1、Designation: D2996 15D2996 17 An American National StandardStandard Specification forFilament-Wound “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-ReinforcedThermosetting-Resin) Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2996; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal
2、adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers machine-made reinforced thermosetting res
3、in pressure pipe (RTRP) manufactured by the filamentwinding process up to 60 in. nominal size. Included are a classification system and requirements for materials, mechanicalproperties, dimensions, performance, methods of test, and marking.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
4、 as standard. The values given in parentheses are provided forinformation purposes only.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification:This standarddoes not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its
5、use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1The term “fiberglass pipe” as described in Section 3 of this specification applies to both reinforced thermosett
6、ing resin pipe (RTRP) andreinforced polymer mortar pipe (RPMP). This specification covers only reinforced thermosetting resin pipe (RTRP).NOTE 2This specification is applicable to RTRP where the ratio of outside diameter to wall thickness is 10:1 or more.NOTE 3There is no known ISO equivalent to thi
7、s standard.NOTE 4For the purposes of this standard, polymer does not include natural polymers.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standa
8、rds, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD159
9、8 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal PressureD1599 Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and FittingsD1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to PlasticsD2105 Test Method for Longitudinal Tensile Properties o
10、f “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe andTubeD2143 Test Method for Cyclic Pressure Strength of Reinforced, Thermosetting Plastic PipeD2310 Classification for Machine-Made “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe (Withdrawn 2017)3D2412 Test Method for
11、Determination of External Loading Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate LoadingD2992 Practice for Obtaining Hydrostatic or Pressure Design Basis for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe and FittingsD3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of “Fiberglass” (Glass
12、-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe and FittingsF412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.23 on Reinforced Plastic PipingSystems and Chemical Equipme
13、nt.Current edition approved May 1, 2015Aug. 1, 2017. Published June 2015August 2017. Originally approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 20072015 asD2996 01D2996 15.(2007)1. DOI: 10.1520/D2996-15.10.1520/D2996-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or cont
14、actASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intend
15、ed only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current
16、 versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.
17、1 GeneralDefinitions are in accordance with Terminologies D883 and F412 and abbreviations are in accordance withTerminology D1600, unless otherwise indicated. The abbreviation for reinforced thermosetting resin pipe is RTRP.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 coatinga resin laye
18、r, with or without filler or reinforcement, or both, applied to the exterior surface of the pipe structuralwall.3.2.2 fiberglass pipea tubular product containing glass-fiber reinforcements embedded in or surrounded by cured thermoset-ting resin; the composite structure may contain aggregate, granula
19、r or platelet fillers, thixotropic agents, pigments, or dyes;thermoplastic or thermosetting liners or coatings may be included.3.2.3 filament windinga process used to manufacture tubular goods by winding continuous fibrous glass strand roving, orroving tape, saturated with liquid resin or preimpregn
20、ated with partially cured resin (subsequent heating may be required topolymerize the resin system) onto the outside of a mandrel in a predetermined pattern under controlled tension; the inside diameter(ID) of the pipe is fixed by the mandrel outside diameter and the outside diameter (OD) of the pipe
