1、Designation: D3076 00 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Test Methods forEffective Crimping on Outside Crimped Valves of AerosolContainers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3076; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revi
2、sion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover the effective crimping onoutside crimped valves within the wide parameters
3、of contain-ers and valves available.1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:SectionsOptical Comparator Test Method 4 to 7Caliper Test Method 8 to 121.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard
4、 does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM
5、Standards:2D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-mentsD3064 Terminology Relating To Aerosol Products3. Terminology3.1 General definitions for packaging and distribution envi-ronments are found in Terminology D996.3.2 General definitions of terms relating to aerosol productsare found
6、 in D3064.OPTICAL COMPARATOR TEST METHOD4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method involves drawing a projected, enlargedprofile of the container and valve, then removing the valve anddrawing the projected profile of the container finish. Measuringthe resultant void and subtracting the dimensions
7、 of theessentially noncompressed components from this value resultsin the value representing the compressed thickness of the valvesealing gasket.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method provides information for the establish-ment of quality control procedures on filling lines.6. Apparatus6.1 Opti
8、cal Comparator.6.2 Clamping Jig, fastened to the comparator bench.6.3 Grinder, electric, small enough to be hand held.7. Procedure7.1 Crimp a valve on an empty bottle with the line crimperset at normal operation, and clamp the bottle in the jig on thecomparator bench.7.2 Draw the projected, enlarged
9、 image on tracing paper.NOTE 1Grid ruled tracing paper makes the tracing much easier.7.3 Without disturbing the paper or bottle, cut a wedge outof the valve with the electric grinder, and remove the valve.7.4 Trace the projected image of the container alone on thesame paper.7.5 Measure the void betw
10、een the two silhouettes (Fig. 1and Fig. 2). Subtract the dimensions (multiplied by theenlargement factor of the essentially uncompressed compo-nents of the valve) from this value to obtain the thickness of the1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 onPackaging and are th
11、e direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.33 on MechanicalDispensers. These test methods were originally developed by the ChemicalSpecialties Manufacturers Assn.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originallyapproved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D30
12、76 00 (2005).DOI: 10.1520/D3076-00R10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM Interna
13、tional, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United Spressed gasket multipled by the enlargement factor, andconvert this reading into percent compression.CALIPER TEST METHOD8. Summary of Test Method8.1 This test method involves a measurement of the heightof the uncri
14、mped portion of the valve. The points betweenwhich the measurement is made are self-determining when thecalipers are held parallel to the side of the valve. Meandimensions are used in calculating the effective crimp height.9. Significance and Use9.1 This test method provides information for the esta
15、blish-ment of quality control procedures on filling lines.10. Apparatus10.1 Calipers, vernier or dial.11. Procedure11.1 Select a filled bottle from the filling line at random.11.2 Mark off three points, 120 apart, on the valve ferrule,carefully avoiding areas where stake marks occur.11.3 Holding the
16、 calipers parallel to the side of the valve,place the inner jaw on the top of the valve.11.4 Slide the outer jaw up the valve skirt until it stops, dueto the abrupt directional change in the skirt.11.4.1 In collect-crimped bottles a line appears at the top ofthe crimped skirt area. This is made by t
17、he top of the collectsegment, and is the point at which direction changes abruptlyand the caliper will hang up.Apoints between which effective crimp height measurement should be made (these points are self-determining when the calipers are held parallel to thesideofthevalve).Bpoints between which a
18、relative measurement may be established for nondestructure quality control use from optical comparator data.Ceffective compression.Dflat compression.FIG. 1 Effective Crimp HeightArepresentation of a plastic-coated bottle.Brepresentation of an uncoated bottle.NOTE 1A and B represent points between wh
19、ich measurements should be made after drawing the projected profiles.FIG. 2 Optical Comparator ProfileD3076 00 (2010)211.4.2 Roll-capped bottles will also produce this horizontalline at the top of the crimped area. Depending upon the facialcontour of the rollers, this line may be above or at the poi
