1、Designation: D3676 13D3676 18Standard Specification forRubber Cellular Cushion Used for Carpet or Rug Underlay1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3676; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of l
2、ast revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers high-density cellular rubber adhered to carpet, rugs, or various substrates for use as separ
3、ateunderlay. It is also acceptable to use this standard as a specification for separately blown sponge used carpet and rugs. Thisspecification can also be applied to various substrates, such as blown sponge rubber, used independently as carpet underlay.1.2 This specification provides material and di
4、mensional requirements and test methods for specific properties of compressionset, compression resistance or compression force deflection, delamination strength, and accelerated aging.NOTE 1This specification does not include requirements for burning characteristics. It shall be noted that Flammable
5、 FabricsAct Regulations FF1-70,Standard for the Surface Flammability of Carpets and Rugs, and FF2-70, Standard for the Surface Flammability of Small Carpets and Rugs,2 may beapplicable for carpets and rugs with integral backing of rubber cellular cushion.1.2 This standard does not purport to address
6、 all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1There is no known ISO equiv
7、alent to this standard.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization T
8、echnical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompression SetD573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an Air OvenD751 Test Methods for Coated FabricsD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1056 Specification for Flexible C
9、ellular MaterialsSponge or Expanded RubberD3574 Test Methods for Flexible Cellular MaterialsSlab, Bonded, and Molded Urethane FoamsD3767 Practice for RubberMeasurement of DimensionsD6576 Specification for Flexible Cellular Rubber Chemically Blown2.2 Federal Standard:Fed. Std. No. 191 Textile Test Me
10、thods, Method 5100Breaking Strength and Elongation of Woven Cloth; Grab Method33. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions used in this test method, refer to Terminology D883.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 rubbera material that is capable of recovering from large deformati
11、ons quickly and forcibly, and can be, or already is,modified to a state in which it is essentially insoluble (but can swell) in boiling solvent (such as benzene, methyl ethyl ketone, andethanol-toluene azeotrope).1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is
12、 the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on Cellular Materials - Plasticsand Elastomers.Current edition approved April 15, 2013Aug. 1, 2018. Published April 2013August 2018. Originally approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 20072013 asD3676 - 01.D3676 - 13. DOI: 10.1520/D3676-1
13、3.10.1520/D3676-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from Standardization Documents
14、 Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 191115094, Attn: NPODS.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible
15、 to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyrig
16、ht ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.2.2 cellular materiala generic term for materials containing many cells (either open or closed, or both) dispersed throughoutthe mass.3.2.3 flexible cellular materiala flexible cellular organ
17、ic polymeric material that will not rupture within 60 s when a specimen8 by 1 in. (200 by 25 by 25 mm) is bent around a 1-in. (25-mm) diameter mandrel at a uniform rate of 1 lap/5 s in the form ofa helix at a temperature between 65 and 85F (18 and 29C).3.2.4 open cella product whose cells are not to
18、tally enclosed by its walls and open to the surface, either directly or byinterconnecting with other cells.3.2.5 closed cella product whose cells are totally enclosed by its walls and hence not interconnecting with other cells.3.2.6 sponge rubbercellular rubber consisting predominantly of open cells
19、 made from a solid rubber compound.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This specification provides material and dimensional requirements and test methods for specific properties of compressionset, compression resistance or compression force deflection, delamination strength, and accelerated aging.NOTE 2Thi
20、s specification does not include requirements for burning characteristics. It shall be noted that Flammable FabricsAct Regulations FF1-70,Standard for the Surface Flammability of Carpets and Rugs, and FF2-70, Standard for the Surface Flammability of Small Carpets and Rugs,4 shall beapplicable for ca
