1、Designation: D822 01 (Reapproved 2006)D822/D822M 13Standard Practice forFiltered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Paint andRelated Coatings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D822;D822/D822M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption o
2、r, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope
3、Scope*1.1 This practice covers the selection of test conditions for accelerated exposure testing of coatings and related products infiltered open-flame carbon-arc devices conducted according to Practices G151 and G152. This practice also covers the preparationof test specimens, the test conditions s
4、uited for coatings, and the evaluation of test results. Table 1 describes commonly used testconditions.NOTE 1Previous versions of this practice referenced carbon-arc devices described by Practice G23, which described very specific equipment designs.Practice G23 has been withdrawn and replaced by Pra
5、ctice G151, which describes performance criteria for all exposure devices that use laboratory lightsources, and by Practice G152, which gives requirements for exposing nonmetallic materials in filtered open flame carbon-arc devices.1.2 This practice does not cover enclosed carbon-arc exposures of pa
6、ints and related coatings, which is described in PracticeD5031D5031/D5031M. Another procedure for exposing these products is covered by Practice D3361D3361/D3361M, in whichthe specimens are subjected to radiation from an unfiltered open-flame carbon arc that produces shorter wavelengths and higherle
7、vels of short wavelength radiation than filtered open-flame or enclosed carbon arcs.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values given inparentheses are for information only.stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
8、therefore, each system shall be usedindependently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this
9、 standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D358 Specification for Wood to Be Used as Panels in Weathering Tests of CoatingsD523 Test Method for Specular GlossD609 Prac
10、tice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and Related CoatingProductsD610 Practice for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on Painted Steel SurfacesD659 Method for Evaluating Degree of Chalking of Exterior Paints (Withdrawn 1990)3D660 Test Method for
11、Evaluating Degree of Checking of Exterior PaintsD662 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Erosion of Exterior PaintsD714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of PaintsD772 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Flaking (Scaling) of Exterior PaintsD823 Practices for Producing Films of Unifor
12、m Thickness of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test PanelsD1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thickness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct
13、responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.27 on Accelerated Testing.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2006Oct. 1, 2013. Published November 2006October 2013. Originally approved in 1945. Last previous edition approved in 20012006as D822 01.D822 01 (2006). DOI: 10.1520/D0822-01R06.10.1520/D0822_D0822M-13.2 For
14、 referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referen
15、ced on www.astm.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that use
16、rs consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Consho
17、hocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to a FerrousBase (Withdrawn 2006)3TABLE 1 Test Cycles Commonly Used for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposure Testing of Paints and Related CoatingsAUninsula
18、ted BlackPanel TemperatureBCycle Number Cycle Description (C) (F) Typical UsesC1 Continuous light102 min light only at 50 5 % RH18 min light and water sprayDRepeat continuously63 2.5 145 5 General coatings and historical conventionE2 18 h continuous light using:102 min light only at 50 5 % RH18 min
19、light and water spray6 h dark using:95 % relative humidity (no water spray)Repeat continuously63 2.524 1.5145 575 3General coatings3 48 min light at 50 5 % RH12 min light and water sprayRepeat continuously63 2.5 145 5 Coatings used in original equipment manufacturing4 4 h light at 50 5 % RH4 h dark
20、with water sprayRepeat continuously63 2.5 145 5 Exterior pigmented stains5 12 h light at 50 5 % RH12 h dark water sprayRepeat continuously63 2.5 145 5 Exterior wood stains and clears6 8 h light at 50 5 % RH10 h light and water spray6 h dark with water sprayRepeat continuously63 2.5 145 5 Marine enam
21、elsTABLE 1 Test Cycles Commonly Used for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposure Testing of Paints and Related CoatingsAUninsulated BlackPanel TemperatureB,C,DCycle Number Cycle DescriptionB,C C F Typical UsesE1 Continuous light102 min light only at 50 10 % RH18 min light and water sprayGRepeat cont
22、inuously63 2.5 145 5 General coatings and historical conventionF2 18 h continuous light using:102 min light only at 50 10 % RH18 min light and water spray6 h dark using:95 % relative humidity (no water spray)Repeat continuously63 2.524 1.5145 575 3General coatings3 48 min light at 50 10 % RH12 min l
23、ight and water sprayRepeat continuously63 2.5 145 5 Coatings used in original equipment manufacturing4 4 h light at 50 10% RH4 h dark with water sprayRepeat continuously63 2.5 145 5 Exterior pigmented stains5 12 h light at 50 10 % RH12 h dark water sprayRepeat continuously63 2.5 145 5 Exterior wood
24、stains and clears6 8 h light at 50 10 % RH10 h light and water spray6 h dark with water sprayRepeat continuously63 2.5 145 5 Marine enamelsA The cycles described are not listed in any order indicating importance, and are not necessarily recommended for the applications listed.B Unless otherwise spec
25、ified, operate the device so that the allowable deviations about the set points given in Table 1 are within the specified limits specified in thecorresponding entry. If the actual operating conditions do not agree with the machine settings after the equipment has stabilized, discontinue the test and
26、 correct the causeof the disagreement before continuing.C Set points and operational fluctuations are listed as set point operational fluctuation in Table 1. They are sometimes listed in separate columns. The set point is thetarget condition for the sensor used at the operational control point as pr
27、ogrammed by the user. Operational fluctuations are deviations from the indicated set point at thecontrol point indicated by the readout of the calibrated control sensor during equilibrium operation and do not include measurement uncertainty. At the operational controlpoint, the operational fluctuati
28、on can exceed no more than the listed value at equilibrium. Therefore, when a standard calls for a particular set point, the user programsthat exact number. The operational fluctuations specified with the set point do not imply that the user is allowed to program a set point higher or lower than the
29、 exact setpoint specified.D Unless otherwise indicated, black panel temperatures apply during the light-only portion of the cycle. The equilibrium black panel temperature is obtained without a sprayperiod. For light intervals less than 30 min, the black panel temperature might not reach equilibrium.
