1、Designation: D709 16D709 17Standard Specification forLaminated Thermosetting Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D709; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in
2、 parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers laminated thermosetting materia
3、ls consisting of two or more plies or layers of reinforcing materialbonded by a thermosetting synthetic resin. Examples of such reinforcement are cellulose paper, cotton fabric, glass fabric, andsynthetic fiber fabrics. These materials are available in the form of sheets, rolled and molded tubes, an
4、d molded rods.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.NOTE 1This specification resembles IEC 60893-3 in title only. The content is significantly different.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification. T
5、his standard does notpurport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international
6、 standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2.
7、 Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D229 Test Methods for Rigid Sheet and Plate Materials Used for Electrical InsulationD257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of Insulating MaterialsD348 Test Methods for Rigid Tubes Used for Electrical InsulationD349 Test Methods for Laminated Round
8、 Rods Used for Electrical InsulationD495 Test Method for High-Voltage, Low-Current, Dry Arc Resistance of Solid Electrical InsulationD621 Test Methods for Deformation of Plastics Under Load (Withdrawn 1994)3D668 Test Methods of Measuring Dimensions of Rigid Rods and Tubes Used for Electrical Insulat
9、ionD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1180 Method of Test for Warpage of Sheet Plastics (Withdrawn 1988)3D1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical InsulationD2303 Test Methods for Liquid-Contaminant, Inclined-Plane Tracking and Erosion of Insulating MaterialsD2304 Test Method for Thermal Endurance
10、 of Rigid Electrical Insulating MaterialsD3636 Practice for Sampling and Judging Quality of Solid Electrical Insulating MaterialsD6054 Practice for Conditioning Electrical Insulating Materials for Testing (Withdrawn 2012)32.2 IEEE Standards:41 General Principles for Temperature Limits in the Rating
11、of Electric Equipment98 Guide for the Preparation of Test Procedures for the Thermal Evaluation and Establishment of Temperature Indices of SolidElectrical Insulating Materials99 Guide for the Preparation of Test Procedures for the Thermal Evaluation of Insulation Systems for Electric Equipment1 Thi
12、s specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD09.07 on Electrical Insulating Materials.Current edition approved March 1, 2016April 1, 2017. Published March 2016April 2017. Originally
13、approved in 1943. Last previous edition approved in 2013 asD709 13.D709 16. DOI: 10.1520/D0709-16.10.1520/D0709-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to th
14、e standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.4 Available from Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE), 445 Hoes Ln., P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08854-1331, http:/www.ieee.org.This
15、 document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior edition
16、s as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. U
17、nited States1101 Guide for the Statistical Analysis of Thermal Life Test Data2.3 NEMA Standards:5LI 1-1971 Industrial Laminated Thermosetting ProductsLI 5-1969 Temperature Indices of Industrial Thermosetting LaminatesLI 3-1961 High-Temperature Properties of Industrial Thermosetting Laminates2.4 Mili
18、tary Specifications:6MIL-P-997MIL-I-24768 Plastic Material, Laminated, Thermosetting, Electric Insulation, Sheets, Glass Cloth, SiliconeResinInsulation, Plastics, Laminated, Thermosetting, General Specifications forMIL-P-15035 Plastic Sheet, Laminated, Thermosetting, Cotton-Fabric-Base, Phenolic-Res
19、inMIL-P-15037 Plastic Sheet, Laminated, Thermosetting, Glass-Cloth, Melamine-ResinMIL-P-15047 Plastic Material, Laminated Thermosetting Sheets, Nylon Fabric Base, Phenolic-ResinMIL-P-18177 Plastic Sheet, Laminated, Thermosetting, Glass Fibre Base, Epoxy-ResinMIL-P-22324 Plastic Sheet, Thermosetting,
20、 Paper-Base, Epoxy-Resin2.5 Federal Specifications:L-P-513 Plastic Sheet and Insulation Sheet, Electrical (Laminated, Thermosetting, Paper-Base, Phenolic-Resin)6L-P-509 Plastic Sheet, Rod and Tube, Laminated Thermosetting62.5 IEC Standard:Publication 60893-3 Specification for Industrial Laminated Sh