21、rpets and rugs with integral backing of rubber cellular cushion.5. Significance and Use5.1 The purpose of this specification is to provide meaningful tests for rubber cellular cushion used for carpet or rug underlay.6. Classification6.1 The following classes of flexible, cellular, high-density rubbe
22、r either adhered to carpets, rugs, and separate substrates carpetsand rugs or used independently as carpet underlay are covered.6.1.1 Class A, for moderate traffic use within one and two family, multi-family, and care-type dwelling units. Moderate trafficareas are areas such as living rooms, dining
23、rooms, bedrooms, and recreation rooms.6.1.2 Class B, for heavy traffic use for public areas such as lobbies and corridors of multifamily and care-type facilities;entrances, stairways, and elevators.7. Physical Requirements7.1 The material shall conform to the requirements for physical properties pre
24、scribed in Table 1.8. Sampling and Sample Preparation8.1 Select representative samples of the lot being examined at random as required.8.2 Each sample shall consist of a 200 6 10-mm wide strip taken across the full width of the finished rug, carpet, orunderlayment, or other substrate. For narrow pro
25、ducts such as runners, it will occasionally be necessary to use a strip 300 mm ormore to furnish all the test specimens. If the product is not homogeneous across the full width, reject the sample and obtain anothersample. Prior to cutting, read the sample requirements so as to plan the cutting patte
26、rn properly.8.3 Mark off 150 mm from the outer edges of the sample and cut all specimens from inside these lines. Divide this inside widthinto three approximately equal parts. After cutting the specimens, identify the originating area on the foam side.8.4 Cut three 50 6 1 mm by 150 6 3-mm specimens
27、from the sample, one from each side area and one from the center. centerand label each specimen distinguishing as such. Cut the long dimension parallel to the warp threads of the carpet or rug, ifapplicable.8.5 Die-cut six 10062 mm by 10062-mm specimens, two from each side area and two from the cent
28、er. Die-cut the specimenswith the foam side against the cutting die.8.6 Cut at least one 50 6 1 mm by 100 6 2-mm specimen from the remaining sample.9. Test Methods9.1 Unless specifically stated otherwise, all tests shall be made in accordance with the methods specified in Sections 911 1618.10. Inspe
29、ction and Rejection10.1 All tests and inspection shall be made at the place of manufacture prior to shipment unless otherwise specified.10.2 It is acceptable for any material that fails in one or more of the test requirements to be resampled atfrom another area andretested. Failure of the retest sha
30、ll be cause for final rejection.10.3 The manufacturer shall certify that the material is in compliance with this specification.D3676 18211. Test Conditions11.1 Condition the specimens for a minimum of 24 h at 2362C and 50610 % relative humidity. If other conditions are used,note these conditions in
31、the report.12. Area Density of Foam Backing12.1 ProcedureWeigh the six 100 mm by 100-mm specimens separately and record the mass to the nearest 0.01 g. Usingsuitable equipment, for example, an electric carving knife and supporting guides, separate the foam backing from the primarycarpet backing by c
32、utting at the line where the textile component meets the foam component. Cut as closely as possible withoutdamaging the primary carpet backing. Keep the foam specimens for further tests. Remove any remaining foam from the primarycarpet backing by brushing it with a stiff wire-bristle brush. Weigh ea
33、ch carpet specimen separately and record the mass to thenearest 0.01 g.12.2 CalculationFor each specimen, calculate the mass (M) of the foam as the difference between the total mass and the massof the carpet with foam backing removed. Report the average of the six results. Calculate the mass per uni
34、t area in kilograms persquare metre by dividing the average mass by the area of the specimen. (For specimens 100 mm by 100 mm (4 in. by 4 in.), thearea density in kilograms per square metre = 0.1 M, when M is expressed in grams.)12.3 Precision and BiasSee Test Methods D3574, Test A.13. Thickness13.1
35、 ProcedureMeasure the thickness of each of the six 100 mm by 100-mm foam specimens to the nearest 0.02 mm, bymeans of a thickness gage having a circular presser foot with an area of 645 mm2 and exerting a pressure of 1.5 kPa. Apply theforce slowly without impact and read the thickness gage immediate
