1、Designation: D3032 10An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forHookup Wire Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3032; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing ho
3、okupwire.1.2 For the purposes of these test methods, hookup wireinsulation includes all components of the insulation systemused on single insulated conductors or an assembly of singleinsulated conductors such as a cable bundle and harness or flatribbon cable. The insulating materials include not onl
4、y theprimary insulation over the conductor, but also insulatingjackets over shielded constructions.1.3 The test procedures and their locations are as follows:SectionAxial Stability (Longitudinal Change) After Thermal Exposure 21Bondability of Insulation to Potting Compounds 19Capacitance 9 to 12Cold
5、 Bend Test 26Concentricity 16Crush Resistance 20Dielectric Breakdown Voltage 5Dimensions 15Dry-Arc Tracking 29Dynamic Cut-Through 22Fluid Immersion 23High Temperature Shock 24Insulation-Continuity Proof Tests 13Insulation Resistance 6Partial Discharge (Corona) Inception and Extinction Voltage 25Rela
6、tive Thermal Life and Temperature Index 14Strip Force 27Surface Resistance 7Tensile Properties 17Vertical Flame Test 18Voltage Rating of Hook-Up Wire A2Voltage Withstand Test 8Wet Arc-Tracking 281.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are math
7、ematicalconversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-tion only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate saf
8、ety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specificprecaution statements, see 12.2.1, 12.4.1.8, 18.1.3, Note 17,and 25.4.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Strength of S
9、olid Electrical Insulating Materialsat Commercial Power FrequenciesD150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Per-mittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insula-tionD257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance ofInsulating MaterialsD374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid El
10、ectrical Insu-lationD412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-plastic ElastomersTensionD471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD543 Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics toChemical ReagentsD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD1711 Terminology Relati
11、ng to Electrical InsulationD1868 Test Method for Detection and Measurement ofPartial Discharge (Corona) Pulses in Evaluation of Insu-lation SystemsD2303 Test Methods for Liquid-Contaminant, Inclined-Plane Tracking and Erosion of Insulating MaterialsD2307 Test Method for Thermal Endurance of Film-Ins
12、ulated Round Magnet WireD2865 Practice for Calibration of Standards and Equipmentfor Electrical Insulating Materials TestingD3183 Practice for RubberPreparation of Pieces for TestPurposes from ProductsD3636 Practice for Sampling and Judging Quality of SolidElectrical Insulating Materials1These test
13、methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 onElectrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D09.18 on Solid Insulations, Non-Metallic Shieldings and Coveringsfor Electrical and Telecommunication Wires and Cables.Current edition approved
14、March 1, 2010. Published April 2010. Originallyapproved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D303204. DOI:10.1520/D3032-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume i
15、nformation, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.D3638 Test Method for Comparative Tracking
16、Index ofElectrical Insulating MaterialsD5032 Practice for Maintaining Constant Relative Humid-ity by Means of Aqueous Glycerin SolutionsD5374 Test Methods for Forced-Convection LaboratoryOvens for Evaluation of Electrical InsulationD5423 Specification for Forced-Convection LaboratoryOvens for Evalua
17、tion of Electrical InsulationD6054 Practice for Conditioning Electrical Insulating Ma-terials for TestingE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method2
18、.2 IEEE Standards:3Standard 98 Guide for the Preparation of Test Proceduresfor the Thermal Evaluation of Electrical Insulating Mate-rialsStandard 101 Statistical Analysis of Thermal Life Test Data2.3 Federal Standard:Federal Specification for Tape, Gummed; Paper, Rein-forced and Plain, for Sealing a
19、nd Securing (PPP-T-45C)43. Terminology3.1 Definitions: For definitions of terms used in these testmethods, refer to Terminology D1711.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 capacitance unbalance (of a pair in a shielded cable),nthe ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the differenc