21、eets Based on Thermosetting Resins for Electrical Purposes73. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this specification, refer to Terminologies D883 or D1711.4. Types and Grades4.1 Laminated materials covered by this specification are classified in accordance with the types of re
22、inforcement used in theirmanufacture, and the electrical, mechanical, and heat-resisting characteristics of the finished products (Note 2).NOTE 2Further descriptive information regarding these various types and grades of laminated thermosetting materials is given in Table 1 andAppendix X1 Appendix X
23、3. Appendix X3 also includes tables covering engineering information on other properties of the various grades of laminatedthermosetting products that are not included in these specification requirements.5. Forms5.1 Laminated thermosetting materials are available in four forms: sheets, tubes (Note 3
24、), rods (Note 4), and molded shapes(Note 5), as indicated in Table 2. This specification covers the material in three forms: sheets, tubes of two classes (rolled andmolded), and molded rods. The classes of tubes desired shall be specified by the purchaser in the contract or order. In cases wherethe
25、purchaser desires a particular class of molded rod the purchaser shall so specify.NOTE 3Tubes are made of laminations of fibrous sheet impregnated material, rolled upon mandrels under tension or between heated pressure rolls,or both. They are of two classes, rolled and molded. Rolled tubes are oven-
26、baked after rolling on the mandrels. Molded tubes are cured in molds underheat and pressure.NOTE 4Molded rods are composed of laminations of impregnated sheet material molded in cylindrical molds under heat and pressure, and thenground to size. Molded rods are of two classes made by winding the impr
27、egnated sheet convolutely before molding or by forming strips in the moldingoperation.Machined rods, manufactured from certain grades of sheet material, are not covered by this specification. In rods machined from sheets, the laminationsare parallel chords of a circular cross-section. In general, th
28、e properties of these rods conform to those of the grade of sheet stock from which they arecut. This type of rod has the potential to be low in flexural strength when stress is applied perpendicular to the lamination.NOTE 5Molded shapes are composed of impregnated sheet materials cut into various si
29、zes and shapes to fit the contours of a mold, and molded underheat and pressure. In special cases some macerated material is used in combination with impregnated sheet materials, depending upon the design of thepiece. The requirements of this specification, particularly with regard to mechanical pro
30、perties, cannot be considered as applying to molded shapes, exceptfor rectangular and square tubes, since such properties will depend to a considerable extent upon the design of the piece.6. General Requirements6.1 Materials and WorkmanshipLaminated material shall be uniform in quality. It shall be
31、free of blisters, wrinkles, or cracksand shall be reasonably free of other small defects such as scratches, heat marks, and so forth, as defined in Terminology D883.Tubes of any grade having wall thickness greater than 12 in. (13 mm) and molded paper-base rods (Grades XX and XXX) havingdiameters gre
32、ater than 1 in. (25 mm) have the potential to show checks or cracks between the laminations on machined or sawededges.6.2 Finish and ColorRequirements for finish (Note 6) and color (Note 7) shall be as specified by the purchaser in the contractor order.5 Available from National Electrical Manufactur
33、ers Association (NEMA), 1300 N. 17th St., Suite 1752, Rosslyn, VA 22209, http:/www.nema.org.6 Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094 Attn: NPODS.7 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St
34、., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.D709 172TABLE 1 Types and Grades of Laminated Thermosetting MaterialsD709GradeDesignationMIL-P and LP MIL-I-24768 Specifica-tion Sheet Number and GradeDesignationADescriptionType ICellulose Paper-Base Phenolic Resin (Unless Noted)X . mechanicalX /
35、12 Type PBM mechanicalXP . mechanical; hot-punching stockXP /19 Type PBM-P mechanical; hot-punching stockXPC . mechanical; cold-punching and cold-shearing stockXPC /20 Type PBM-PC mechanical; cold-punching and cold-shearing stockXX L-P-513, Type PBG electrical and mechanicalXX /11 Type PBG electrica
