1、Designation: D 3210 95 (Reapproved 2002)Standard Test Method forComparing Colors of Films from Water-Emulsion FloorPolishes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3210; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、 the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers comparing colors of films (orsolids) deposited from the emulsified particles in
3、water emul-sion floor polishes. It is based upon luminous reflectancemeasurements made with tristimulus colorimeters such as theHunter Color Difference Meter.21.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standar
4、d does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM
5、 Standards:E 259 Practice for Preparation of Reference White Reflec-tance Standards33. Terminology3.1 Definition:3.1.1 whiteness indexa color measurement calculatedfrom the equation4WI 5 L 2 3b (1)where L and b are values measured directly with the ColorDifference Meter. L measures lightness, which
6、is 100 forperfectly white and zero for black; and b measures yellownesswhen plus, blueness when minus, and zero for neutral gray orwhite. Conversion factors for instruments reading in X, Y, Zunits are:L 5 10=Yb5 7.0 Y 2 0.847 Z!/=Y (2)4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Reflectance measurements are made on
7、 exaggerated orheavy dried polish films produced by saturating white filterpaper. The color measurement is expressed as whiteness index.5. Significance and Use5.1 Whiteness index obtained from reflectance measure-ments on exaggerated dried polish films on filter paper can beused as a measurement of
8、the color of such films.5.2 Whiteness index may be useful in predicting the poten-tial discoloring effect of polish films on flooring substrates.5.3 Whiteness index should be useful in specifications whencolor comparisons are made with a standard sample polish.6. Apparatus6.1 Tristimulus Colorimeter
9、, which gives reflectance read-ings which in turn are converted by calculations to L, a, and bcolor scale values, or these color scale values may be readdirectly from an instrument that automatically makes thecalculations. Other apparatus is satisfactory if equivalent re-sults are obtained.6.2 Filte
10、r Paper, medium flow rate, cut into strips 76.2 by152.4 mm (3 in. by 6 in.).6.3 Spring Clamp, approximately 76 mm (3 in.) wide, twoare required.NOTE 1The following instruments are believed to provide colordifference measurements suitable for use with this procedure:(1) Hunter Color Difference Meter.
11、(2) Color Eye Colorimeter.(3) General Electric Recording Spectrophotometer.(4) Colormaster Differential Colorimeter.(5) Gardner Color Difference Meter.7. Reference Standards7.1 Primary StandardThe primary standard for reflec-tance measurement is a layer of freshly prepared magnesiumoxide prepared in
12、 accordance with Recommended PracticeE 259.7.2 Instrument StandardBecause of the difficulty of pre-paring a primary reflectance standard, calibrated pieces of1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D21 on Polishesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D21.04 on Perfor
13、mance Tests.Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1995. Published May 1996. Originallypublished as D 3210 73. Last previous edition D 3210 73 (1988).2Hunter, R. S., “Photoelectric Color Difference Meter,” Journal of the OpticalSociety, Vol. 48, 1958, p. 985.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.4Hun
14、ter, R. S., “Instruments and Test Methods for Control of Whiteness inTextile Mills,” American Dyestuff Reporter, Vol 56, No. 25, Dec. 4, 1967, pp. 8087.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.panels of white porcelain enamel
15、or white glass known asVitrolite may be used as instrument standards.8. Test Specimen8.1 Fasten a 76.2 by 152.4 mm (3 in. by 6 in.) strip of filterpaper at each end with a spring clamp. Saturate the paper withthe polish to be tested by dipping the paper into a shallow traycontaining the polish. Remo
16、ve the paper and allow it to dry ina suspended, vertical position for 24 h at ambient conditions ofapproximately 24C (75F) and 50 % relative humidity. Detachthe spring clamps and store the filter paper in a clean, drycontainer until reflectance readings are taken. Prepare duplicatepaper strips for e
17、ach polish to be tested.9. Procedure9.1 Calibrate and operate the instrument in accordance withinstructions supplied by the manufacturer.9.2 Obtain reflectance readings (Y and Z tristimulus values)or color readings, L and b, on the samples prepared in 8.1, butuse five thicknesses of white filter pap
18、er as backing for eachsaturated paper specimen. Repeat until four sets of values havebeen obtained on each specimen.9.3 Obtain four sets of reference readings on the same stockor filter paper that has been handled similarly to the test papersamples, but which has not been treated with polish.10. Cal
19、culation10.1 Average each set of reflectance readings (Y and Z,orLand b values) obtained in Section 9. If Y and b were obtained,compute L and b using equations in 3.1.10.2 Calculate the whiteness index for each specimen from10.1 as follows:WI 5 L 2 3b (3)11. Report11.1 Report the following informati
20、on:11.1.1 Whiteness index of the filter paper,11.1.2 Whiteness index of each specimen from 8.1, and11.1.3 Identification of the instrument used, includes manu-facturers model number and serial number.12. Precision and Bias12.1 Whiteness indices on duplicate samples should notvary more than two units
21、. Average variations should be lessthan one unit.12.2 BiasThis test method has no bias because the valueof the whiteness index is defined only in terms of this testmethod.13. Keywords13.1 color films; floor polishes; water-emulsion floor pol-ishesASTM International takes no position respecting the v
22、alidity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is s
23、ubject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headq
24、uarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This stan
25、dard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 3210 95 (2002)2