21、 is determined by the amountof material that is wound on the mandrel.3.2.4 linerthe inner portion of the wall at least 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) in thickness, as determined in 8.3.2, which does notcontribute to the strength in the determination of the hydrostatic design basis.3.2.5 reinforced polymer mort
22、ar pipe (RPMP)a fiberglass pipe with aggregate.3.2.6 reinforced thermosetting resin pipe (RTRP)a fiberglass pipe without aggregate.3.2.7 reinforced wall thicknessthe total wall thickness minus the liner or exterior coating thickness, or both.4. Classification4.1 GeneralPipe meeting this specificatio
23、n is classified by type, grade, class, and hydrostatic design basis in accordance withClassification D2310 and by a secondary cell classification system that defines the basic mechanical properties of the pipe. Thesetypes, grades, classes, hydrostatic design basis categories, and cell classification
24、 designations are as follows:4.1.1 Types:Type 1Filament wound.4.1.2 Grades:Grade 1Glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin pipe.Grade 2Glass fiber reinforced polyester resin pipe.Grade 7Glass fiber reinforced furan resin pipe.4.1.3 Classes:Class ANo liner.Class BPolyester resin liner (nonreinforced).Class
25、 CEpoxy resin liner (nonreinforced).Class EPolyester resin liner (reinforced).Class FEpoxy resin liner (reinforced).Class HThermoplastic resin liner (specify).Class IFuran resin liner (reinforced).4.1.4 Hydrostatic Design BasisTwo methods of classifying the hydrostatic design basis of the pipe are p
26、rovided. Pipe meetingthis specification shall be classified using either the cyclic test method or the static test method, or both, and the designations asshown in Table 1. Appendix X1 explains how these design basis categories are to be used.TABLE 1 Hydrostatic Design Basis CategoriesCyclic Test Me
27、thod Static Test MethodDesignationHoop Stress, psi(MPa) DesignationHoop Stress, psi(MPa)A 2 500 (17.2) Q 5 000 (34.5)B 3 150 (21.7) R 6 300 (43.4)C 4 000 (27.6) S 8 000 (55.2)D 5 000 (34.5) T 10 000 (68.9)E 6 300 (43.4) U 12 500 (86.2)F 8 000 (55.2) W 16 000 (110)G 10 000 (68.9) X 20 000 (138)H 12 5
28、00 (86.2) Y 25 000 (172)Z 31 500 (217)D2996 1724.1.4.1 For pipe subjected to axial or end loads, the effect of these loads shall be represented in the HDB testing. In thedesignation code, the numeral 1 shall immediately follow the HDB letter class if free-end type closures were used and the numeral2
29、 shall immediately follow the HDB letter class if restrained-end type closures were used to establish the HDB.4.1.5 Mechanical PropertiesTable 2 presents a cell classification system for identifying the mechanical properties of pipecovered by this specification.NOTE 5For the purposes of this classif
30、ication, polyester resins shall include vinylester resins, but the purchaser should consult with the manufacturerto determine which resin is applicable for the specific conditions in which the pipe will be used.NOTE 6All possible combinations covered by the above classification system may not be com
31、mercially available.4.1.6 Designation CodeThe pipe designation code shall consist of the abbreviation RTRP, followed by the type and grade inArabic numerals, the class and static or cyclic HDB level in capital letters, the type of end closure used, and four Arabic numbersidentifying, respectively, t
32、he cell classification designations of the short-term rupture strength, longitudinal tensile strength,longitudinal tensile modulus, and pipe stiffness.Example: RTRP-11FA1-1334. Such a designation would describe a filament-wound, glass-fiber reinforced, epoxy pipe havinga reinforced epoxy liner; a cy
33、clic pressure strength exceeding 2500 psi (17.2 MPa) using free-end closures; a short-term rupturestrength exceeding 10 000 psi (68.9 MPa); a longitudinal tensile strength exceeding 25 000 psi (172 MPa); a longitudinal tensilemodulus exceeding 3 106 psi (20.7 103MPa); and a pipe stiffness exceeding
34、36 psi (248 kPa).5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 GeneralThe resins, reinforcements, colorants, fillers, and other materials, when combined as a composite structure, shallproduce a pipe that shall meet the performance requirements of this specification.6. Physical Requirements6.1 WorkmanshipThe pipe
35、shall be free of all defects including indentations, delaminations, bubbles, pinholes, foreigninclusions, and resin-starved areas which, due to their nature, degree, or extent, detrimentally affect the strength and serviceabilityof the pipe. The pipe shall be as uniform as commercially practicable i