36、ly. Report the average of the six readings.13.2 Precision and BiasSee Practice D3767, Method A2.14. Volume Density14.1 ProcedureWeigh each of the six 100 mm by 100-mm (4 in. by 4-in.) foam specimens to the nearest 0.01 g.14.2 CalculationCalculate the density for each specimen as follows:TABLE 1Chara
37、cteristic Class A Class B ASTM MethodMass per unit area, min,kg/m2 (oz/yd2)1.3 (38.0) 1.6 (46.0) Section 10 of D3676Mass per unit area, min,kg/m2 (oz/yd2)1.3 (38.0) 1.6 (46.0) Section 12 of D3676Thickness, min, mm (in.) 3 (0.12) 3 (0.12) Section 11 of D3676Thickness, min, mm (in.) 3 (0.12) 3 (0.12)
38、Section 13 of D3676Density, min, kg/m3(lb/ft3)270 (17) 320 (20) Section 12 of D3676Density, min, kg/m3(lb/ft3)270 (17) 320 (20) Section 14 of D3676Compression Resist-ance, min, kPa (psi)21 (3) 31 (4.5) Section 13 of D3676Compression Resist-ance, min, kPa (psi)21 (3) 31 (4.5) Section 15 of D3676Const
39、ant deflectioncompression set,max, %15 15 D395, Method B withchanges as in Section14 of D3676Constant deflectioncompression set,max, %15 15 D395, Method B withchanges as in Section16 of D3676Delamination resistance,min, N/min (lbf/in.)350 (2) 350 (2) Section 15 of D3676Delamination resistance,min, N
40、/min (lbf/in.)350 (2) 350 (2) Section 17 of D3676Accelerated aging Samplesshall passthe statedrequirementsD573 with changes asin Section 16 of D3676Accelerated aging Samplesshall passthe statedrequirementsD573 with changes asin Section 18 of D3676Tensile strength, min, kPa(psi)55 (8) 55 (8) D3574Com
41、pression ForceDeflection, KPa (psi)D3574D3676 183d 5100M/T (1)where:d = density, kg/m3,M = Mass, g, andT = Thickness, mm.Report the average of the six determinations.14.3 Precision and BiasSee Test Methods D3574, Test A.15. Compression Resistance15.1 ProcedureCut each of the 100 mm by 100-mm foam sp
42、ecimens into four 50 mm by 50-mm specimens. Form two setsof plied specimens approximately 25-mm thick, skin side to cut side. Place the plied specimen in a compression tester and, witha presser foot that is larger than the surface area of the specimen, determine the total thickness of the plied spec
43、imen with aprestresspre-stress of 1.5 kPa. Compress the plied specimen to 75 6 1 % of its original thickness at 0.83 6 0.08 mm/s andimmediately determine the total force in kN. Report the average of the two results.15.2 CalculationCalculate the compression resistance as follows:CR 5 A / B! 2 D (2)wh
44、ere:CR = compression resistance, kPa,A = force, kN,B = area, m2, andD = Pre-stress of 1.5 kPa.(For a specimen 50 mm by 50 mm, the compression resistance in kilopascals = (0.4 A ) 1.5, when A is expressed in newtons.)15.3 Precision and BiasSee Specification D1056, Compression Deflection Tests.16. Con
45、stant Deflection Compression Set16.1 ProcedureForm two additional sets of plied specimens 50 mm by 50 mm, approximately 25 mm thick, skin side to cutside, using specimens from the compression resistance test if necessary. Determine the thickness of the plied specimens inaccordance with Section 1113.
46、 and use this plied specimen thickness as the original thickness. Place the plied specimens in a fixtureconsisting of two parallel plates larger than the specimen in surface area. Compress the specimen to 50 6 1 % of its originalthickness as determined above, using appropriate spacers to maintain th
47、e required thickness. Place the fixture with the compressedspecimen in a circulating air oven at 70 6 1C for 22 6 0.5 h. Remove the fixture from the oven, unclamp immediately, andremove the plied specimen from the fixture. Remeasure the thickness of the plied specimen in accordance with Section 1113
48、 aftera 4.5 6 0.5 h recovery. If the plies adhere together after the oven treatment, do not separate them before remeasuring. Report theaverage of the two results.16.2 CalculationCalculate the constant deflection compression set expressed as a percentage loss of the original thickness:Ct 5 100to 2 t
49、f!/to (3)where:Ct = compression set, %,to = original thickness, mm (in.), andtf = final thickness, mm (in.).16.3 Precision and BiasSee Test Methods D395, Test B.17. Delamination Resistance17.1 ProcedureTake the three 50 mm by 150-mm specimens and cover the foam side with self-adhering tape. tape in orderto add support to the foam backing as it is being separated from the carpet backing. Separate the foam backing from the primarycarpet backing for approximately 40 mm at one end of the specimen. Use a tensile tester equivalent to that de
