1、Designation: D98 15Standard Specification forCalcium Chloride1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D98; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the
2、 year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers calcium chloride, technicalgrade, typically used for, but
3、not limited to, dust control,stabilization, ice/snow removal, other road-conditioningpurposes, acceleration of the set of concrete, and as a desiccant.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.3 For purposes of determining conformance to thisspecification, values for chem
4、ical analysis shall be rounded tothe nearest 0.1 %, and values for grading shall be rounded tothe nearest 1 %, in accordance with the rounding method inPractice E29.1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes,which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding th
5、ose in tables and figures) shall not be consideredas requirements of the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D345 Test Method for Sampling and Testing Calcium Chlo-ride for Roads and Structural ApplicationsE449 Test Methods for Analysis of Calcium Chloride2.2 Federal Standards:3UU-S-
6、48 Sack, Shipping, PaperPPP-B-35 Bag, Textile, Shipping, Burlap, Cotton, and Wa-terproof LaminatedPPP-C-186 Containers, Packaging and Packing for Drugs,Chemicals, and PharmaceuticalsPPP-D-723 Drum, FiberFed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)2.3 Military Standards:3MIL-STD-105 Sampli
7、ng Procedures and Tables for Inspec-tion by AttributesMIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage2.4 American Trucking Associations, Inc.:4National Motor Freight Classification2.5 Uniform Classification Committee:Uniform Freight Classification53. Classification3.1 TypeTwo types of calcium chloride
8、are covered asfollows:3.1.1 Type S (Solid)Flake, pellet or granular calciumchloride (CaCl2) in varying concentrations.3.1.2 Type L (Liquid)Water solutions of calcium chloridein varying concentrations.3.2 ConcentrationsConcentrations of Type S and Type Lcalcium chloride shall be expressed as a percen
9、tage of the total.Type S shall be further expressed as Grades as in 3.3 and inaccordance with the chemical requirements of this specifica-tion.3.2.1 The concentrations of Type S (solid) calcium chlorideare 77, 90, and 94 % minimum.3.2.2 The concentrations of Type L(liquid) calcium chlorideshall be s
10、pecified by the purchaser (see Note 1).NOTE 1Typical concentrations vary from 28 to 42 %.3.3 GradesType S (solid) calcium chloride is graded asfollows:3.3.1 Grade N1, 77 % minimum calcium chloride concen-tration of either Class AFlake, or Class BGranular.3.3.2 Grade N2, 83% minimum calcium chloride
11、concen-tration of Class AFlake, Class BPellet, ClassCGranular, or Class DPowder.3.3.3 Grade N3, 90 % minimum calcium chloride concen-tration of Class AFlake, Class BPellet, Class CGranular, or Class DPowder.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Roadand Paving Materia
12、ls and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.31 onCalcium and Sodium Chlorides and Other Deicing Materials.Current edition approved June 1, 2015. Published July 2015. Originally approvedin 1921. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D98 05 (2013). DOI:10.1520/D0098-15.2For referenced
13、ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4, Section D,700
14、Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.4Available from American Trucking Association, Inc., 2200 Mill Rd.,Alexandria, VA 22314.5Available from Uniform Classification Committee, 212 Union Station,Chicago, IL 60606.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West
15、Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.3.4 Grade N4, 94 % minimum calcium chloride concen-tration of Class AFlake, Class BPellet, ClassCGranular, or Class DPowder.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following information:4.1.1 This specifica
16、tion designation and date of issue,4.1.2 Type S (solid) or Type L (liquid) concentration, gradeand class of calcium chloride required (see Sections 3),4.1.3 Quantity of calcium chloride required,4.1.4 Whether special sampling for inspection is required(see Section 7), and4.1.5 Whether special packag
17、ing and marking is required(see Section 10).5. Chemical Requirements5.1 The calcium chloride shall conform to the followingrequirements for chemical composition, except for the toler-ances stated in 7.2.5.1.1 CaCl2content, %not less than the minimum concen-tration specified, nor greater than the max
18、imum concentrationspecified (when a maximum is specified).5.1.2 Impurity content, %specified relative to the amountof active ingredient (CaCl2) in the product, (see 5.2 forexample calculations):Total alkali chlorides (as NaCl), max, % 6.0Total magnesium as MgCl2, max, % 0.5Calcium hydroxide, max, %
19、0.25.1.2.1 Limits on other impurities shall be specified by thepurchaser according to requirements specific to the end use.5.2 Calculating Impurity Content on an Active IngredientBasis:5.2.1 To calculate the impurity content on an active ingre-dient basis, the impurity percentage measured on an “asr
20、eceived” basis is divided by the CaCl2assay in decimal formas shown in the following example:Product #1CaCl2content, as received basis, % 90Total alkali chlorides (as NaCl), as received basis, % 4.0Total alkali chlorides (as NaCl), active ingredient basis, % (4.0 90)(100)= 4.46. Physical Requirement
21、s6.1 The grading of solid form calcium chloride shall con-form to the requirements of Table 1 for the grade and classspecified in the order.7. Sampling, Examination, and Testing7.1 Sampling, examining, and testing of calcium chlorideshall be done in accordance with Test Method D345 and E449.When spe
22、cified in the contract or purchase order, sampling forexamination shall be performed in accordance with MIL-STD-105 at an acceptable quality level specified by the purchaser.7.2 When the purchaser elects to sample the material (solidor liquid) after delivery, a tolerance of 1 % below the minimumCaCl
23、2requirement shall apply, provided that the material hasbeen analyzed correctly and transported per the requirementsstated in 10.1.8. Inspection8.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, the supplier shall be responsible for the performance ofall inspection requirements as spec
24、ified herein.8.2 Except as otherwise specified, the supplier shall use hisown facilities or any commercial laboratory acceptable to thepurchaser for analysis of material. The purchaser reserves theright to perform any of the inspections set forth in thisspecification where such inspections are deeme
25、d necessary toensure that supplies and services conform to the prescribedrequirements.9. Rejection9.1 The calcium chloride shall be subject to rejection if itfails to conform to any of the requirements of this specificationor, in the case of the solid forms, if it has become caked orsticky in shipme
26、nt.10. Packaging, Package Marking, and Shipping10.1 Calcium chloride in either solid or liquid form shall bepackaged and transported in a manner that protects the productfrom moisture and other sources of contamination.10.2 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, the name of the
27、 manufacturer, name of the product, netweight, and percentage of calcium chloride guaranteed by themanufacturer shall be legibly marked on each container forpackage shipments, or on the invoice or shipping papersaccompanying bulk shipments.TABLE 1 Sieve AnalysisSieve SizeMass % PassingGrade N177 %mi
28、n CaCl2Grade N283 %min CaCl2Grade N390 %min CaCl2Grade N494 %min CaCl2Class AFlakeClass BGranularClass AFlakeClass BPelletsClass CGranularClassDPowderClass AFlakeClass BPelletsClass CGranularClassDPowderClass AFlakeClass BPelletsClass CGranularClassDPowder31.5 mm 114 in. . . . . 100 . . . 100 . . .
