1、Designation: D98 05 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Specification forCalcium Chloride1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D98; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenth
2、eses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers calcium chloride, technicalgrade, typica
3、lly used for, but not limited to, dust control,stabilization, ice/snow removal, other road-conditioningpurposes, acceleration of the set of concrete, and as a desiccant.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.3 For purposes of determining conformance to thisspecificatio
4、n, values for chemical analysis shall be rounded tothe nearest 0.1 %, and values for grading shall be rounded tothe nearest 1 %, in accordance with the rounding method inPractice E29.1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes,which provide explanatory material. These notes and foot
5、notes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be consideredas requirements of the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D345 Test Method for Sampling and Testing Calcium Chlo-ride for Roads and Structural ApplicationsE449 Test Methods for Analysis of Calcium Chloride2.2 Federa
6、l Standards:3UU-S-48 Sack, Shipping, PaperPPP-B-35 Bag, Textile, Shipping, Burlap, Cotton, and Wa-terproof LaminatedPPP-C-186 Containers, Packaging and Packing for Drugs,Chemicals, and PharmaceuticalsPPP-D-723 Drum, FiberFed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)2.3 Military Standards:3
7、MIL-STD-105 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspec-tion by AttributesMIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage2.4 American Trucking Associations, Inc.:4National Motor Freight Classification2.5 Uniform Classification Committee:Uniform Freight Classification53. Classification3.1 TypeTwo types of
8、 calcium chloride are covered asfollows:3.1.1 Type S (Solid)Flake, pellet or granular calciumchloride (CaCl2) in varying concentrations.3.1.2 Type L (Liquid)Water solutions of calcium chloridein varying concentrations.3.2 ConcentrationsConcentrations of Type S and Type Lcalcium chloride shall be exp
9、ressed as a percentage of the total.Type S shall be further expressed as Grades as in 3.3 and inaccordance with the chemical requirements of this specifica-tion.3.2.1 The concentrations of Type S (solid) calcium chlorideare 77, 90, and 94 % minimum.3.2.2 The concentrations of Type L(liquid) calcium
10、chlorideshall be specified by the purchaser (see Note 1).NOTE 1Typical concentrations vary from 28 to 42 %.3.3 GradesType S (solid) calcium chloride is graded asfollows:3.3.1 Grade 1, is 77 % minimum calcium chloride concen-tration of either Class AFlake, or Class BGranular.3.3.2 Grade 2, is 90 % mi
11、nimum calcium chloride concen-tration of Class AFlake, Class BPellet, ClassCGranular, or Class DPowder.3.3.3 Grade 3 is 94 % minimum calcium chloride concen-tration of Class AFlake, Class BPellet, ClassCGranular, or Class DPowder.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on
12、 Roadand Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.31 onCalcium and Sodium Chlorides and Other Deicing Materials.Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2013. Published December 2013. Originallyapproved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D98 05. DOI:10.1520/D009
13、8-05R13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk,
14、 Bldg. 4, Section D,700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.4Available from American Trucking Association, Inc., 2200 Mill Rd.,Alexandria, VA 22314.5Available from Uniform Classification Committee, 212 Union Station,Chicago, IL 60606.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor D
15、rive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following information:4.1.1 This specification designation and date of issue,4.1.2 Type S (solid) or Type L (liquid) concentration, gradeand cla
16、ss of calcium chloride required (see Sections 3),4.1.3 Quantity of calcium chloride required,4.1.4 Whether special sampling for inspection is required(see Section 7), and4.1.5 Whether special packaging and marking is required(see Section 10).5. Chemical Requirements5.1 The calcium chloride shall con
17、form to the followingrequirements for chemical composition, except for the toler-ances stated in 7.2.5.1.1 CaCl2content, %not less than the minimum concen-tration specified, nor greater than the maximum concentrationspecified (when a maximum is specified).5.1.2 Impurity content, %specified relative
18、to the amountof active ingredient (CaCl2) in the product, (see 5.2 forexample calculations):Total alkali chlorides (as NaCl), max, % 6.0Total magnesium as MgCl2, max, % 0.5Calcium hydroxide, max, % 0.25.1.2.1 Limits on other impurities shall be specified by thepurchaser according to requirements spe
19、cific to the end use.5.2 Calculating Impurity Content on an Active IngredientBasis:5.2.1 To calculate the impurity content on an active ingre-dient basis, the impurity percentage measured on an “asreceived” basis is divided by the CaCl2assay in decimal formas shown in the following example:Product #
20、1CaCl2content, as received basis, % 90Total alkali chlorides (as NaCl), as received basis, % 4.0Total alkali chlorides (as NaCl), active ingredient basis, % (4.0/90)(100)= 4.46. Physical Requirements6.1 The grading of solid form calcium chloride shall con-form to the requirements of Table 1 for the
21、grade and classspecified in the order.7. Sampling, Examination, and Testing7.1 Sampling, examining, and testing of calcium chlorideshall be done in accordance with Test Method D345 and E449.When specified in the contract or purchase order, sampling forexamination shall be performed in accordance wit