36、l and mechanicalXXP . electrical and mechanical; hot-punching stockXXP /21 Type PBG-P electrical and mechanical; hot-punching stockXXX L-P-513, Type PBE electrical and high humidityXXX /10 Type PBE electrical and high humidityXXXP L-P-513, Type PBE-P electrical and high humidity; hot-punching stockX
37、XXP /22 Type PBE-P electrical and high humidity; hot-punching stockXXXPC L-P-513, Type PBE-P punchable at lower temperature than Grade XXXPXXXPC /23 Type PBE-P punchable at lower temperature than Grade XXXPFR-1 . paper-base, flame-resistant, similar to Grade XPFR-1 /24 Type PBM-PF paper-base, flame-
38、resistant, similar to Grade XPFR-2 . paper-base, flame-resistant, similar to Grade XXXPFR-2 /25 Type PBE-PCF paper-base, flame-resistant, similar to Grade XXXPFR-3 MIL-P-22324, Type PEE flame-resistant, epoxy resin; electrical and mechanicalFR-3 /26 Type PEE flame-resistant, epoxy resin; electrical
39、and mechanicalES-1 . mechanical; engraving stock usually melamine binderES-2 . mechanical; engraving stock usually melamine binderES-3 . mechanical; engraving stock usually melamine binderType IICellulose Fabric-Base Phenolic ResinC MIL-P-15035, Type FBM mechanicalC /16 Type FBM mechanicalCE MIL-P-1
40、5035, Type FBG mechanical and electricalCE /14 Type FBG mechanical and electricalL MIL-P-15035, Type FBI mechanical; fine machiningL /15 Type FBI mechanical; fine machiningLE MIL-P-15035, Type FBE mechanical and electrical; fine machiningLE /13 Type FBE mechanical and electrical; fine machiningType
41、IVGlass-BaseG-3 . continuous filament-type glass cloth; phenolic resin, general purposeG-3 /18 Type GPG continuous filament-type glass cloth; phenolic resin, general purposeG-5 . continuous filament-type glass cloth, melamine binder; general purpose;good arc and flame resistanceG-5 /8 Type GMG conti
42、nuous filament-type glass cloth, melamine binder; general purpose;good arc and flame resistanceG-7 MIL-P-997, Type GSG continuous filament-type glass cloth, silicone resin binder; good mechanicalstrength, heat and arc resistance; low dielectric losses and high insulationresistance under humid condit
43、ionsG-7 /17 Type GSG continuous filament-type glass cloth, silicone resin binder; good mechanicalstrength, heat and arc resistance; low dielectric losses and high insulationresistance under humid conditionsG-9 MIL-P-15037, Type GME continuous filament-glass cloth, melamine binder. Superior to Grade
44、G-5 un-der wet conditions, good arc and flame resistanceG-9 /1 Type GME continuous filament-glass cloth, melamine binder. Superior to Grade G-5 un-der wet conditions, good arc and flame resistanceG-10 MIL-P-18177, Type GEE continuous filament-type glass cloth, epoxy resin binder; high mechanicalstre
45、ngth good insulation resistance, dielectric loss, and dielectric strengthunder dry and humid conditionsG-10 /2 Type GEE continuous filament-type glass cloth, epoxy resin binder; high mechanicalstrength good insulation resistance, dielectric loss, and dielectric strengthunder dry and humid conditions
46、G-11 MIL-P-18177, Type GEB continuous filament-type glass cloth, heat-resistant epoxy binder; propertiessimilar to Grade G-10 but higher flexural strength retained at elevated tem-peraturesG-11 /3 Type GEB continuous filament-type glass cloth, heat-resistant epoxy binder; propertiessimilar to Grade
47、G-10 but higher flexural strength retained at elevated tem-peraturesFR-4 MIL-P-18177, Type GEE continuous filament-glass cloth with a flame-resistant epoxy resin binder;properties similar to G-10FR-4 /27 Type GEE-F continuous filament-glass cloth with a flame-resistant epoxy resin binder;properties
48、similar to G-10FR-5 MIL-P-18177, Type GEB continuous filament-glass cloth with a heat- and flame-resistant epoxy resinbinder; properties similar to G11FR-5 /28 Type GEB-F continuous filament-glass cloth with a heat- and flame-resistant epoxy resinbinder; properties similar to G11GPO-1 /4 Type GPO-1P
49、 Glass mat with polyester resin binder, for general purposeD709 173NOTE 6The various forms and grades of laminated thermosetting material are available in the finishes shown in Table 3.D709GradeDesignationMIL-P and LP MIL-I-24768 Specifica-tion Sheet Number and GradeDesignationADescriptionGPO-2 /5 Type GPO-2P Glass mat with polyester resin binder, for general purpose and flame resis-tanceGPO-1, GPO-2, and GPO-3 Glass mat with polyester resin binder, for general purpose, flame resistanceand tracking resistanceGPO-3 /6 Type GPO-3P Glass mat with polyester resin