36、n color, opacity, and other physical properties. The pipe shallbe round and straight and the bore of the pipe shall be smooth and uniform. All pipe ends shall be cut at right angles to the axisof the pipe and any sharp edges removed.6.2 Dimensions and Tolerances:6.2.1 Inside and Outside DiameterThe
37、inside and outside diameter and tolerances of pipe meeting these specifications shallconform to the requirements in one of the Tables 3-6, when determined in accordance with 8.3.1.6.2.2 Wall ThicknessThe minimum wall thickness of pipe furnished under this specification shall not at any point be less
38、 than87.5 % of the nominal wall thickness published in the manufacturers literature current at the time of purchase when measured inaccordance with 8.3.1.6.3 PerformancePipe meeting this specification shall be categorized by a long-term static or cyclic hydrostatic design basisas shown in Table 1 wh
39、en tested in accordance with 8.4 or 8.5. Additionally, the pipe shall meet the applicable cell limitTABLE 2 Physical Property RequirementsDesignationOrder Number Mechanical PropertyCell Limits0 1 2 3 4 5 61 Short time rupture strength hooptensile stress, min, psi. . . 4000 12 000 22 000 30 000 40 00
40、0 50 0001 Short-term rupture strength hooptensile stress, min, psi. . . 10 000 30 000 40 000 50 000 60 000 70 000(MPa) . . . (27.6) (82.7) (152) (207) (276) (345)(MPa) . . . (68.9) (207) (276) (345) (414) (483)2 Longitudinal tensile strength min,psi. . . 2000 8000 16 000 22 000 30 000 40 0002 Longit
41、udinal tensile strength min,psi. . . 8000 15 000 25 000 35 000 45 000 55 000(MPa) . . . (13.8) (55.2) (110) (152) (207) (276)(MPa) . . . (55.2) (103) (172) (241) (310) (379)3 Longitudinal tensile modulus,min, psi 106. . . 0.6 1.3 1.5 1.9 2.5 3.03 Longitudinal tensile modulus,min, psi 106. . . 1 2 3
42、4 5 6(MPa) . . . (4100) (9000) (10 300) (13 100) (17 200) (20 700)(MPa) . . . (6900) (13 000) (20 700) (27 600) (34 500) (41 400)4 Pipe stiffness at 5 % deflection,min, psi. . . 5 9 18 36 72 144(kPa) . . . (34) (62) (124) (248) (496) (993)D2996 173requirements for short-term rupture strength, longit
43、udinal tensile strength, longitudinal tensile modulus, and apparent stiffnessfactor as described in Table 2 when tested in accordance with 8.6 through 8.8.6.3.1 Any significant changes in the original pipe categorized in 6.3, with respect to materials or manufacturing process, willrequire recategori
44、zing according to 6.3. These changes include, but are not limited to: a change in reinforcement type, composition,or binder; a change in resin type, composition, or cure; or change in linear composition, thickness, or cure.NOTE 7The purchaser should consult the manufacturer for the proper class, typ
45、e, and grade of pipe to be used under the installation and operatingconditions, with respect to temperature, conveyed fluid, pressure, etc., that will exist for the project in which the pipe is to be used.TABLE 3 Dimensions and Tolerances for Outside Diameter (OD)Series Pipe with Steel-Pipe-Equivale
46、nt (Iron Pipe Size)Nominal Pipe Size, in. in. (mm)1 1.315 + 0.060 33.40 + 1.520.016 0.41112 1.900 + 0.060 48.26 + 1.520.018 0.462 2.375 + 0.060 60.32 + 1.520.018 0.46212 2.875 + 0.060 73.02 + 1.520.018 0.463 3.500 + 0.060 88.90 + 1.520.018 0.464 4.500 + 0.060 114.30 + 1.520.018 0.466 6.625 + 0.066 1
47、68.28 + 1.680.028 0.648 8.625 + 0.086 219.08 + 2.180.040 1.0210 10.750 + 0.108 273.05 + 2.740.048 1.2212 12.750 + 0.128 323.85 + 3.250.056 1.4214 14.000 + 0.145 355.60 + 3.680.064 1.6316 16.000 + 0.165 406.40 + 4.190.074 1.88A Outside diameters other than listed in Tables 3 to 6 shall be permitted b
48、yagreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.TABLE 4 Dimensions and Tolerances for Inside Diameter (ID)Series PipeNominal Pipe Size, in. in. mm1 1.00 0.06 25.4 1.52112 1.500 0.06 38.1 1.522 2.000 0.06 50.8 1.52212 2.500 0.06 63.5 1.523 3.000 0.12 76.2 3.054 4.000 0.12 101.6 3.056 6.000 0.25
49、 152.4 6.358 8.000 0.25 203.2 6.3510 10.000 0.25 254.0 6.3512 12.000 0.25 304.8 6.3514 14.000 0.25 355.6 6.3515 15.000 0.25 381.0 6.3516 16.000 0.25 406.4 6.3518 18.000 0.25 457.2 6.3520 20.000 0.25 508.0 6.3524 24.000 0.25 609.6 6.3530 30.000 0.30 762.0 7.6236 36.000 0.36 914.4 9.1442 42.000 0.42 1066.8 10.6848 48.000 0.48 1219.2 12.1954 54.000 0.54 1371.6 13.7260 60.000 0.60 1524.0 15.24D2996 1747. Sampling7.1 At l