22、h MIL-STD-105 at an acceptable quality level specified by the purchaser.7.2 When the purchaser elects to sample the material (solidor liquid) after delivery, a tolerance of 1 % below the minimumCaCl2requirement shall apply, provided that the material hasbeen analyzed correctly and transported per th
23、e requirementsstated in 10.1.8. Inspection8.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, the supplier shall be responsible for the performance ofall inspection requirements as specified herein.8.2 Except as otherwise specified, the supplier shall use hisown facilities or any commer
24、cial laboratory acceptable to thepurchaser for analysis of material. The purchaser reserves theright to perform any of the inspections set forth in thisspecification where such inspections are deemed necessary toensure that supplies and services conform to the prescribedrequirements.9. Rejection9.1
25、The calcium chloride shall be subject to rejection if itfails to conform to any of the requirements of this specificationor, in the case of the solid forms, if it has become caked orsticky in shipment.10. Packaging, Package Marking, and Shipping10.1 Calcium chloride in either solid or liquid form sh
26、all bepackaged and transported in a manner that protects the productfrom moisture and other sources of contamination.10.2 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, the name of the manufacturer, name of the product, netweight, and percentage of calcium chloride guaranteed by theman
27、ufacturer shall be legibly marked on each container forpackage shipments, or on the invoice or shipping papersaccompanying bulk shipments.10.3 When specified in the contract or purchase order as forFederal Government procurement, calcium chloride shall beprepared for shipment in accordance with the
28、provisionsspecified in 10.4 10.6.2.10.4 PackagingPackaging for Federal Government pro-curement shall be LevelAor C as specified (see Section 4.1.5).10.4.1 Level A:TABLE 1 Sieve AnalysisSieve SizeMass % PassingGrade 177 % min CaCl2Grade 290 % min CaCl2Grade 394 % min CaCl2Class AFlakeClass BGranularC
29、lass AFlakeClass BPelletsClass CGranularClass DPowderClass AFlakeClass BPelletsClass CGranularClass DPowder31.5 mm 114 in. . . . . 100 . . . 100 .9.5 mm38 in. 100 100 100 100 . . 100 100 . .4.75 mm No. 4 80100 080 80100 80100 05 100 80100 80100 05 1002.36 mm No. 8 . . . . . 80100 . . . 801001.18 mm
30、No. 16 . . . . . . . . . .850 m No. 20 . . . 010 . . . 010 . .600 m No. 30 05 05 05 05 . 065 05 05 . 065D98 05 (2013)210.4.1.1 Unit PackagingCalcium chloride in solid formshall be packaged in 0.45 or 2.25-kg (1 or 5-lb) quantities, asspecified (see Section 10.4), in glass bottles conforming toGroup
31、A, Class 1, Style 2, Closure A of PPP-C-186.10.4.1.2 Intermediate PackagingCalcium chloride unit,packaged in accordance with 10.4.1.1 shall be intermediatelypackaged in accordance with the Level A requirements ofPPP-C-186.10.4.2 Level CCalcium chloride shall be packaged in thequantities specified (s
32、ee Section 4.1.5), in accordance withsuppliers standard practice.10.5 PackagingPacking for Federal Government Procure-ment shall be Level A, B, or C as specified (see Section 4.1.5).10.5.1 Level A:10.5.1.1 For 0.45 or 2.25-kg (1 and 5-lb) QuantitiesCalcium chloride, packaged in accordance with 10.4.
33、1.1 shallbe packed in accordance with the Level A requirement ofPPP-C-186.10.5.1.2 For 36 and 45-kg (80 and 100-lb) QuantitiesCalcium chloride, as specified (see 4.1.5), shall be packed inappropriate size sacks conforming to construction number 16Xor 17X of UU-S-48, bags conforming to bag number P35
34、B/Aof PPP-B-35, or fiber drums conforming to Type III, Grade A,of PPP-D-723, as specified (see 4.1.5). Fiber drums shall beprovided with a polyethylene bag liner or other suitablewater-vapor-proof liner or interior coating.10.5.2 Level B:10.5.2.1 For 0.45 and 2.25-kg (1 and 5-lb) QuantitiesCalcium c
35、hloride, packaged in accordance with 10.4, shall bepacked in accordance with the Level B requirements ofPPP-C-186.10.5.2.2 For 36 and 45-kg (80 and 100-lb) QuantitiesCalcium chloride, as specified (see 4.1.5), shall be packed inappropriate size sacks conforming to construction number8L/W or 14L/W of
36、 UU-S-48, bags conforming to bag numberP35B of PPP-B-35, or fiber drums conforming to Type I, GradeA, of PPP-D-723, as specified (see 4.1.5). Fiber drums shall beprovided with a polyethylene bag liner or other suitablewater-vapor-proof lining or interior coating.10.5.3 Level CCalcium chloride shall
37、be packed in quan-tities specified (see 4.1.5), in a manner which will ensurearrival at destination in satisfactory condition and be accept-able to the carrier at lowest rates. Containers and packing shallcomply with the Uniform Freight Classification rules orNational Motor Freight Classification ru
38、les.10.6 Marking (see 4.1.5):10.6.1 Civil AgenciesIn addition to any special markingrequired by the contract or order, the interior packages andexterior shipping containers shall be marked in accordancewith Fed. Std. No. 123.10.6.2 Military ActivitiesIn addition, to any special mark-ing required by
39、the contract or order, the interior packages andexterior shipping containers shall be marked in accordancewith MIL-STD-129.11. Keywords11.1 calcium chloride; concrete accelerator; concrete ad-mixture; deicing chemical; dessication; dust control; snow andice removal; stabilizationASTM International t
40、akes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own
41、responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addr
42、essed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at
43、the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D98 05 (2013)3