30、E Typical uses do not imply that results from exposures of these materials according to the cycle described will correlate to those from actual use conditions.D Unless otherwise specified, water spray refers to water sprayed on the exposed surfaces of the test specimens.F Historical convention has e
31、stablished this as a very commonly used test cycle. This cycle may not adequately simulate the effects of outdoor exposure.G Unless otherwise specified, water spray refers to water sprayed on the exposed surfaces of the test specimens.D822/D822M 132D1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of
32、 Dry Film Thickness of Nonconductive Coatings Applied to aNonferrous Metal Base (Withdrawn 2006)3D1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque MaterialsD1730 Practices for Preparation of Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Surfaces for PaintingD2244 Prac
33、tice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color CoordinatesD2616 Test Method for Evaluation of Visual Color Difference With a Gray ScaleD3361D3361/D3361M Practice for Unfiltered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Paint and Related CoatingsD3980 Pract
34、ice for Interlaboratory Testing of Paint and Related Materials (Withdrawn 1998)3D4214 Test Methods for Evaluating the Degree of Chalking of Exterior Paint FilmsD5031D5031/D5031M Practice for Enclosed Carbon-Arc Exposure Tests of Paint and Related CoatingsD5870 Practice for Calculating Property Reten
35、tion Index of PlasticsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test MethodE1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Measurement by Tristimulus ColorimetryG23 Practice for Operating Light-ExposureApparatus (Carbon-Arc Type) With and Without Water fo
36、r Exposure of NonmetallicMaterials (Withdrawn 2000)3G113 Terminology Relating to Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests of Nonmetallic MaterialsG141 Guide for Addressing Variability in Exposure Testing of Nonmetallic MaterialsG147 Practice for Conditioning and Handling of Nonmetallic Materials for
37、Natural and Artificial Weathering TestsG151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Accelerated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light SourcesG152 Practice for Operating Open Flame Carbon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic MaterialsG169 Guide for Application of Basic Statistical
38、Methods to Weathering Tests3. Terminology3.1 The definitions given in Terminology G113 are applicable to this practice.4. Significance and Use4.1 The ability of a paint or coating to resist deterioration of its physical and optical properties caused by exposure to light, heat,and water can be very s
39、ignificant for many applications. This practice is intended to induce property changes associated withend-use conditions, including the effects of sunlight, moisture, and heat. The exposure used in this practice is not intended tosimulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena such
40、as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and saltwaterexposure.4.2 CautionsVariation in results may be expected when different operating conditions are used. Therefore, no reference to theuse of this practice shall be made unless accompanied by a report prepared according to Section 10 that desc
41、ribes the specificoperating conditions used. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtainedaccording to this practice.NOTE 1Additional information on sources of variability and on strategies for addressing variability in the design, execution, an
42、d data analysis oflaboratory accelerated exposure tests is found in Guide G141.4.2.1 The spectral power distribution of light from an open-flame carbon-arc is significantly different from that produced in lightand water exposure devices using other carbon-arc configurations or other light sources. T
43、he type and rate of degradation and theperformance rankings produced by exposures to filtered open-flame carbon-arcs can be much different from those produced byexposures to other types of laboratory light sources.4.2.2 Interlaboratory comparisons are valid only when all laboratories use the same ty
44、pe of carbon-arc, filters, and exposureconditions.4.3 Reproducibility of test results between laboratories has been shown to be good when the stability of materials is evaluatedin terms of performance ranking compared to other materials or to a control.4,5 Therefore, exposure of a similar material o
45、f knownperformance (a control) at the same time as the test materials is strongly recommended. It is recommended that at least threereplicates of each material be exposed to allow for statistical evaluation of results.4.4 Test results will depend upon the care that is taken to operate the equipment
46、according to Practice G152. Significant factorsinclude regulation of line voltage, freedom from salt or other deposits from water, temperature and humidity control, andconditions of the electrodes.4.5 All references to exposures in accordance with this practice must include a complete description of
47、 the test cycle used.4 Fischer, R., “Results of Round-Robin Studies of Light- and Water-Exposure Standard Practices,” Accelerated and Outdoor Durability Testing of Organic Materials,ASTM STP 1202, ASTM, 1993.5 Ketola, W., and Fischer, R., “Characterization and Use of Reference Materials in Accelerat
48、ed Durability Tests,” VAMAS Technical Report No. 30, NIST, June 1997.D822/D822M 1335. Apparatus5.1 Use filtered open-flame carbon-arc apparatus that conforms to the requirements defined in Practices G151 and G152.5.2 Unless otherwise specified, the spectral power distribution of the filtered open-fl
49、ame carbon-arc shall conform to therequirements in Practice G152 for carbon arc with daylight filters.6. Hazards6.1 WarningIn addition to other precautions, never look directly at the carbon arc because UV radiation can damage the eye.Most carbon-arc machines are equipped with door safety switches, but users of old equipment must be certain to turn off the powerto the carbon arc before opening the test-chamber door.6.2 The burning carbon rods used in these devices become very hot during u