20、e incapacitance between each of two insulated conductors and theshield, to the capacitance between that conductor pair.3.2.1.1 DiscussionCapacitance unbalance is also calledcoefficient of asymmetry or capacitance asymmetry, and isexpressed in percent unbalance.3.2.2 cold bend testa test in which a s
21、pecimen is slowlywrapped around a mandrel of a specified diameter afterconditioning at a specified low temperature to determine thatthe primary insulation, primary jacket, overall jacket and anyother layer of the wire or cable specimen maintains sufficientflexibility to withstand such bending at tha
22、t low temperaturewithout evidence of cracking.3.2.3 relative thermal endurancethe comparison of thethermal endurance (as described by their Arrhenius plots) oftwo or more insulated wires designed for the same specific use;this usually implies the same size of conductor, but theinsulation is of the t
23、hickness required for the particular use ofeach insulation.3.2.4 strip forceforce required to remove a specifiedlength of insulation from an insulated wire specimen asdetermined by a specified test procedure.3.2.5 surface resistance, nsee Terminology D1711.3.2.5.1 DiscussionFor a fixed electrode sep
24、aration, themeasured surface resistance of a given hookup wire decreasesas the diameter increases.3.2.6 temperature index, nsee Terminology D1711.3.2.6.1 DiscussionFor hookup wire, the symbol TI is usedfor temperature index and the preferred use of the TI symbolimplies a time of 20 000 h obtained by
25、 analysis of aging datain which extrapolation is limited to no more than 25C belowthe lowest aging temperature (See also Section 14).3.2.7 thermal end point time, nthe time necessary for aspecific property of a material, or a simple combination ofmaterials, to degrade to a defined end point when age
26、d at aspecified temperature.3.2.8 thermal end point curve, na graphical representationof a thermal end point at a specified aging temperature in whichthe value of a property of a material, or a simple combinationof materials, is measured at room temperature and the valuesplotted as a function of tim
27、e.3.2.9 thermal endurance, nsee Terminology D1711.3.2.9.1 DiscussionThe stability of hookup wire insulationis estimated from changes in the results of voltage withstandtests on hookup wire specimens that have been heat aged,cooled to room temperature, flexed over a mandrel, immersedin salt water, an
28、d subjected to a specific applied voltage.3.2.10 voltage withstand (proof-voltage) testthe applica-tion of a specified voltage for a specified time to a specifiedconfiguration of the insulation. Results are expressed as “pass”or “fail.”4. Sampling4.1 Refer to the material specification for sampling
29、plancovering specific types of hookup wire insulations.4.2 Use Practice D3636 as a guide if the material specifi-cation does not include a sampling plan.5. Dielectric Breakdown Voltage5.1 Significance and Use:5.1.1 A detailed statement of significance is given in Ap-pendix X1 of Test Method D149.5.2
30、 Apparatus:5.2.1 Use the electrical apparatus described in Test MethodD149 for this test.5.3 Test Specimens:5.3.1 The test specimen shall consist of insulated wire 610mm (24 in.) in length, or of the length required for theenvironmental exposure. Remove the insulation for a distanceof 25 mm (1 in.)
31、at each end and twist the ends together.5.4 Procedure:5.4.1 Immerse the test specimen to within 152 mm (6 in.) ofthe twisted ends in the water bath containing 5 % sodiumchloride (NaCl) and 0.05 to 0.10 % wetting agent.55.4.2 Use the water solution as the ground electrode, andapply the voltage to the
32、 twisted end of the conductor.5.4.3 Raise the voltage from zero at a rate of 500 V/s untilthe specimen fails. If a flashover between the water solutionand the twisted ends of the wire occurs, discard the specimenwithout retesting. Select longer specimens so that the distancebetween the water solutio
33、n and the ends of the wire is sufficientto prevent flashover.3Available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 345E. 47th St., New York, NY 10017.4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NP
34、ODS.5Triton X-100 manufactured by Rohm itmust be provided with an earth grounded metal screen orequivalent guards to provide protection for the operatingpersonnel. Broken chains must be promptly replaced as re-quired.13.3.2 Power SupplyAny impulse generator meeting therequirements of Section 13 may
35、be used.13.3.2.1 Test ImpulseThe waveform of the voltage ap-plied to the electrode head shall consist of a negative pulse, thepeak magnitude of which shall be specified for the wire undertest, followed by a damped oscillation. The peak impulsevoltage shall be stipulated in the applicable material sp