20、nt ofabrupt direction change. Letting the caliper find the point ofdirection change naturally, will eliminate doubt about thismeasurement.11.5 Repeat this process at the other locations marked on theferrule.11.6 Record a reasonable agreement between any tworeadings as the effective crimp height (Fig
21、. 1).11.7 Measure the diameter of the uncrimped portion of thevalve. Subtract the diameter of the crimped valve skirt from thediameter of the uncrimped portion of the valve. Record thisvalue as the crimp diameter.12. Calculation12.1 Calculate the maximum crimp height for effectivecrimping, M (which
22、needs to be determined only once for anybottle and valve combination), as follows:M 5 A 1 B/2! 1 C 1 2Dwhere:A = dimension of the bottle lip (excluding the sealingbead),B = thickness of the sealing gasket,C = thickness of the valve body flang (excluding thesealing bead), andD = thickness of the valv
23、e ferrule.12.2 When plastic-coated bottles are used, add 0.015 to theend of the equation in 12.1 to compensate for the nominalamount of plastic expected to be present under the lip of thebottle finish.13. Precision and Bias13.1 PrecisionThe precision of Test Methods D3076 ishighly dependent on the t
24、ype of can and aerosol valve beingtested. While inside-crimped aerosol valves can operate withina standard dimensional target, such a single target cannot bereadily obtained for outside-crimped aerosol valves. This isdue to the wide tolerances of the containers and the tolerancesof the valve compone
25、nts (especially the rubber gasket) utilizedin the industry. One laboratory has investigated one aerosolvalve/aluminum can combination with two replicate tests,yielding the following results:Can # Crimp Measurement (mm)1 5,1625,23 5,264545536 5,357 5,258 5,279 5,2210 5,311 5,3412 5,3513 5,3114 5,3615
26、 5,3516 5,3117 5,3418 5,2619 5,320 5,25Mean Value 5,29Standard Deviation 0,06Max Value 5,35Min Value 5,1613.1.1 Other aerosol packages may have values differentthan the values disclosed in 13.1. Users of this test method aresuggested to reference historical files of previous tests ofsimilar aerosol
27、packaging for an estimate of within-laboratoryrepeatability. The Committee believes that because of thisstrong product and component material dependency, furtherinvestigation of repeatability and reproducibility is not practi-cable.13.2 Test Methods D3076 has no bias because an acceptedreference or
28、referee value is not available.14. Keywords14.1 aerosol packaging; crimp measurement of aerosolvalves; outside-crimped aerosol valvesAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. DISCUSSIONX1.1 Analyzing the similarities and differences betweeneffective sealing of inside crimped valves and outside crimpedva
29、lves, it becomes readily apparent that the main factor toconsider for effective sealing in both cases is compression ofthe sealing member of the valve.X1.2 Where a standard dimension is offered to the trade forinside crimped valves, such a single dimension or dimensionrange cannot readily be obtaine
30、d for outside crimped valves,due to wide tolerances on the essential dimensions of glasscontainers and the wide variation between valves offered to thetrade for glass aerosol containers.X1.2.1 In spite of this situation, the possibility of establish-ing crimping dimensions is not eliminated, but it
31、becomes alittle more involved insofar as separate dimensions must beestablished for each valve-container combination.X1.3 Mean dimensions were chosen for the caliper methodformula to give approximately 20 % compression of the rubbergasket on the maximum bottle. Using the same crimperD3076 00 (2010)3
32、adjustment, a minimum bottle can produce a negligible flatcompression, but will still have approximately 30 % effectivecompression even though the glass sealing bead is non-existent.X1.3.1 In calculating compression of the rubber gasket, it isrecommended that the sealing beads on both the glass andv
33、alve body flange be ignored to provide a small safety factor.X1.4 Serum vial type crimping, where the valve does notdisplay a crimped skirt, cannot easily be measured by means ofthe calipers alone. An effective crimp height setting should beestablished by the optical comparator and a relative height
34、measurement (by calipers) can be determined from the settingthat produces an acceptable compression as determined by thecomparator. This relative height can then be used nondestruc-tively by quality control personnel on the filling lines todetermine effective crimping.X1.5 Minimum values for crimp d
35、iameter (that is, 0.060 for20-mm valves and 0.030 for 15-mm valves) are those that aneffective crimped valve requires pressures of over 400 psi (2.7MPa) to exert sufficient force to unseat a 20-mm valve and over500 psi (3.4 MPa) to unseat a 15-mm valve. In any case, it isdesirable to press the skirt
36、 firmly against the side of the bottlefor appearances and to prevent valve popping upon bottlebreakage.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that d
37、etermination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved
38、 or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel
39、that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprin
40、ts (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D3076 00 (2010)4
