Perforated felts shall conform to the same requirementsas the plain type but shall also have uniformly spaced perfo-rations.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 The felt shall be thoroug
12、hly and uniformly saturated,and shall show no unsaturated spots at any point upon cutting50-mm 2-in. wide strips at random across the entire sheet andsplitting them open for their full length.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 onRoofing and Waterproofing and is the d
13、irect responsibility of Subcommittee D08.04on Felts and Fabrics.Current edition approved July 1, 2009. Published July 2009. Originally approvedin 1925. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D 226 06.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Ser
14、vice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.7.2 The surface of the felt shall not be co
15、ated or coveredwith talc or other substance that would tend to interfere withadhesion between the felt and plying cement or bitumen.7.3 The finished material shall be free of visible externaldefects, such as holes, ragged or untrue edges, breaks, cracks,tears, protuberances and indentations, except
16、for intentionallyprovided perforations and the associated protuberances.8. Sampling and Test Methods8.1 Sample the material and determine the properties enu-merated in this specification in accordance with Test MethodsD 146.8.2 Determine the openness of the perforations in saturatedfelts by the foll
17、owing method:8.2.1 Cut three adjacent 305-mm 12-in. 6 0.5 % squarespecimens across the width of the felt. Determine the numberof perforations per specimen by multiplying the number ofperforations per row by the number of rows. Correct fordifferences when rows are off-set from each other. Calculateth
18、e average number of perforations per specimen, P.8.2.2 Place the specimen on a sheet of white paper with thesmoother side up (side from which the needling or perforatingdevice enters the felt). Use a 50-mm 2-in. wide natural ornylon bristle paint brush to apply uniformly 15 to 20 cm31 to114 in.3 of
19、SAE No. 10 or 10W grade motor oil to eachspecimen. Apply the oil with smooth strokes and withoutundue pressure on the brush. Complete the initial application in1 min and continue to brush out the oil on the surface for anadditional minute.8.2.3 Lift the perforated felt from the paper upon comple-tio
20、n of brushing and count the oil spots showing on the whitepaper beneath as open perforations. Calculate the percent ofopen holes, H, on the basis of the total number of holesdetermined in 8.2.1.Average the results of three determinationsand report.8.2.4 Measure the size of the perforations using an
21、opticalcomparitor. If round, record diameter of the holes. If square orrectangular, record appropriate dimensions. Calculate the av-erage area, A, of the perforations.8.2.5 Determine the average venting area as follows:V 5P 3 A 3 HS(1)where:V = vented area, %P = average number of perforations per sp
22、ecimen,A = average area at one hole, mm2in.2,H = average open holes, %, andS = average specimen area, mm2in.2.8.2.6 No statement is made about either the precision or thebias of this method of determining the openness of theperforations in saturated felts since the result merely stateswhether there
23、is conformance to the criteria for successspecified in the procedure.8.3 Determine the saturation percent and saturation effi-ciency by the following method:8.3.1 Calculate the percent saturation by dividing the massof the saturant by the mass of the desaturated (dry) felt, andmultiply the result by
24、 100.8.3.2 Determine the kerosine number of the desaturated(dry) felt in accordance with Test Method D 6136.8.3.3 Calculate the saturation efficiency by dividing thepercent saturation of the product by the kerosine number timesthe specific gravity of the saturant, and multiply the result byTABLE 1 P
25、hysical Requirements of Asphalt-Saturated Roofing FeltType I Type IIAverage breaking strength, min, kN/m lbf/in. of width:With fiber grainAcross fiber grain5.3 302.6 157.0 403.5 20Pliability at 25C 77FThe ten strips tested shall not crack when bent 90at a uniform speed over a rounded corner of:12.7-
26、mm 12-in. radius 19.1-mm 34-in. radiusLoss on heating at 105C 221F for 5 h, max, % 4 4TABLE 2 Dimensions and Masses of Asphalt-Saturated Roofing FeltType I Type IIWidth of roll, mm in. 914 36 6 0.7 % or as agreed upon by purchaser and sellerArea of roll, min, m2ft2 20.1 216 or 40.1 432A20.1 216AMois
27、ture, at point of manufacture, max %B4.3 4.1Net mass of saturated felt, min, g/m2lb/100 ft2 560 11.5 1270 26Mass of saturant, min, g/m2lb/100 ft2C303 6.2 732 15.0Mass of desaturated felt, min, g/m2lb/100 ft2 254 5.2 488 10.0Ash, max, % 10.0 10.0Perforated felt, avg, area of individual hole, max, mm2
28、in.2 32 0.05 .Average venting area, min, % 0.1 .AOther areas as agreed upon by purchaser and seller.BAt time of manufacture. Products with a higher moisture content at the time of installation may cause hot materials to foam, creating voids that may result in blisters.CThe mass of saturant shall not
29、 be less than 1.2 times the mass of the dry felt for Type I with a saturation efficiency of not less than 70 %. The mass of the saturantshall not be less than 1.50 times the mass of dry felt for Type II.D 226/D 226M 092100. A suitable method for determining the specific gravity ofbitumen is Test Met
30、hod D70.8.3.4 The precision and bias of this method for measuringkerosine value are as specified in Test Method D 6136.9. Inspection9.1 InspectionInspection shall be in accordance with therequirements of this specification.9.2 Inspection AlternativesAlternative inspection require-ments shall be dete
31、rmined by and as agreed upon between thepurchaser and the supplier.10. Rejection and Resubmittal10.1 Failure to ConformFailure to conform to any of therequirements as stated in this specification constitutes groundsfor rejection.10.2 Rejection RedressThe supplier shall have the rightto inspect the r
32、ejected materials. The supplier and the purchasershall agree to the quantity of rolls deemed unacceptable. Thesupplier shall then have the right to submit the same number ofnew rolls as replacement.11. Packaging and Package Marking11.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon between the supplier andpurchaser,
33、each product package shall be plainly marked withthe suppliers name, the product brand, the ASTM designation,and type of bitumen if not evident in the label name of theproduct.11.2 The rolls shall be securely wrapped or banded in amanner that completely encircles the roll and will preventslipping or
34、 unrolling.11.3 No roll shall contain more than two pieces, and nomore than 3 % of the rolls in any lot shall contain two pieces.If a roll contains a manufacturing splice, the splice shall beclearly marked.12. Keywords12.1 asphalt; built-up roofs; organic felt; waterproofingASTM International takes
35、no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own respo
36、nsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed
37、 to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the a
38、ddress shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 226/D 226M 093