36、ecifica-tion. The rise time of the negative impulse wave from zeromagnitude to 90 % of the specified peak voltage shall be notmore than 75 s. The peak value of the first positive overshootand of the subsequent damped oscillations shall be smaller thanthe initial negative pulse. The time during which
37、 the absolutemagnitude of each voltage pulse and accompanying dampedoscillation (positive and negative) remains at a value of 80 %or greater of the specified peak voltage shall be 20 to 100 s.The pulse repetition rate shall be 200 to 250 pulses/s. Exceptfor the final peak voltage adjustment (13.6) c
38、onformity withthese impulse test parameters shall be determined with nocapacitive load impressed on the electrode.13.3.2.2 Capacitive ToleranceThe tolerance of the equip-ment to change in capacitive load shall be such that the peakoutput voltage shall be reduced by not more than 12 % in theevent of
39、an increase of the capacitive load, between electrodeand ground, from an initial load of 4.9 to 9.8 pF/cm (12.5 to 25pF/in.) of electrode length.13.3.2.3 Instrument VoltmeterA peak-reading voltmetershall be provided, indicating continuously the potential of theelectrode. The voltmeter shall have a m
40、inimum accuracy of63 % at the specified impulse potential, after calibration asspecified in 13.4.13.3.2.4 Failure Detection CircuitThere shall be a failuredetection circuit to give a visual or audible indication, or both,of insulation failure. In addition, the electrode head may bede-energized and t
41、he drive mechanism stopped. The detectioncircuit shall be sufficiently sensitive to indicate a fault at 75 %of the specified test voltage when the electrode is arced toground through a 20-kV resistor and shall be capable ofdetecting a fault that lasts for the duration of only one impulse.13.4 Calibr
42、ationCalibrate the instrument voltmeter peri-odically (see Practice D2865) by comparison with an externalstandard voltmeter having an accuracy of 62 % of the readingand capable of detecting the peak potential at the electrodehead, with or without auxiliary circuitry. In performing thecalibration, co
43、nnect the standard voltmeter to the electrodehead directly or through a calibrated attenuator circuit. Adjustthe impulse generator until the reading on the standard volt-meter is the specified potential, at which point the reading onthe instrument voltmeter shall be observed and recorded.Repeat this
44、 calibration for each peak potential at which it isintended to operate the equipment. An alternative procedure isby means of a calibrated oscilloscope connected to the elec-trode through a suitable attenuator. The peak magnitude of thenegative impulse can then be read directly from the waveformdispl
45、ay. Conformance to the other waveform parameters speci-fied in 13.3.2.1 shall be verified from the oscilloscope.13.5 Test SpecimensThe test specimens consist of con-tinuous lengths of hookup wire.13.6 ProcedureThread the wire through the electrode andground the conductor at one, or preferably both,
46、ends. Energizethe electrode to the specified peak potential and, after finaladjustment of the voltage with the wire in the electrode head,pass the wire from the pay-off spool through the electrode ontothe take-up spool. The speed of passage of the wire through theelectrode shall be such that, after
47、start-up, the wire is subjectedto not less than 3 nor more than 100 pulses at any given point.Cut out, or mark for later removal, all sections of wire thatcause the detector to trip, along with at least 50 mm (2 in.) ofwire on each side of the failure. Locate the point of failure bypassing the wire
48、back through the head. If the detector does nottrip again it can be assumed that the indication was false. Makeevery effort to test the entire length, including ends of the wirewhen stringing up new lengths, in accordance with thisprocedure. Remove all ends or other portions of the wire not sotested
49、. When testing wire in process, or when specified incontract or order, dielectric failures, untested portions of wire,or portions that have been exposed to fewer or more than thespecified number of pulses may be marked by stripping theinsulation or by any other suitable method of marking asspecified in the contract in lieu of being cut out of the wire.13.7 ReportIf required in sales to customers the producershall certify that 100 % of wire supplied has been tested inaccordance with Section 13 of these test methods.13.8 Apparatus, Method B3000-Hz Sinusoidal-
