1、Designation: D 452 91 (Reapproved 2008)Standard Test Method forSieve Analysis of Surfacing for Asphalt Roofing Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 452; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the particlesize distribution of surfacing material, other than m
3、ineralgranules, such as sand, mica, talc, or other powdered or flakymineral particles, used on both sides of “smooth” roll roofingand on the reverse side of asphalt shingles and mineral-surfaced roll roofing.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values in parentheses a
4、re mathematical conver-sions to inch-pound units that are provide for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-pria
5、te safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E11 Specification for Wire Cloth and Sieves for TestingPurposes3. Summary of Test Method3.1 A weighed sample of surfacing material is separatedthrough a s
6、eries of sieves of progressively smaller openings forthe determination with particle size distribution.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method is used to determine the grading ofmaterials used as surfacing. The results are used to determinecompliance of the particle size distribution with applic
7、ablespecification requirements.5. Apparatus5.1 SievesA set of the sieves listed in Table 1, conformingto Specification E11. For routine testing, the group of sievesactually used shall include only those appropriate for thematerial being graded. Coarser or finer sieves, on which lessthan 0.05 mass %
8、of the specimen would be found aftersieving, need not be included in the group.NOTE 1For relatively coarse or flaky materials, such as coarse mica,sieves from 1.18-mm to 212-m (Nos. 16 to 70) inclusive, will usually befound suitable. For finer surfacing materials, such as fine mica or talcflour, sie
9、ves from 600 to 75-m (Nos. 30 to 200) inclusive, will usuallygive a satisfactory sieve analysis.5.2 Sieve ShakerA mechanically operated sieve shaker,which produces a uniform rotary motion and tapping actionwith 140 to 160 taps per minute. The sieve shaker shall be fittedwith a hard maple plug to rec
10、eive the impact of the tappingdevice. The entire apparatus shall be rigidly mounted bybolting to a solid foundation, preferably concrete.5.3 Sampling SplitterAriffle sampler with 9.5 or 12.7-mm(38 or12-in.) divisions, for reducing the sample to the specimenrequired for sieve analysis.5.4 Oven, capab
11、le of maintaining 105C (221F).5.5 BalanceA laboratory balance sensitive to 0.1 g.6. Sampling6.1 Each shipment of surfacing of a single type shall beconsidered a unit for sampling. If a shipment contains morethan one type, the entire quantity of each type in the vehicleshall be considered a unit for
12、sampling.6.2 Take the sample of surfacing shipped in bulk from thechute or conveyor while the vehicle is being loaded orunloaded. The ideal place is just where the material drops fromthe chute or belt. Collect equal portions from the full width and1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM C
13、ommittee D08 on Roofingand Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02 onPrepared Roofings, Shingles and Siding Materials.Current edition approved July 1, 2008. Published July 2008. Originally approvedin 1937. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 452 91 (2002).2For r
14、eferenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.TABLE 1 Report FormRetained on Sieve Passing Sieve Percent1.70-mm (
15、No. 12) . . .1.18-mm (No. 16) 1.70-mm (No. 12)A.850-m (No. 20) 1.18-mm (No. 16) .600-m (No. 30) 850-m (No. 20) .425-m (No. 40) 600-m (No. 30) .300-m (No. 50) 425-m (No. 40) .212-m (No. 70) 300-m (No. 50) .150-m (No. 100) 212-m (No. 70) .75-m (No. 200) 150-m (No. 100) .75-m (No. 200) .Total .ADesigna
16、tes U.S. Standard Sieve.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.thickness of the stream at regular intervals, with such fre-quency that a minimum of five samples will be taken and thetotal mass of the sample will be not less
17、than 7.3 kg (16 lb). Donot allow the sampling receptacle to overflow under anycircumstances. Overflow would tend to reject a higher propor-tion of the large particles than the small ones, and a represen-tative sample would not be obtained. The sample should notinclude the initial material discharged
18、 from the chute orconveyor.6.3 Take the sample from a shipment of surfacing shipped inbags, selected at random and equal in number to the cube rootof the total number of bags in the vehicle. Collect equalportions of not less than 0.23 kg (0.5 lb) from each of the bagstaken from sampling and combine.
19、7. Test Specimen7.1 Reduce the sample by riffling to a specimen of 100 to112 g. Use the entire specimen obtained from reduction of thesample for the sieve analysis.8. Procedure8.1 Assemble the group of sieves selected from Table 1 inorder, with the sieve having the largest opening at the top andthe
20、one having the smallest opening at the bottom. Add a solidcollecting pan below the bottom sieve. Dry the test specimen inan oven at about 105C (221F) for 2 h. Remove from theoven, cool in a desiccator, and then weigh to within 60.1 g.Place the specimen in the topmost sieve and complete theassembly b
21、y placing a solid cover over the top sieve. Securelyfasten the sieve assembly in the mechanical sieve-shakingdevice (see 5.2).8.2 Pass the specimen through the assembled group ofsieves by subjecting it to the action of the sieve shaker for aperiod of 20 6 1 min. At the end of this period, remove the
22、solid collecting pan containing the portion of the materialpassing the finest sieve and weigh the contents to within 60.1g. Then reassemble the collecting pan with the sieves andcontinue shaking for an additional 10 min. At the end of thisperiod remove the collecting pan and weigh the contents again
23、.If the additional material passing the finest sieve during thissecond shaking period does not exceed 0.5 mass % of thespecimen, consider the sieving complete. If it does exceed0.5 %, reassemble the collecting pan and sieves and shake forsuccessive additional 10-min periods, weighing the materialcol
24、lected in the pan after each period of shaking, until theamount passing the finest sieve in a 10-min shaking period isless than 0.5 mass % of the specimen.8.3 Carefully remove the portion of the specimen retainedon each of the sieves and on the pan, and weigh each portionto within 60.1 g.9. Report9.
25、1 Report the results of the sieve analysis to the nearest0.1 % (omitting the results for those sieves on which less than0.05 mass % of the test specimen was collected), as illustratedin Table 1.9.2 The sum of the percentages reported shall be 100 61.5 %.10. Precision and Bias10.1 A retest made after
26、 recombining a freshly screenedsample by the same operator using the same sieves should giveresults within 61 percentage point of the results previouslyobtained on each sieve. For example, if 25.0 % was retainedoriginally on the 212-m (No. 70) sieve, a retest should givebetween 24.0 and 26.0 %.11. K
27、eywords11.1 asphalt roofing; mineral; sieve; surfacingASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent r
28、ights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either f
29、or revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair heari
30、ng you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 452 91 (2008)2