29、100 .9.5 mm38 in. 100 100 100 100 . . 100 100 . . 100 100 . .4.75 mm No. 4 80100 080 80100 80100 05 100 80100 80100 05 100 80100 80100 05 1002.36 mm No. 8 . . . . . 80100. . . 80100. . . 801001.18 mm No. 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .850 m No. 20 . . . 010 . . . 010 . . . 010 . .600 m No. 30 05 05 0
30、5 05 . 065 05 05 . 065 05 05 . 065D9815210.3 When specified in the contract or purchase order as forFederal Government procurement, calcium chloride shall beprepared for shipment in accordance with the provisionsspecified in 10.4 10.6.2.10.4 PackagingPackaging for Federal Government pro-curement sha
31、ll be LevelAor C as specified (see Section 4.1.5).10.4.1 Level A:10.4.1.1 Unit PackagingCalcium chloride in solid formshall be packaged in 0.45 or 2.25-kg (1 or 5-lb) quantities, asspecified (see Section 10.4), in glass bottles conforming toGroup A, Class 1, Style 2, Closure A of PPP-C-186.10.4.1.2
32、Intermediate PackagingCalcium chloride unit,packaged in accordance with 10.4.1.1 shall be intermediatelypackaged in accordance with the Level A requirements ofPPP-C-186.10.4.2 Level CCalcium chloride shall be packaged in thequantities specified (see Section 4.1.5), in accordance withsuppliers standa
33、rd practice.10.5 PackagingPacking for Federal Government Procure-ment shall be Level A, B, or C as specified (see Section 4.1.5).10.5.1 Level A:10.5.1.1 For 0.45 or 2.25-kg (1 and 5-lb) QuantitiesCalcium chloride, packaged in accordance with 10.4.1.1 shallbe packed in accordance with the Level A req
34、uirement ofPPP-C-186.10.5.1.2 For 36 and 45-kg (80 and 100-lb) QuantitiesCalcium chloride, as specified (see 4.1.5), shall be packed inappropriate size sacks conforming to construction number 16Xor 17X of UU-S-48, bags conforming to bag number P35B/Aof PPP-B-35, or fiber drums conforming to Type III
35、, Grade A,of PPP-D-723, as specified (see 4.1.5). Fiber drums shall beprovided with a polyethylene bag liner or other suitablewater-vapor-proof liner or interior coating.10.5.2 Level B:10.5.2.1 For 0.45 and 2.25-kg (1 and 5-lb) QuantitiesCalcium chloride, packaged in accordance with 10.4, shall bepa
36、cked in accordance with the Level B requirements ofPPP-C-186.10.5.2.2 For 36 and 45-kg (80 and 100-lb) QuantitiesCalcium chloride, as specified (see 4.1.5), shall be packed inappropriate size sacks conforming to construction number8L/W or 14L/W of UU-S-48, bags conforming to bag numberP35B of PPP-B-
37、35, or fiber drums conforming to Type I, GradeA, of PPP-D-723, as specified (see 4.1.5). Fiber drums shall beprovided with a polyethylene bag liner or other suitablewater-vapor-proof lining or interior coating.10.5.3 Level CCalcium chloride shall be packed in quan-tities specified (see 4.1.5), in a
38、manner which will ensurearrival at destination in satisfactory condition and be accept-able to the carrier at lowest rates. Containers and packing shallcomply with the Uniform Freight Classification rules orNational Motor Freight Classification rules.10.6 Marking (see 4.1.5):10.6.1 Civil AgenciesIn
39、addition to any special markingrequired by the contract or order, the interior packages andexterior shipping containers shall be marked in accordancewith Fed. Std. No. 123.10.6.2 Military ActivitiesIn addition, to any special mark-ing required by the contract or order, the interior packages andexter
40、ior shipping containers shall be marked in accordancewith MIL-STD-129.11. Keywords11.1 calcium chloride; concrete accelerator; concrete ad-mixture; deicing chemical; dessication; dust control; snow andice removal; stabilizationASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any paten
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